{"id":5447,"date":"2011-03-01T01:08:04","date_gmt":"2011-02-28T23:08:04","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/ph.yhb.org.il\/en\/?p=5447"},"modified":"2021-03-15T12:23:44","modified_gmt":"2021-03-15T10:23:44","slug":"04-01-0","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/ph.yhb.org.il\/en\/04-01-0\/","title":{"rendered":"08. One Inquires about the Laws of Pesa\u1e25 Beginning Thirty Days before Pesa\u1e25"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>We inquire about and expound upon the laws of Pesa\u1e25 beginning thirty days before Pesa\u1e25. We learn this from Moshe, who on Pesa\u1e25 itself explained the matter of <strong>Pesa\u1e25 Sheni<\/strong>, the make-up date for those unable to bring the Paschal offering, which takes place thirty days later. The main reason for this is that all of Israel had to prepare animal sacrifices as Pesa\u1e25 approached, examining them to be certain that they were free of disqualifying blemishes (<strong>Pesa\u1e25im<\/strong> 6a; <strong>Avoda Zara<\/strong> 5b).<\/p>\n<p>This enactment was not canceled even after the Temple was destroyed; it is proper to study the laws of Pesa\u1e25 thirty days before the holiday arrives. As is well known, Pesa\u1e25 has very many laws, pertaining to preparing the home for Pesa\u1e25, seeking and destroying <strong>\u1e25ametz<\/strong>, baking the matza, and the Seder. Some Rishonim maintain that the enactment applies specifically to Torah scholars, enjoining them to prioritize answering practical questions about the upcoming holiday. According to this view, there is no universal obligation to set a fixed time for studying the laws of Pesa\u1e25 (Ran and Rashba). Nevertheless, since many Rishonim maintain that it is indeed obligatory to set a fixed time for studying the laws of Pesa\u1e25 beginning thirty days before Pesa\u1e25, it is proper that every individual do so, beginning on the 14th of Adar (Purim). It is also proper for schools and <strong>yeshivot <\/strong>to set a fixed time for studying the laws of Pesa\u1e25 during this period.<\/p>\n<p>There is a dispute amongst halakhic authorities about whether one is obliged to study the laws of the other holidays thirty days in advance. Some say that this enactment was established primarily for preparing the animal sacrifices, and such sacrifices were in fact brought on the three pilgrimage festivals \u2013 the <strong>olat re\u2019iyah <\/strong>(pilgrimage burnt-offering), <strong>shalmei \u1e25agiga <\/strong>(pilgrimage peace offerings), and <strong>shalmei sim\u1e25a <\/strong>(festival peace offerings) \u2013 and it is therefore proper to study the laws of each festival thirty days in advance. Others say that the practice today primarily concerns Pesa\u1e25, since its laws are so numerous and strict (MB 429:1).<sup><a href='#_te01ftn1_1' id='_te01ftnref1_1' class='aup1'>[1]<\/a><\/sup><\/p>\n<p>These differences of opinion and distinctions concern advance preparations for the holidays. On the holidays themselves, however, there is an ancient enactment of our teacher Moshe to study the laws and spiritual meanings of that holiday (<strong>Megilla<\/strong> 32a, MA 429:1).<\/p>\n<div>\n<hr size=\"1\" \/>\n<div>\n<a href='#_te01ftnref1_1' id='_te01ftn1_1'>[1]<\/a>. <strong>Tosafot<\/strong> on <strong>Avoda Zara<\/strong> 5b, s.v. \u201cve-hatnan\u201d states that even after the destruction of the Temple this decree was not nullified. MB and BHL 429:1 reinforce the opinion that one must learn the laws of Pesa\u1e25 thirty days before and rejects Ran\u2019s opinion since most Rishonim disagree with him. This is also the opinion of many A\u1e25aronim, including SAH 429:1-3, which explains the issue thoroughly and states that this is a rabbinic decree (as opposed to the opinion of <strong>Ba\u1e25<\/strong>, which states that it is a Torah law). Conversely, see <strong>Yabi\u2019a Omer<\/strong> 2:222, which explains that Ran and Rashba maintain that the essence of the decree is to first answer a person who asks about the laws of Pesa\u1e25, since he is asking about a pertinent issue, and that this is the opinion of most Rishonim. (There is also debate about the position of SA itself: some infer that it concurs with Ran from the fact that it only mentions the term \u201cinquire\u201d; others reject this inference.) In practice, I used the terms \u201cmitzva\u201d and \u201cproper\u201d since not everyone agrees that this is an obligation. Moreover, even though according to <strong>Ba\u1e25<\/strong> this is in fact a Torah obligation, most authorities view it only as a rabbinic decree.<\/p>\n<p>It is also worth noting that some authorities maintain that the main obligation is for rabbis and Torah teachers to begin teaching the laws of Pesa\u1e25 thirty days before the festival, but there is no obligation on each individual. This is what <strong>\u1e24ok Yaakov<\/strong> states in 429:1, 3, adding in the name of <strong>Roke&#8217;a\u1e25<\/strong>, Raavan, and <strong>Kol Bo<\/strong> that even the reading of <strong>Parashat Para<\/strong> right after Purim was established to remind the people to purify themselves for the upcoming Pesa\u1e25. Similarly, many A\u1e25aronim write that this is the reason for the establishment of the custom to teach the laws of Pesa\u1e25 on <strong>Shabbat<\/strong><strong> Ha-gadol<\/strong>, as recorded in SAH and MB 429:2. Nevertheless, according to most authorities there is still a mitzva for every individual to delve into the laws of Pesa\u1e25 during the thirty days prior to the festival. BHL rules accordingly. However, there is arguably a greater obligation for rabbis and teachers.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>We inquire about and expound upon the laws of Pesa\u1e25 beginning thirty days before Pesa\u1e25. We learn this from Moshe, who on Pesa\u1e25 itself explained the matter of Pesa\u1e25 Sheni, the make-up date for those unable to bring the Paschal offering, which takes place thirty days later. The main reason for this is that all [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":10,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[16],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-5447","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-01-the-meaning-of-the-holiday"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v27.3 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>08. 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