{"id":12144,"date":"2026-07-10T00:01:51","date_gmt":"2026-07-09T21:01:51","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/ph.yhb.org.il\/en\/?p=12144"},"modified":"2026-08-05T11:50:02","modified_gmt":"2026-08-05T08:50:02","slug":"17-10-01","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/ph.yhb.org.il\/en\/17-10-01\/","title":{"rendered":"01. The Nusach for Separating Terumot and Ma\u2019asrot, with a Simple Explanation"},"content":{"rendered":"<p style=\"direction: ltr\">Introduction: The <em>terumot<\/em> must be separated and removed from the produce, because they are designated for the kohanim and are sacred. Since they cannot be eaten today, they are wrapped and placed in the garbage. By contrast, the <em>ma\u2019asrot<\/em> are separated by designating a specific place among the produce \u2013 for example, the right side or the north side \u2013 thereby setting them apart from the rest. That designation is made so that the value of <em>ma\u2019aser rishon<\/em> can later be given to a levi, the value of <em>ma\u2019aser ani<\/em> to a poor person, and <em>ma\u2019aser sheni<\/em> can be redeemed onto a <em>peruta<\/em>. Afterward, the produce designated as <em>ma\u2019asrot<\/em> is eaten together with the rest. Alternatively, one may physically separate the produce for <em>ma\u2019aser rishon<\/em> and <em>ma\u2019aser ani<\/em> and give it to a levi and a poor person; this is an enhancement of the mitzva, as explained above, 9:10.<\/p>\n<p style=\"direction: ltr\">When it is clear that <em>terumot<\/em> and <em>ma\u2019asrot<\/em> have not been separated from the produce, one recites a berakha. When there is doubt, one does not recite a berakha.<\/p>\n<p style=\"direction: ltr\">The <em>nusach<\/em> of the <em>berakha<\/em> is: \u201c<em>Barukh ata Adonai Eloheinu Melekh ha-olam, asher kideshanu be-mitzvotav ve-tzivanu le-hafrish terumot u-ma\u2019asrot.<\/em>\u201d (Blessed are You, Lord our God, King of the universe, Who has sanctified us with His mitzvot and commanded us to separate <em>terumot<\/em> and <em>ma\u2019asrot<\/em>.)<\/p>\n<p style=\"direction: ltr\">After reciting the berakha, one takes a little more than one percent of the produce and separates it from the rest. This portion is designated for <em>teruma gedola<\/em> and <em>terumat ma\u2019aser<\/em>. One then says: \u201cThe portion in excess of one-hundredth of what I have separated, which is located on my right side, shall be <em>teruma gedola<\/em>.\u201d<\/p>\n<p style=\"direction: ltr\">The portion initially separated contains one percent plus a small additional amount; the amount beyond the one percent becomes <em>teruma gedola<\/em>, and its place is on the right side of the produce designated for the <em>terumot<\/em>.<\/p>\n<p style=\"direction: ltr\">One continues: \u201cThe one-hundredth that remains here, together with nine equivalent portions on the right side of this produce, shall be <em>ma\u2019aser rishon<\/em>.\u201d This separates <em>ma\u2019aser rishon<\/em>. The produce itself, or its value, should afterward be given to a levi.<\/p>\n<p style=\"direction: ltr\">\u201cThat one-hundredth which I made <em>ma\u2019aser rishon<\/em> and which has been set apart from the produce shall be <em>terumat ma\u2019aser<\/em>.\u201d This separates <em>terumat ma\u2019aser<\/em>. The <em>terumot<\/em> should then be wrapped and placed in the garbage.<\/p>\n<p style=\"direction: ltr\">\u201cA tenth of what remains, on the left side of the produce, shall be <em>ma\u2019aser sheni<\/em>. If <em>ma\u2019aser ani<\/em> applies to this produce, it shall be <em>ma\u2019aser ani<\/em>.\u201d This refers to ten percent of what remains after what has already been separated. This designates the place of the <em>ma\u2019aser sheni<\/em> or <em>ma\u2019aser ani<\/em>. In the first, second, fourth, and fifth years of the shemita cycle, one separates <em>ma\u2019aser sheni<\/em>; in the third and sixth years, one separates <em>ma\u2019aser ani<\/em>. When one separates <em>ma\u2019aser ani<\/em>, he should afterward give the produce itself, or its value, to a poor person.<\/p>\n<p style=\"direction: ltr\">When one separates <em>ma\u2019aser sheni<\/em>, it must be redeemed in order to remove its sanctity. When the produce is certainly untithed and clearly from a <em>ma&#8217;aser sheni<\/em> year, one first recites the berakha: \u201c<em>Barukh ata Adonai Eloheinu Melekh ha-olam, asher kideshanu be-mitzvotav ve-tzivanu lifdot ma\u2019aser sheni.<\/em>\u201d (\u201cBlessed are You, Lord our God, King of the universe, Who has sanctified us with His mitzvot and commanded us to redeem <em>ma\u2019aser sheni<\/em>.\u201d)<\/p>\n<p style=\"direction: ltr\">If there is doubt, one redeems it without a berakha.<\/p>\n<p style=\"direction: ltr\">One then says: \u201cThis <em>ma\u2019aser sheni<\/em>, together with its fifth, shall be redeemed onto one <em>peruta<\/em> of the coin that I designated for redeeming <em>ma\u2019aser sheni<\/em>.\u201d<\/p>\n<p style=\"direction: ltr\">\u201cThis <em>ma\u2019aser sheni<\/em>\u201d refers to the produce whose place was designated on the left side. \u201cTogether with its fifth\u201d refers to the Torah\u2019s command to add a fifth when redeeming it. When necessary, one may redeem it onto food worth a <em>peruta<\/em>. In that case, he says: \u201cIt shall be redeemed onto this food,\u201d as explained above, 9:12.<\/p>\n<p style=\"direction: ltr\">The <em>nusach<\/em> can be difficult to follow at first reading. One can resolve this by reciting the main <em>nusach<\/em> printed here while reviewing the explanations in parentheses. In this way, one fulfills the mitzva.<\/p>\n<p style=\"direction: ltr\">On Pesa\u1e25 of the fourth and seventh years, one must perform <em>bi\u2019ur ma\u2019asrot<\/em>, including disposing of the money used to redeem <em>ma\u2019aser sheni<\/em>, as explained above, 7:12 and 9:13.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Introduction: The terumot must be separated and removed from the produce, because they are designated for the kohanim and are sacred. Since they cannot be eaten today, they are wrapped and placed in the garbage. By contrast, the ma\u2019asrot are separated by designating a specific place among the produce \u2013 for example, the right side [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":64,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[231],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-12144","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-17-10"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v28.0 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>01. 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