{"id":5572,"date":"2011-03-04T08:01:13","date_gmt":"2011-03-04T06:01:13","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/ph.yhb.org.il\/en\/?p=5572"},"modified":"2021-03-21T10:24:14","modified_gmt":"2021-03-21T08:24:14","slug":"04-08-01","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/ph.yhb.org.il\/en\/04-08-01\/","title":{"rendered":"01.\u00a0Matza Ashira <\/strong>(\u201cEgg Matza\u201d)"},"content":{"rendered":"

The \u1e25ametz<\/strong> that the Torah forbids is comprised of flour and water. If flour was kneaded with fruit juice \u2013 even if the dough sits a full day and rises \u2013 it is not considered \u1e25ametz <\/strong>since rising of this kind is different from the type forbidden by the Torah. The category of \u201cfruit juice\u201d (\u201cmei peirot<\/strong>\u201d) includes wine, honey, milk, oil, and egg, in addition to all juices squeezed from a fruit, like apple or berry juice. Since fruit juice does not cause dough to become \u1e25ametz<\/strong>, one may knead, bake, and eat such dough on Pesa\u1e25. Nevertheless, one would not fulfill the mitzva of matza on the first night of Pesa\u1e25 with it, because the Torah calls matza \u201cle\u1e25em oni<\/strong>\u201d (\u201cpoor man\u2019s bread\u201d), whereas matza made from fruit juice is \u201cmatza ashira<\/strong>\u201d (\u201crich matza\u201d \u2013 colloquially known in English as \u201cegg matza\u201d), since it possesses more than the taste of just flour and water.<\/p>\n

If a drop of water gets mixed in with the fruit juice, the dough can become \u1e25ametz<\/strong>. Moreover, according to many poskim<\/strong>, the combination of water and fruit juice actually expedites the leavening process. Thus, in order to avoid such doubts, the Sages prohibited kneading dough with a mixture of fruit juice and water during Pesa\u1e25 (SA 462:1-3).<\/p>\n

Ashkenazic custom is to prohibit eating anything made of dough kneaded with fruit juice out of concern that water mixed with the fruit juice, causing the dough to become \u1e25ametz<\/strong>. Furthermore, it takes into account the opinion of Rashi, who disagrees with most Rishonim and maintains that fruit juice alone can cause something to become \u1e25ametz <\/strong>on the rabbinic level. Although in principle it is possible to follow the lenient ruling of the vast majority of poskim<\/strong>, Ashkenazic custom, which should not be altered, is nevertheless strict, except in the case of the elderly and ill, where the custom is to be lenient (Rema 462:4). Nowadays, many Sephardic poskim<\/strong> also rule stringently, because it is known that water and other ingredients are generally added to fruit juice, increasing the likelihood that the egg matza became \u1e25ametz<\/strong> (R. Mordechai Eliyahu).[1]<\/a><\/sup><\/p>\n

\n
\n
\n[1]<\/a>. There are two sugyot<\/strong> that pertain to this issue: the first is whether flour mixed with fruit juice can become \u1e25ametz<\/strong>, and the second is whether, in a case where water was added to the dough, one may knead the dough while being careful that it does not become \u1e25ametz<\/strong>. The first issue relates to the law that \u201cfruit juice does not cause \u1e25ametz<\/strong>\u201d (Pesa\u1e25im<\/strong> 35a). According to Rashi and those who agree with him, a flour and fruit juice mixture can become \u1e25ametz<\/strong> nuksheh<\/strong>, which is rabbinically forbidden. Most Rishonim maintain that flour mixed with fruit juice alone never becomes \u1e25ametz<\/strong>, but if any water got into the mixture, the mixture can become \u1e25ametz<\/strong>. There is a dispute about the severity of this \u1e25ametz<\/strong>: according to Rambam, it is \u1e25ametz gamur<\/strong>, and according to Rabbeinu Tam it is \u1e25ametz<\/strong> nuksheh<\/strong>. Pri Megadim<\/strong> states that all agree it becomes \u1e25ametz gamur <\/strong>when the majority of liquid in the mixture is water (BHL 462:2 s.v. \u201cmemaharim\u201d). See Berur Halakha ad loc. <\/strong>and Matza Ashira <\/strong>(Alba) 5:7-8.<\/p>\n

The second sugya<\/strong>, on Pesa\u1e25im<\/strong> 36a, concerns a tannaitic dispute about matza ashira<\/strong> on Pesa\u1e25. According to Rif and Rambam, the halakha<\/strong> follows R. Akiva that one is permitted to knead flour in a mix of fruit juice and water provided that one takes caution to prevent the mixture from becoming \u1e25ametz<\/strong>, just as one would with a standard flour-water mixture. This is also the opinion of R. Natronai Gaon and Me\u2019iri. Against them, many Rishonim maintain that one should not knead flour with fruit juice and water, since it turns into \u1e25ametz<\/strong> faster than does flour and water, but they disagree about what to do be-di\u2019avad<\/strong>. According to R. Hai Gaon and Behag<\/strong>, the halakha<\/strong> follows Rabban Gamliel that one is required to burn the kneaded dough. According to Rabbeinu \u1e24ananel, Ritz Gi\u2019at, and Rosh, the halakha<\/strong> follows the Sages that if one bakes the dough very quickly, he is permitted to eat it. This is the ruling of SA 462:2.<\/p>\n

Ashkenazic custom is to be strict out of concern for the view of Rashi and those who agree with him, who maintain that flour and fruit juice alone can become \u1e25ametz<\/strong>, or out of concern that some water will mix with the fruit juice. The parameters of what is considered water and what is considered fruit juice are discussed in SA 462:3 and 7 and \u00a7466 (and see the Encyclopedia Talmudit <\/strong>entry \u201c\u1e24ametz<\/strong>,\u201d <\/strong>pp. 89-99). Regarding Sephardic custom, R. Mordechai Eliyahu had a long-standing opposition to certifying matza ashira <\/strong>as kosher for Pesa\u1e25 out of concern that the fruit juice has been mixed with water or substances that have the status of water, like an agent that causes the dough to rise. (There are also grounds to forbid this because it catalyzes an action that resembles leavening, as explained in Pesa\u1e25im <\/strong>28a, in the commentary of Maharam \u1e24alawa, and in Matza Ashira<\/strong>, p. 178.) Over time, it became apparent that his concern was justified, and water and occasionally even agents that cause the dough to rise are added to fruit juice. Nevertheless, some authorities rule leniently; according to them, these leavening agents do not cause the dough to become \u1e25ametz<\/strong>. This ruling appears in Yabi\u2019a Omer<\/strong> 9:42 and Shema Shlomo<\/strong> 4:13-17. However, according to many authorities these agents are forbidden by the Torah, or at least rabbinically, and therefore they prohibit Sephardim from eating factory-produced matza ashira<\/strong> on Pesa\u1e25.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

The \u1e25ametz that the Torah forbids is comprised of flour and water. If flour was kneaded with fruit juice \u2013 even if the dough sits a full day and rises \u2013 it is not considered \u1e25ametz since rising of this kind is different from the type forbidden by the Torah. The category of \u201cfruit juice\u201d […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":10,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[61],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-5572","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-08-pesah-kashrut"],"yoast_head":"\n01.\u00a0Matza Ashira (\u201cEgg Matza\u201d) - Peninei Halakha<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/ph.yhb.org.il\/en\/04-08-01\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"01.\u00a0Matza Ashira (\u201cEgg Matza\u201d) - Peninei Halakha\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"The \u1e25ametz that the Torah forbids is comprised of flour and water. 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