{"id":10255,"date":"2014-05-07T00:05:57","date_gmt":"2014-05-06T21:05:57","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/ph.yhb.org.il\/en\/?p=10255"},"modified":"2020-09-15T12:08:25","modified_gmt":"2020-09-15T09:08:25","slug":"15-07-05","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/ph.yhb.org.il\/en\/15-07-05\/","title":{"rendered":"05. The Times of <em>Vidui<\/em>"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>Since Yom Kippur is the time of forgiveness, atonement, and acceptance of the Jews\u2019 repentance, and since repentance requires <em>vidui<\/em>, it is a mitzva to confess as soon as Yom Kippur begins, meaning, at <em>Ma\u2019ariv<\/em>. However, the Sages were concerned that something might go wrong at the pre-fast meal \u2013 someone might get drunk and be unable to confess during <em>Ma\u2019ariv<\/em> or might choke during the meal and die before confessing. Therefore, they ordained that each person confess at <em>Min\u1e25a<\/em>, prior to the pre-fast meal. Nevertheless, <em>vidui <\/em>must be repeated at <em>Ma\u2019ariv<\/em> on Yom Kippur, as that is still the primary time for <em>vidui<\/em> and atonement. Despite having confessed at <em>Ma\u2019ariv<\/em>, we confess again at <em>Sha\u1e25arit<\/em>, <em>Musaf<\/em>, <em>Min\u1e25a<\/em>, and <em>Ne\u2019ila<\/em> (<em>Yoma<\/em> 87b). Given that we have just confessed and have not had time to sin, this would seem to be unnecessary. Nevertheless, whenever we stand in prayer before God on Yom Kippur, it is appropriate to confess, as repentance is the mitzva of the day. (This is different from the rest of the year, when even those who confess every day do not do so during the <em>Amida<\/em>.) Additionally, it is possible that one sinned after <em>Ma\u2019ariv<\/em>, so he must confess again at <em>Sha\u1e25arit<\/em>. Similarly, he may have sinned after <em>Sha\u1e25arit<\/em>, so he must confess during <em>Musaf<\/em>, and so on. For Yom Kippur continues to atone until the end of the day, when it gets dark (<em>Levush<\/em>, SAH 607:1).<\/p>\n<p>During each silent <em>Amida<\/em>, <em>vidui<\/em> is recited after the conclusion of the <em>berakhot<\/em> and before the recitation of <em>Elokai Netzor<\/em>. During the repetition of the <em>Amida<\/em>, it is recited within the middle <em>berakha<\/em> (the sanctification of the day). Technically, an individual is not required to confess during the repetition, though he must stand (SA 607:3). However, in practice, the Rishonim write that it is proper for the members of the congregation to recite <em>vidui<\/em> together with the <em>\u1e25azan<\/em> (Ran; Rema) so that everyone recites <em>vidui<\/em> ten times over the course of the day, corresponding to the ten times that the Kohen Gadol uttered the Tetragrammaton (10:15-16 below). The ten confessions are: one before the fast during the silent <em>Amida<\/em> of <em>Min\u1e25a<\/em>, one at night during the <em>Amida<\/em> of <em>Ma\u2019ariv<\/em>, and eight more during the four prayer services of the day: <em>Sha\u1e25arit<\/em>, <em>Musaf<\/em>, <em>Min\u1e25a<\/em>, and <em>Ne\u2019ila<\/em>. In each of these four services, one <em>vidui<\/em> is recited during the silent <em>Amida<\/em> and a second is recited during the <em>\u1e25azan<\/em>\u2019s repetition. The <em>vidui<\/em> that we recite during the <em>Seli\u1e25ot<\/em> after the <em>Amida <\/em>of <em>Ma\u2019ariv<\/em> does not count, as it is not recited within an <em>Amida<\/em> (<em>Tur<\/em> 621; MB <em>ad loc<\/em>. 2).<\/p>\n<p>According to Ramban, in addition to the confessions recited on Yom Kippur, one must recite the <em>vidui <\/em>after the pre-fast meal, before dark, so as to start Yom Kippur in a state of repentance. A\u1e25aronim write that it is proper to follow this stringency (<em>Shlah<\/em>). However, there is concern that some people will not be able to recite it because they drank during the meal. Therefore, they ordained the recitation of <em>vidui <\/em>at <em>Min\u1e25a <\/em>as well, before the meal. The main purpose, however, is to enter Yom Kippur with the right mindset. One may fulfill this <em>vidui <\/em>by reciting the minimum: \u201cBut we have sinned, done wrong, and rebelled.