{"id":5581,"date":"2011-03-04T08:05:16","date_gmt":"2011-03-04T06:05:16","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/ph.yhb.org.il\/en\/?p=5581"},"modified":"2021-03-21T10:26:00","modified_gmt":"2021-03-21T08:26:00","slug":"04-08-05","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/ph.yhb.org.il\/en\/04-08-05\/","title":{"rendered":"05.\u00a0Milk from an Animal That Ate \u1e24ametz<\/strong>"},"content":{"rendered":"

One issue that the foremost A\u1e25aronim dealt with is the status of milk which came from a cow that ate \u1e25ametz<\/strong>. Clearly the milk itself does not contain \u1e25ametz<\/strong>, for it was digested and completely transformed to the point that it is no longer considered \u1e25ametz<\/strong> at all. However, the cow was able to produce milk by virtue of the \u1e25ametz<\/strong>, and since it is forbidden to derive benefit from \u1e25ametz<\/strong>, perhaps it is forbidden to benefit from milk produced by the virtue of \u1e25ametz<\/strong>.<\/p>\n

The poskim<\/strong> agree that milk obtained from a cow before the onset of the prohibition of \u1e25ametz<\/strong> is kosher for Pesa\u1e25, because one is allowed to derive benefit from \u1e25ametz<\/strong> before Pesa\u1e25. Just as it is permissible to sell \u1e25ametz<\/strong> before Pesa\u1e25 and use the money to buy food for Pesa\u1e25, so too it is permissible to feed a cow \u1e25ametz<\/strong> before Pesa\u1e25 in order to produce milk that will be consumed on Pesa\u1e25.<\/p>\n

The dispute concerns milk from a gentile\u2019s cow that ate \u1e25ametz<\/strong> after the onset of the prohibition. Some are lenient, contending that since the \u1e25ametz<\/strong> prohibition does not apply to the animal of a gentile, its milk is not considered produced in a forbidden manner. Furthermore, \u1e25ametz<\/strong> alone does not cause milk to be produced. Rather, it must be combined with other foods and the animal\u2019s biological processes. Since the \u1e25ametz<\/strong> is only one factor, it is not prohibited. Against them, some poskim<\/strong> rule stringently that as long as \u1e25ametz<\/strong> is a factor causing production of milk, the milk is forbidden. Others say that if 24 hours elapsed between the eating of \u1e25ametz<\/strong> and the milking, the milk is kosher.<\/p>\n

If an animal owned by a Jew was fed \u1e25ametz<\/strong> in violation of halakha<\/strong>, one must be strict and not drink its milk, firstly because it is forbidden for the animal\u2019s owner to derive benefit from \u1e25ametz<\/strong>, and secondly because one may not assist those who violate the Torah.[6]<\/a><\/sup> The same applies to eggs and meat.<\/p>\n

During Pesa\u1e25, Tnuva, a major Israeli dairy producer (and perhaps others) only accepts milk from dairy farms that have been made kosher for Pesa\u1e25 and whose cows are not fed \u1e25ametz<\/strong>. In this case, it is unnecessary to be scrupulous and buy milk products before Pesa\u1e25, because even dairy products manufactured on Pesa\u1e25 are completely kosher for the duration of the holiday.[7]<\/a><\/sup><\/p>\n

\n
\n
\n[6]<\/a>. There are two factors in the production of milk: the cow\u2019s physiology and the food it eats. If the cow ate \u1e25ametz<\/strong>, the status of the milk is subject to the tannaitic dispute about something that is produced by multiple factors (\u201czeh ve-zeh gorem<\/strong>\u201d), one of which is permitted and the other forbidden (Avoda Zara<\/strong> 48b). In practice, SA YD 142:11 rules that something that is produced by a combination of two factors is permissible. Accordingly, the milk of a cow that ate \u1e25ametz<\/strong> is permissible.<\/p>\n

However, MA 445:5 (as well as Taz<\/strong>) states that due to the stringency of \u1e25ametz<\/strong>, which renders mixtures forbidden even in the smallest quantity, something produced by \u1e25ametz <\/strong>and another factor is forbidden. Nevertheless, most poskim<\/strong>, including SA, Shakh, <\/strong>and Gra, maintain that even in the case of \u1e25ametz <\/strong>\u201czeh ve-zeh gorem<\/strong>\u201d is permitted. SAH (445:10 and Kuntrus A\u1e25aron<\/strong>) concludes that the consensus of most poskim<\/strong> is to be lenient, and one may certainly be lenient in a situation of significant loss or an extenuating circumstance. This is also the view recorded in BHL 445:2.<\/p>\n

Some, however, argue that regardless of one\u2019s position on zeh ve-zeh gorem<\/strong>, milk from a gentile\u2019s cow that ate \u1e25ametz <\/strong>is permitted. As explained in Beit Ephraim<\/strong>, O\u1e24 35 (cited in Sha\u2019arei Teshuva <\/strong>at the end of \u00a7448), since \u1e25ametz<\/strong> is permissible for a gentile on Pesa\u1e25, we do not view the milk from his cow as having been produced by something from which one is forbidden to benefit. Nishmat Adam<\/strong> \u00a79 permits on different grounds: MA\u2019s stringency only applies when the \u1e25ametz<\/strong> is intact, unlike in the case of the milk. Responsa Mahari Aszod <\/strong>\u00a7127 and Responsa Maharam Schick <\/strong>\u00a7\u00a7212 and 222 rule likewise. Igrot Moshe <\/strong>O\u1e24 1:147 states that even if the gentile feeds his cow only \u1e25ametz<\/strong>, its milk is permissible even according to the strict opinions.<\/p>\n

