{"id":11045,"date":"2001-01-04T00:08:20","date_gmt":"2001-01-03T22:08:20","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/ph.yhb.org.il\/en\/?p=11045"},"modified":"2022-09-14T13:05:14","modified_gmt":"2022-09-14T10:05:14","slug":"13-04-08","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/ph.yhb.org.il\/en\/13-04-08\/","title":{"rendered":"08. The Hadas<\/em>"},"content":{"rendered":"

\u201cBoughs of dense-leaved trees (anaf etz avot<\/em>)\u201d are myrtle branches whose leaves grow in groups of three, look like braids, and cover the stem, making them look like densely-leaved boughs. Each group of three leaves must sprout from the same node, that is, from the same height; if a hadas<\/em> has one leaf higher or lower than the other two, it is referred to as a \u201cwild hadas<\/em>\u201d and is invalid (Sukka<\/em> 32b; SA 646:3). A healthy, vibrant hadas<\/em> normally has three leaves sprouting from each node. One need not be too exacting; as long as the three leaves appear to the naked eye to sprout from the same height along the branch, they are threefold, even if one is in fact slightly higher than the others.[5]<\/a><\/sup><\/p>\n

Three hadasim<\/em> must be taken together with the lulav<\/em>, and each must be at least 3 tefa\u1e25im<\/em> tall (c. 24 cm; under pressing circumstances, 19 cm). There is no limit on how long a hadas<\/em> may be. Even if it is very long indeed, it is still kosher, but when bundling the hadasim<\/em> and lulav<\/em> together, one should make sure that the lulav<\/em> extends at least a tefa\u1e25<\/em> higher than the hadasim<\/em> (SA 650:1-2; see 5:2 below).<\/p>\n

Le-khathila<\/em>, the threefold leaves must cover the full length of 3 tefa\u1e25im<\/em>, as some maintain that the hadas<\/em> is invalid otherwise (Ge\u2019onim). However, in practice, if the threefold leaves cover most of the 3 tefa\u1e25im<\/em>, the hadas<\/em> is kosher, as this is the position of most poskim<\/em> (Raavad; Rosh; SA 646:5). Even if the branch is 4 tefa\u1e25im<\/em> long or more, as long as the threefold leaves cover the majority of 3 tefa\u1e25im<\/em>, it is kosher. If there are at least 3 full tefa\u1e25im<\/em> of threefold leaves, even if the branch also has leaves that are not threefold, the hadas<\/em> is kosher even for the most scrupulous (Ba\u1e25<\/em>; see BHL 646:9, end of s.v. \u201cu-le\u2019ikuva\u201d).[6]<\/a><\/sup><\/p>\n

The hadas<\/em> produces small berries. They start out green and turn red and black. If the berries are green, the hadas<\/em> is kosher. If they are red or black, and the number of berries exceeds the number of leaves across 3 tefa\u1e25im<\/em>, the hadas<\/em> is invalid because it is of a spotted color. If one picks off the berries, it reverts to being kosher, but one may not remove the berries on Yom Tov, as it looks like he is fixing something (Sukka<\/em> 33b; SA 646:2, 11).<\/p>\n

Sometimes additional branches grow between the leaves. It is recommended to prune them (SHT 646:36).<\/p>\n

If the top of a hadas<\/em> is truncated, it is preferable to take a different one, as some maintain that such a hadas<\/em> is invalid (Raavad; Ha-ma\u2019or<\/em>). If no other hadas<\/em> is available, the branch should be cut in such a way that the leaves hide the truncated part, and then one may recite a berakha<\/em> on it (SA 646:10; SHT ad loc. <\/em>32).<\/p>\n

A hadas<\/em> whose leaves have withered is still kosher. However, if it has become completely desiccated, to the point that it crumbles to the touch and lost all its greenness, it is invalid. If the hadas<\/em> was soaked in water for a day and is no longer blanched and crumbly, we see it was not entirely desiccated, and it is kosher (SA 646:6-7; MB ad loc<\/em>. 20).<\/p>\n

\n
\n
\n[5]<\/a>. Sometimes, the leaves look threefold at first glance, but upon closer examination, it becomes clear that one leaf is a little higher than the others. Nevertheless, the principle is that if the leaves look threefold at first glance, they are deemed threefold. This is evident from the practice of many poskim<\/em>, who give the hadas <\/em>a cursory glance, and therefore this is the halakha<\/em>. (See Har\u1e25avot<\/em> 4:8:1.) Some are more meticulous, but even according to them, if the petiole of all three leaves intersects a common plane, it is kosher. The petiole (the part of the leaf that connects to the stem) is generally at least 2 mm long, so if one leaf is 1.5 mm higher than the others, all three still intersect a common horizontal plane \u2013 some at the top of the petiole and some at its base.<\/p>\n

[6]<\/a>. See above, n. 4. According to R. Naeh, hadasim<\/em> must be 24 cm long. According to the updated measurements they must be 22.8 cm long, and 19 cm under pressing circumstances. (According to \u1e24azon Ish, they must be 28.8 cm long.) The length is determined by measuring the branch, not including the leaves that extend beyond it. To fulfill the mitzva le-khat\u1e25ila<\/em>, the branch should be measured from where the lowest leaves start growing. When calculating whether threefold leaves cover the majority, most of the length of the branch must be threefold, and le-khat\u1e25ila <\/em>most of the nodes must be threefold. If initially there were three leaves at each node, and one leaf per node fell off, some say it is kosher (Ra\u2019ah; Rabbeinu Yeru\u1e25am; Ritva), and others disqualify it (Ran; Beit Yosef<\/em>). According to many A\u1e25aronim, one may be lenient under pressing circumstances (SHT 646:21).<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

\u201cBoughs of dense-leaved trees (anaf etz avot)\u201d are myrtle branches whose leaves grow in groups of three, look like braids, and cover the stem, making them look like densely-leaved boughs. Each group of three leaves must sprout from the same node, that is, from the same height; if a hadas has one leaf higher or […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":10,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[210],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-11045","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-13-04"],"yoast_head":"\n08. 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