\u201d In practice, two customs have developed to fulfill the stringency right before Yom Kippur: Ashkenazim recite <em>Tefila Zaka<\/em>, which contains detailed confessions (MB 607:1), while Sephardim recite the poem <em>Lekha Keli Teshukati<\/em>, which includes confessions. There is an opinion that these prayers must be recited while standing, since they are a type of <em>vidui<\/em> (<em>Pri \u1e24adash<\/em>). Nevertheless, the custom is to recite them while seated, as <em>be-di\u2019avad<\/em> one may confess while sitting.<\/p>\n<p>Those who will not attend the synagogue are not obligated to recite ten confessions. During each <em>Amida<\/em> that they pray, they should recite the appropriate <em>vidui<\/em>. At least one <em>vidui<\/em> must be made, as this is an obligation of the day. If at all possible, two confessions should be made, one at the beginning of Yom Kippur and another one at the end, at the time of <em>Ne\u2019ila<\/em>. (See 6:3 n. 1 above.)<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Since Yom Kippur is the time of forgiveness, atonement, and acceptance of the Jews\u2019 repentance, and since repentance requires vidui, it is a mitzva to confess as soon as Yom Kippur begins, meaning, at Ma\u2019ariv. However, the Sages were concerned that something might go wrong at the pre-fast meal \u2013 someone might get drunk and [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":10,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[190],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-10255","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-15-07"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v26.2 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/wordpress\/plugins\/seo\/ -->\n<title>05. The Times of Vidui - Peninei Halakha<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/ph.yhb.org.il\/en\/15-07-05\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"05. The Times of Vidui - Peninei Halakha\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Since Yom Kippur is the time of forgiveness, atonement, and acceptance of the Jews\u2019 repentance, and since repentance requires vidui, it is a mitzva to confess as soon as Yom Kippur begins, meaning, at Ma\u2019ariv. However, the Sages were concerned that something might go wrong at the pre-fast meal \u2013 someone might get drunk and [&hellip;]\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:url\" content=\"https:\/\/ph.yhb.org.il\/en\/15-07-05\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:site_name\" content=\"Peninei Halakha\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:published_time\" content=\"2014-05-06T21:05:57+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:modified_time\" content=\"2020-09-15T09:08:25+00:00\" \/>\n<meta name=\"author\" content=\"\u05e6\u05d5\u05d5\u05ea \u05d4\u05d0\u05ea\u05e8\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:card\" content=\"summary_large_image\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:label1\" content=\"Written by\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data1\" content=\"\u05e6\u05d5\u05d5\u05ea \u05d4\u05d0\u05ea\u05e8\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:label2\" content=\"Est. reading time\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data2\" content=\"4 minutes\" \/>\n<script type=\"application\/ld+json\" class=\"yoast-schema-graph\">{\"@context\":\"https:\/\/schema.org\",\"@graph\":[{\"@type\":\"Article\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/ph.yhb.org.il\/en\/15-07-05\/#article\",\"isPartOf\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/ph.yhb.org.il\/en\/15-07-05\/\"},\"author\":{\"name\":\"\u05e6\u05d5\u05d5\u05ea \u05d4\u05d0\u05ea\u05e8\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/ph.yhb.org.il\/en\/#\/schema\/person\/8822293bfa4f7cd35b44a3c311851b63\"},\"headline\":\"05. The Times of Vidui\",\"datePublished\":\"2014-05-06T21:05:57+00:00\",\"dateModified\":\"2020-09-15T09:08:25+00:00\",\"mainEntityOfPage\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/ph.yhb.org.il\/en\/15-07-05\/\"},\"wordCount\":710,\"publisher\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/ph.yhb.org.il\/en\/#organization\"},\"articleSection\":[\"07 \u2013 Laws of Yom Kippur\"],\"inLanguage\":\"en-US\"},{\"@type\":\"WebPage\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/ph.yhb.org.il\/en\/15-07-05\/\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/ph.yhb.org.il\/en\/15-07-05\/\",\"name\":\"05. The