On the other hand, Pri Megadim<\/strong> (in Eshel Avraham<\/strong> on \u00a7448) is concerned about causing benefit that derives from \u1e25ametz<\/strong>. Thus, there is still uncertainty if less than 24 hours passed between when the cow ate \u1e25ametz<\/strong> and the milking (if more than 24 hours passed, the milk is permissible). Yeshu\u2019ot Yaakov<\/strong> also states that one should preferably use milk that was extracted from the cow more than 24 hours after the cow ate \u1e25ametz<\/strong>, but if less than 24 hours passed, the milk is still permissible as long as the cow ate permissible foods in addition to the \u1e25ametz<\/strong> (because of zeh ve-zeh gorem<\/strong>; see MB 448:33). Some authorities ruled stringently: Kitzur <\/strong>SA 117:13 cites both opinions and concludes: \u201cOne who guards his soul should be strict, and especially in places where the prevalent custom is to be stringent, God forbid one should be lenient.\u201d Arugat Ha-bosem<\/strong> 2:138 states that even according to those who permit the milk, a righteous person (\u201cba\u2019al nefesh<\/strong>\u201d) should refrain from drinking it, since it has negative spiritual effects. Ben Ish \u1e24ai<\/strong> (Year One, Tzav 42) states that one should not drink milk from a gentile\u2019s cow out of concern that the gentile fed it \u1e25ametz<\/strong>. R. \u1e24ayim Palachi writes similarly in Ru’a\u1e25 \u1e24ayim<\/strong> 448:1.<\/p>\n

If the cow ate \u1e25ametz<\/strong> before the \u1e25ametz<\/strong> became prohibited and was milked after the \u1e25ametz<\/strong> became prohibited, the vast majority of poskim<\/strong> maintain that the milk is kosher for Pesa\u1e25. Sdei \u1e24emed<\/strong> mentions the opinion of Rinun Yitz\u1e25ak<\/strong> forbidding the milk of a cow that ate \u1e25ametz<\/strong> before Pesa\u1e25 and was milked after the \u1e25ametz<\/strong> became forbidden, and states that this goes too far, since all other poskim<\/strong> say that this milk would be permissible. Nonetheless, because of this opinion some act stringently and only purchase dairy products before Pesa\u1e25. Sdei \u1e24emed<\/strong> expands this topic in Ma\u2019arekhet \u1e24ametz U-matza <\/strong>2:4, and see Kaf Ha-\u1e25ayim<\/strong> 448:113 as well.<\/p>\n

[7]<\/a>. According to Nishmat Adam<\/strong> and Igrot Moshe <\/strong>O\u1e24 1:147, if a Jew feeds his animal \u1e25ametz<\/strong> on Pesa\u1e25, the animal\u2019s milk is kosher for Pesa\u1e25. Nonetheless, many others are stringent, not only because of zeh ve-zeh gorem<\/strong>, but because the Jew assists in the violation of a prohibition (\u201cmesayei\u2019a<\/strong>\u201d). In fact, I heard from R. Weitman, the rabbi of Tnuva, that all dairy products produced on Pesa\u1e25 are made from the milk of cows that did not eat \u1e25ametz<\/strong>, so that the milk will be acceptable to everyone and can be bought on Pesa\u1e25. Another potential problem was that straw and possibly some grain might stick to the cows\u2019 bodies as they wallow in mud, and these grains might accidentally get mixed into the milk. If the milk was produced before Pesa\u1e25, the taste of the grain is batel be-shishim <\/strong>even if it found its way into the milk, and since this is a liquid mixture even Rema (447:4) would agree that the taste of the \u1e25ametz<\/strong> is not \u1e25ozer ve-ne\u2019or<\/strong>. If the grain fell into the milk on Pesa\u1e25, however, it is not batel<\/strong>. Although in the present case it is uncertain that any grain fell in, it would nevertheless be commendable to buy dairy products before Pesa\u1e25. However, I heard from R. Weitman that Tnuva introduced the practice of filtering all the milk very thoroughly right after the milking, so that no grain that falls in would have enough time to flavor the milk. Thus, one may purchase dairy products on Pesa\u1e25 even according to the strictest opinions.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

One issue that the foremost A\u1e25aronim dealt with is the status of milk which came from a cow that ate \u1e25ametz. Clearly the milk itself does not contain \u1e25ametz, for it was digested and completely transformed to the point that it is no longer considered \u1e25ametz at all. However, the cow was able to produce […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":10,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[61],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-5581","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-08-pesah-kashrut"],"yoast_head":"\n05.\u00a0Milk from an Animal That Ate \u1e24ametz - Peninei Halakha<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/ph.yhb.org.il\/en\/04-08-05\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"05.\u00a0Milk from an Animal That Ate \u1e24ametz - Peninei Halakha\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"One issue that the foremost A\u1e25aronim dealt with is the status of milk which came from a cow that ate \u1e25ametz. 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