{"id":11073,"date":"2001-01-05T00:08:20","date_gmt":"2001-01-04T22:08:20","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/ph.yhb.org.il\/en\/?p=11073"},"modified":"2022-09-14T13:28:11","modified_gmt":"2022-09-14T10:28:11","slug":"13-05-08","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/ph.yhb.org.il\/en\/13-05-08\/","title":{"rendered":"08. Muktzeh<\/em> and the Four Species"},"content":{"rendered":"

Once the four species have been taken on the first day, they are considered to be set aside (muktzeh<\/em>) for the mitzva and may not be used for any other purpose. Therefore, one may not eat the etrog<\/em> or smell the hadasim<\/em> during the festival. One may not even use the hadasim<\/em> for havdala<\/em> after Shabbat. Even if the etrog<\/em> or hadasim<\/em> become invalid during the course of Sukkot, they are still muktzeh<\/em> until the end of the festival (SA 653:1 and 665:1).<\/p>\n

It is, however, permissible to smell an etrog<\/em>, because its primary purpose is for eating, so it is muktzeh<\/em> only in this regard; it is not muktzeh<\/em> with respect to its aroma (Sukka<\/em> 37b). If one picks up an etrog<\/em> with the idea of fulfilling the mitzva and also enjoying its smell, uncertainty arises regarding the proper berakha<\/em>. Some say that since he is deriving pleasure from its fragrance, he should recite the berakha<\/em> of \u201cWho gives pleasant fragrance to fruits.\u201d Others say that since the primary reason he is picking it up is to fulfill the mitzva, he should not recite this berakha<\/em>. In order to remove this uncertainty, it is proper for one to have in mind when picking up the etrog<\/em> that he is doing so in order to fulfill the mitzva and not to enjoy its scent (SA 216:14 and 653:1). However, if someone wishes to smell the etrog<\/em> at a time when he is not fulfilling the mitzva, he recites the berakha<\/em> of \u201cWho gives pleasant fragrance to fruits.\u201d[6]<\/a><\/sup><\/p>\n

When the festival ends, the species cease being muktzeh<\/em> and may be used for any purpose. However, they may not be treated disrespectfully; for instance, they may not be stepped on or thrown into the garbage (SA 664:8).<\/p>\n

If one had in mind before taking the four species that they would not become muktzeh<\/em>, but rather could be used in whatever way he wanted, this condition is effective. They do not become muktzeh<\/em> and can be used without restriction during the festival.[7]<\/a><\/sup><\/p>\n

\n
\n
\n[6]<\/a>. The Gemara (Sukka<\/em> 37b) states: \u201cRabba said: A hadas<\/em> used to fulfill the mitzva may not be smelled, while an etrog<\/em> used to fulfill the mitzva may be smelled. Why? A hadas<\/em> is for smelling, so when it is set aside [for the mitzva], it is set aside from smelling. An etrog<\/em> is for eating, so when it is set aside [for the mitzva], it is set aside from eating.\u201d When one picks up the etrog<\/em> in order to fulfill the mitzva, he may smell it incidentally. However, he does not recite the berakha<\/em>, just as one does not recite a berakha<\/em> if he happened to smell a fruit in the course of eating it. What if one picks up the etrog<\/em> and has in mind to smell it? According to Raavya, Raavan, and Roke\u2019a\u1e25<\/em>, he is then obligated to recite the berakha<\/em>, but according to Rabbeinu Sim\u1e25a, he does not recite it, since the etrog<\/em>\u2019s status as a mitzva object annuls its status as an aromatic object. Rabbeinu Peretz writes that in order to avoid this uncertainty, it is preferable to avoid smelling the etrog<\/em> (cited in SA 216:14 and 653:1). What if one picks up the etrog<\/em> at a different time in order to smell it? According to most Rishonim, Maharshal, MA, and \u1e24avot Ya\u2019ir<\/em>, he recites the berakha<\/em>, but according to Rabbeinu Sim\u1e25a, Taz<\/em>, Eliya Rabba<\/em>, \u1e24ayei Adam<\/em>, and Seder Birkhot Ha-nehenin<\/em>, he does not recite it. Mainstream halakha <\/em>follows the view that the berakha <\/em>is recited, as this is the plain meaning of Sukka<\/em> 37b. So state MB 216:52, BHL s.v. \u201cha-meri\u2019a\u1e25,\u201d and \u1e24azon Ovadia:<\/em> Hilkhot Berakhot<\/em>, p. 327. Additionally, if one is in the habit of smelling his etrog<\/em> and reciting the berakha<\/em>, it is as if he has made a condition that the etrog<\/em> would not become muktzeh<\/em> for smelling purposes, and thus even those who are stringent allow him to recite the berakha<\/em>. (See BHL 664:9 s.v. \u201cim.\u201d)<\/p>\n

[7]<\/a>. Sukka<\/em> 46b states that if one set aside seven etrogim<\/em>, one per day for each of the seven days of the festival, then each etrog<\/em> becomes muktzeh<\/em> on its designated day; however, once that day is over, it is permissible to eat that day\u2019s etrog<\/em>. This is the ruling of SA 665:2. If one made a condition from the start that the four species would not become muktzeh<\/em>, then they do not, and they may be used freely. Bi\u2019ur Halakha<\/em> explains that according to Tosafot<\/em>, on the first Yom Tov, when the four species must be whole, this condition does not take effect. It is only for the rest of the festival that it is effective. However, according to Rashba, Ran, and Yere\u2019im<\/em>, the condition is effective even on the first Yom Tov, and this is the position cited in SA 664:9 (BHL 664:9 s.v. \u201cim\u201d).<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Once the four species have been taken on the first day, they are considered to be set aside (muktzeh) for the mitzva and may not be used for any other purpose. Therefore, one may not eat the etrog or smell the hadasim during the festival. One may not even use the hadasim for havdala after […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":10,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[211],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-11073","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-13-05"],"yoast_head":"\n08. 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