Times of Vidui - Peninei Halakha\",\"isPartOf\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/ph.yhb.org.il\/en\/#website\"},\"datePublished\":\"2014-05-06T21:05:57+00:00\",\"dateModified\":\"2020-09-15T09:08:25+00:00\",\"breadcrumb\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/ph.yhb.org.il\/en\/15-07-05\/#breadcrumb\"},\"inLanguage\":\"en-US\",\"potentialAction\":[{\"@type\":\"ReadAction\",\"target\":[\"https:\/\/ph.yhb.org.il\/en\/15-07-05\/\"]}]},{\"@type\":\"BreadcrumbList\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/ph.yhb.org.il\/en\/15-07-05\/#breadcrumb\",\"itemListElement\":[{\"@type\":\"ListItem\",\"position\":1,\"name\":\"\u05d3\u05e3 \u05d4\u05d1\u05d9\u05ea\",\"item\":\"https:\/\/ph.yhb.org.il\/en\/\"},{\"@type\":\"ListItem\",\"position\":2,\"name\":\"05. The Times of Vidui\"}]},{\"@type\":\"WebSite\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/ph.yhb.org.il\/en\/#website\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/ph.yhb.org.il\/en\/\",\"name\":\"Peninei Halakha\",\"description\":\"HaRav Eliezer Melamed\",\"publisher\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/ph.yhb.org.il\/en\/#organization\"},\"potentialAction\":[{\"@type\":\"SearchAction\",\"target\":{\"@type\":\"EntryPoint\",\"urlTemplate\":\"https:\/\/ph.yhb.org.il\/en\/?s={search_term_string}\"},\"query-input\":{\"@type\":\"PropertyValueSpecification\",\"valueRequired\":true,\"valueName\":\"search_term_string\"}}],\"inLanguage\":\"en-US\"},{\"@type\":\"Organization\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/ph.yhb.org.il\/en\/#organization\",\"name\":\"Peninei Halakha\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/ph.yhb.org.il\/en\/\",\"logo\":{\"@type\":\"ImageObject\",\"inLanguage\":\"en-US\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/ph.yhb.org.il\/en\/#\/schema\/logo\/image\/\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/ph.yhb.org.il\/en\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/10\/2020\/08\/logo-ph-.png\",\"contentUrl\":\"https:\/\/ph.yhb.org.il\/en\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/10\/2020\/08\/logo-ph-.png\",\"width\":300,\"height\":64,\"caption\":\"Peninei Halakha\"},\"image\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/ph.yhb.org.il\/en\/#\/schema\/logo\/image\/\"}},{\"@type\":\"Person\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/ph.yhb.org.il\/en\/#\/schema\/person\/8822293bfa4f7cd35b44a3c311851b63\",\"name\":\"\u05e6\u05d5\u05d5\u05ea \u05d4\u05d0\u05ea\u05e8\",\"image\":{\"@type\":\"ImageObject\",\"inLanguage\":\"en-US\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/ph.yhb.org.il\/en\/#\/schema\/person\/image\/\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/secure.gravatar.com\/avatar\/4839847e1f630d0e0f5d54879b51b427c551b51611b74d6558e54ff6e69ce498?s=96&d=mm&r=g\",\"contentUrl\":\"https:\/\/secure.gravatar.com\/avatar\/4839847e1f630d0e0f5d54879b51b427c551b51611b74d6558e54ff6e69ce498?s=96&d=mm&r=g\",\"caption\":\"\u05e6\u05d5\u05d5\u05ea \u05d4\u05d0\u05ea\u05e8\"},\"url\":\"https:\/\/ph.yhb.org.il\/en\/author\/shlomit12\/\"}]}<\/script>\n<!-- \/ Yoast SEO plugin. -->","yoast_head_json":{"title":"05. The Times of Vidui - Peninei Halakha","robots":{"index":"index","follow":"follow","max-snippet":"max-snippet:-1","max-image-preview":"max-image-preview:large","max-video-preview":"max-video-preview:-1"},"canonical":"https:\/\/ph.yhb.org.il\/en\/15-07-05\/","og_locale":"en_US","og_type":"article","og_title":"05. The Times of Vidui - Peninei Halakha","og_description":"Since Yom Kippur is the time of forgiveness, atonement, and acceptance of the Jews\u2019 repentance, and since repentance requires vidui, it is a mitzva to confess as soon as Yom Kippur begins, meaning, at Ma\u2019ariv. However, the Sages were concerned that something might go wrong at the pre-fast meal \u2013 someone might get drunk and [&hellip;]","og_url":"https:\/\/ph.yhb.org.il\/en\/15-07-05\/","og_site_name":"Peninei Halakha","article_published_time":"2014-05-06T21:05:57+00:00","article_modified_time":"2020-09-15T09:08:25+00:00","author":"\u05e6\u05d5\u05d5\u05ea \u05d4\u05d0\u05ea\u05e8","twitter_card":"summary_large_image","twitter_misc":{"Written by":"\u05e6\u05d5\u05d5\u05ea \u05d4\u05d0\u05ea\u05e8","Est. reading time":"4 