{"id":10300,"date":"2014-05-08T00:07:39","date_gmt":"2014-05-07T21:07:39","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/ph.yhb.org.il\/en\/?p=10300"},"modified":"2020-09-15T12:36:17","modified_gmt":"2020-09-15T09:36:17","slug":"15-08-07","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/ph.yhb.org.il\/en\/15-08-07\/","title":{"rendered":"07. Laws of Eating for Those Who Must Eat"},"content":{"rendered":"

Children and dangerously sick people must recite berakhot <\/em>before eating and drinking on Yom Kippur. If they eat or drink enough to require a berakha a\u1e25arona<\/em>, they recite that as well. Someone dangerously ill who is drinking le-shi\u2019urim <\/em>does not recite a berakha a\u1e25arona<\/em>, as he drinks less than a cheek-full each time, while a berakha a\u1e25arona<\/em> is recited only after drinking a revi\u2019it<\/em> (2.5 ounces or 75 milliliters), which is more than a cheek-full. (See Peninei Halakha: Berakhot<\/em> 10:10.)<\/p>\n

In terms of eating, even one who ate minimal quantities may have to recite a berakha a\u1e25arona<\/em>, because the shi\u2019ur <\/em>that obligates a berakha a\u1e25arona <\/em>is a kezayit<\/em>, and someone eating le-shiurim<\/em> on Yom Kippur may eat as much as the volume of a kotevet<\/em>, which is larger than a kezayit<\/em> (ibid<\/em>. 10:5).<\/p>\n

As we said above (section 5 and n. 6), it is preferable when possible for the dangerously ill to eat and drink le-shi\u2019urim<\/em>, but when that is difficult, they should eat and drink normally. For example, a postpartum woman who needs to sleep can eat and drink regularly to help her recovery. Diabetics who are praying with the community should eat and drink normally, so that they can attend synagogue without endangering themselves. Children who eat and drink on Yom Kippur should also do so normally.<\/p>\n

People who are eating bread must first wash their hands (netilat yadayim<\/em>). However, rather than washing to the wrists, they should wash only to the base of the fingers. They should wash each hand twice (Peninei Halakha: Berakhot<\/em> 2:3, 2:11). One who intends to eat less than the volume of an egg (kebeitza<\/em>) does not recite \u201cal netilat yadayim<\/em>.\u201d If he intends to eat more than that, he recites the blessing (Peninei Halakha: Berakhot<\/em> 2:6).<\/p>\n

One who always washes mayim a\u1e25aronim<\/em> before Birkat Ha-mazon<\/em> may do so on Yom Kippur as well. If one does not normally do so, he should not do so on Yom Kippur (9:5 below).<\/p>\n

One who eats at least a kezayit <\/em>of bread must recite Ya\u2019aleh Ve-yavo<\/em> during Birkat Ha-mazon<\/em> and mention Yom Kippur. If he forgot to do so, he does not repeat it. If Yom Kippur is on Shabbat, he should also recite Retzei<\/em>, but if he forgot, he does not repeat it.[9]<\/a><\/sup> One who is reciting Al Ha-mi\u1e25ya<\/em> should mention Yom Kippur. Needless to say, if he forgot to do so, he does not repeat it, since even on a normal Shabbat one who forgot to mention Shabbat in Al Ha-mi\u1e25ya<\/em> does not repeat it.<\/p>\n

Some say that a dangerously ill person who is eating on Yom Kippur must make \u201cHa-motzi<\/em>\u201d over two loaves of bread (le\u1e25em mishneh<\/em>). <\/em>Additionally, if it is Shabbat, he must make kiddush<\/em> before eating. However, according to most poskim<\/em>, one need not make kiddush<\/em> or use le\u1e25em mishneh<\/em> on Yom Kippur, and the halakha<\/em> follows them.[10]<\/a><\/sup><\/p>\n