minutes"},"schema":{"@context":"https:\/\/schema.org","@graph":[{"@type":"Article","@id":"https:\/\/ph.yhb.org.il\/en\/15-07-05\/#article","isPartOf":{"@id":"https:\/\/ph.yhb.org.il\/en\/15-07-05\/"},"author":{"name":"\u05e6\u05d5\u05d5\u05ea \u05d4\u05d0\u05ea\u05e8","@id":"https:\/\/ph.yhb.org.il\/en\/#\/schema\/person\/8822293bfa4f7cd35b44a3c311851b63"},"headline":"05. The Times of Vidui","datePublished":"2014-05-06T21:05:57+00:00","dateModified":"2020-09-15T09:08:25+00:00","mainEntityOfPage":{"@id":"https:\/\/ph.yhb.org.il\/en\/15-07-05\/"},"wordCount":710,"publisher":{"@id":"https:\/\/ph.yhb.org.il\/en\/#organization"},"articleSection":["07 \u2013 Laws of Yom Kippur"],"inLanguage":"en-US"},{"@type":"WebPage","@id":"https:\/\/ph.yhb.org.il\/en\/15-07-05\/","url":"https:\/\/ph.yhb.org.il\/en\/15-07-05\/","name":"05. The Times of Vidui - Peninei Halakha","isPartOf":{"@id":"https:\/\/ph.yhb.org.il\/en\/#website"},"datePublished":"2014-05-06T21:05:57+00:00","dateModified":"2020-09-15T09:08:25+00:00","breadcrumb":{"@id":"https:\/\/ph.yhb.org.il\/en\/15-07-05\/#breadcrumb"},"inLanguage":"en-US","potentialAction":[{"@type":"ReadAction","target":["https:\/\/ph.yhb.org.il\/en\/15-07-05\/"]}]},{"@type":"BreadcrumbList","@id":"https:\/\/ph.yhb.org.il\/en\/15-07-05\/#breadcrumb","itemListElement":[{"@type":"ListItem","position":1,"name":"\u05d3\u05e3 \u05d4\u05d1\u05d9\u05ea","item":"https:\/\/ph.yhb.org.il\/en\/"},{"@type":"ListItem","position":2,"name":"05. The Times of Vidui"}]},{"@type":"WebSite","@id":"https:\/\/ph.yhb.org.il\/en\/#website","url":"https:\/\/ph.yhb.org.il\/en\/","name":"Peninei Halakha","description":"HaRav Eliezer Melamed","publisher":{"@id":"https:\/\/ph.yhb.org.il\/en\/#organization"},"potentialAction":[{"@type":"SearchAction","target":{"@type":"EntryPoint","urlTemplate":"https:\/\/ph.yhb.org.il\/en\/?s={search_term_string}"},"query-input":{"@type":"PropertyValueSpecification","valueRequired":true,"valueName":"search_term_string"}}],"inLanguage":"en-US"},{"@type":"Organization","@id":"https:\/\/ph.yhb.org.il\/en\/#organization","name":"Peninei Halakha","url":"https:\/\/ph.yhb.org.il\/en\/","logo":{"@type":"ImageObject","inLanguage":"en-US","@id":"https:\/\/ph.yhb.org.il\/en\/#\/schema\/logo\/image\/","url":"https:\/\/ph.yhb.org.il\/en\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/10\/2020\/08\/logo-ph-.png","contentUrl":"https:\/\/ph.yhb.org.il\/en\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/10\/2020\/08\/logo-ph-.png","width":300,"height":64,"caption":"Peninei Halakha"},"image":{"@id":"https:\/\/ph.yhb.org.il\/en\/#\/schema\/logo\/image\/"}},{"@type":"Person","@id":"https:\/\/ph.yhb.org.il\/en\/#\/schema\/person\/8822293bfa4f7cd35b44a3c311851b63","name":"\u05e6\u05d5\u05d5\u05ea \u05d4\u05d0\u05ea\u05e8","image":{"@type":"ImageObject","inLanguage":"en-US","@id":"https:\/\/ph.yhb.org.il\/en\/#\/schema\/person\/image\/","url":"https:\/\/secure.gravatar.com\/avatar\/4839847e1f630d0e0f5d54879b51b427c551b51611b74d6558e54ff6e69ce498?s=96&d=mm&r=g","contentUrl":"https:\/\/secure.gravatar.com\/avatar\/4839847e1f630d0e0f5d54879b51b427c551b51611b74d6558e54ff6e69ce498?s=96&d=mm&r=g","caption":"\u05e6\u05d5\u05d5\u05ea \u05d4\u05d0\u05ea\u05e8"},"url":"https:\/\/ph.yhb.org.il\/en\/author\/shlomit12\/"}]}},"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/ph.yhb.org.il\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/10255","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/ph.yhb.org.il\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/ph.yhb.org.il\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/ph.yhb.org.il\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/10"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/ph.yhb.org.il\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=10255"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/ph.yhb.org.il\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/10255\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/ph.yhb.org.il\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=10255"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/ph.yhb.org.il\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=10255"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/ph.yhb.org.il\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=10255"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}