\n
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\n[9]<\/a>. According to most poskim<\/em>, children and the dangerously ill, who eat on Yom Kippur, must recite Ya\u2019aleh Ve-yavo<\/em>. Since they may eat, and Yom Kippur is a mikra kodesh<\/em>, this must be mentioned in Birkat Ha-mazon<\/em> (Maharam; Rosh; Hagahot Maimoniyot<\/em>; Tur<\/em>; SA 618:10). However, according to others, Ya\u2019aleh Ve-yavo <\/em>should not be recited, as the mitzva to recite it applies only when there is a mitzva to eat (Shibolei Ha-leket<\/em> citing R. Avigdor Katz; Taz<\/em> ad loc. <\/em>10). In practice, Ya\u2019aleh Ve-yavo <\/em>should be recited, since this is the opinion of most poskim<\/em>. It does not constitute an interruption, and it includes nothing that is incorrect. However, one who forgot to recite it does not repeat Birkat Ha-mazon<\/em>, since according to those who maintain that Ya\u2019aleh Ve-yavo<\/em> is not recited on Yom Kippur, the repeated berakha <\/em>would be in vain (le-vatala<\/em>). MA (ad loc. <\/em>10) implies this, while \u1e24ayei Adam<\/em>, Pri Megadim<\/em>, and MB ad loc. <\/em>29 rule this way explicitly.<\/p>\n

[10]<\/a>. When Yom Kippur coincides with Shabbat, some maintain that a dangerously ill person must recite kiddush<\/em> before eating (Hitorerut Teshuva<\/em> 3:407; Hagahot R. Akiva Eger<\/em> 618:2 inclines this way as well, following the approach that making kiddush<\/em> where one eats is a Torah requirement). However, according to most poskim<\/em>, the sick person does not make kiddush<\/em>, as there is no mitzva to eat on Yom Kippur (SAH 618:18; \u1e24ayei Adam<\/em> 145:32; Or Same\u2019a\u1e25<\/em>, Laws of the Yom Kippur Service 4:1; Responsa Har Tzvi<\/em> O\u1e24 1:155; Igrot Moshe<\/em>, \u1e24M 1:39; Yaskil Avdi<\/em> 8:20; Mishnat Ya\u2019avetz<\/em> O\u1e24 \u00a759; SSK 39:33; \u1e24azon Ovadia<\/em>, p. 307). Knesset Ha-gedola<\/em> (O\u1e24 618, Hagahot Tur<\/em> 9) states that one must use le\u1e25em mishneh<\/em>. This is difficult to understand, though, as double portions of manna did not fall before Yom Kippur (since it was forbidden to eat then). One might respond that manna did fall to feed the sick and the children. Nevertheless, most poskim<\/em> maintain that le\u1e25em mishneh <\/em>is not required, and this is the conclusion of MA 618:10 and SAH ad loc. <\/em>18.<\/p>\n

    \n
  1. Akiva Eger writes in his responsa (\u00a724) that it is permissible to give an aliya <\/em>to someone dangerously ill who must eat, as the Torah reading is due to the holiness of the day, not to the fast. However, R. Akiva Eger is uncertain about doing this at Min\u1e25a<\/em>, as it is possible that its Torah reading was established because of the fast. One who ate le-shi\u2019urim<\/em> may get an aliya<\/em>. (See Peninei Halakha: Zemanim<\/em> 7:11 n. 15, where I write that at Min\u1e25a<\/em> on fast days, one should not give an aliya<\/em> to someone who ate more than a shi\u2019ur<\/em>. However, if such a person was mistakenly called up, he may accept, relying upon Responsa \u1e24atam Sofer<\/em> O\u1e24 \u00a7157. \u1e24atam Sofer allows this because he feels that on a fast day, the Torah reading is because of the day, not because of the fast. The same ruling applies to someone called up on Min\u1e25a<\/em> of Yom Kippur.) A long-time \u1e25azan<\/em> who has to eat le-shi\u2019urim<\/em> may continue as \u1e25azan<\/em> (\u1e24azon Ovadia<\/em>, p. 351).<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

    Children and dangerously sick people must recite berakhot before eating and drinking on Yom Kippur. If they eat or drink enough to require a berakha a\u1e25arona, they recite that as well. Someone dangerously ill who is drinking le-shi\u2019urim does not recite a berakha a\u1e25arona, as he drinks less than a cheek-full each time, while a […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":10,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[191],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-10300","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-15-08"],"yoast_head":"\n07. Laws of Eating for Those Who Must Eat - Peninei Halakha<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/ph.yhb.org.il\/en\/15-08-07\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"07. Laws of Eating for Those Who Must Eat - Peninei Halakha\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Children and dangerously sick people must recite berakhot before eating and drinking on Yom Kippur. If they eat or drink enough to require a berakha a\u1e25arona, they recite that as well. 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