{"id":5725,"date":"2011-03-15T09:00:58","date_gmt":"2011-03-15T07:00:58","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/ph.yhb.org.il\/en\/?p=5725"},"modified":"2021-03-22T12:33:55","modified_gmt":"2021-03-22T10:33:55","slug":"04-15-09","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/ph.yhb.org.il\/en\/04-15-09\/","title":{"rendered":"09.\u00a0Pesa\u1e25, Matza, and <strong>Maror<\/strong>"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>The Mishna teaches: \u201cRabban Gamliel would say: \u2018Whoever does not say these three things on Pesa\u1e25 has not fulfilled his obligation, and they are: Pesa\u1e25, matza, and <strong>maror<\/strong>&#8216;&#8221; (<strong>Pesa\u1e25im<\/strong> 126a).<\/p>\n<p>This means that even one who cannot recite the entire Hagada must at least delve into the three food-related <strong>mitzvot<\/strong> of the Seder night. The Torah thus states regarding the mitzva to teach the child who does not know how to ask: \u201cTell your child on that day: \u2018It is because of this that God did for me when I left Egypt\u2019\u201d (Shemot 13:8), and the Sages teach: \u201c\u2018because of this\u2019 means when matza and <strong>maror<\/strong> are before you on your table\u201d (<strong>Mekhilta<\/strong> <strong>Bo<\/strong> 17). This teaches that one must at least reflect upon the reasons for the three foods we have been commanded to eat on the Seder night. Even though we are unable to offer the Paschal sacrifice nowadays, we are nonetheless commanded to recall its meaning.<sup><a href='#_te01ftn15_5' id='_te01ftnref15_5' class='aup1'>[5]<\/a><\/sup><\/p>\n<p>Because, as we have seen, the Seder is conducted in question-and-answer form, we recite: \u201cThe Pesa\u1e25 [sacrifice] that our ancestors would eat when the Temple still stood, what is it for?\u201d; \u201cThis matza that we eat, what is it for?\u201d; and \u201cThis <strong>maror<\/strong> that we eat, what is it for?\u201d<\/p>\n<p>The Paschal offering expresses Israel\u2019s special relationship with God, matza expresses freedom, and <strong>maror<\/strong> expresses the significance of the enslavement.<\/p>\n<p>The Paschal offering expresses Israel\u2019s special relationship with God because it recalls God\u2019s miraculous differentiation between Israel and other nations, slaying the Egyptian firstborn while \u201cpassing over\u201d the homes of the Israelites. One might say that Israel\u2019s special status is not obvious to all as long as the Temple lies in ruins, and so we cannot offer the Paschal sacrifice nowadays.<\/p>\n<p>The matza, though, which expresses our redemption from Egypt, is a perpetual mitzva, as we have never lost the freedom we obtained when we left Egypt and became wholly attached to God. This is true freedom, because only one who occupies himself with Torah is truly free. Even when we are enslaved among the nations, our spirit remains free, for the Torah allows us to transcend material enslavement.<\/p>\n<p><strong>Maror <\/strong>is a mitzva of rabbinic origin during periods when the Paschal sacrifice cannot be offered. <strong>Maror<\/strong> alludes to the pain and bitterness of the enslavement, and perhaps it is only when we are able to offer the Paschal sacrifice that we can grasp the full meaning of our suffering, which refines and purifies us, and understand how our salvation sprouted from all of our travails. Then, the mitzva to eat <strong>maror <\/strong>becomes <strong>de-Oraita<\/strong>. But when the Temple is in ruins and we do not have the privilege to bring the Paschal offering, we must still believe that all our suffering is for the good. Nevertheless, it is hard for us to understand the full meaning of our suffering and see how our salvation arises directly from them. Therefore, the mitzva of <strong>maror <\/strong>is <strong>de-rabanan<\/strong>.<\/p>\n<div>\n<hr size=\"1\" \/>\n<div>\n<a href='#_te01ftnref15_5' id='_te01ftn15_5'>[5]<\/a>. According to Ran and Ramban<strong>, <\/strong>one who recites the entire Hagada except for the sections about Pesa\u1e25<strong>, <\/strong>matza, and <strong>maror<\/strong> fulfills his obligation, albeit not in the optimal fashion. Some explain that according to Rambam (MT Laws of <strong>\u1e24ametz<\/strong> and Matza 8:4) and <strong>Tosafot<\/strong>, if one neglects to invoke Pesa\u1e25<strong>, <\/strong>matza, and <strong>maror<\/strong> he does not fulfill his obligation to tell the story of the Exodus. However, a literal reading of their words is not compelling, for it is possible they referred to one who did not tell the story of the Exodus at all. If such a person mentions Pesa\u1e25<strong>, <\/strong>matza, and <strong>maror<\/strong> he fulfills his obligation, and if not, he does not. See <strong>Berur Halakha<\/strong> on <strong>Pesa\u1e25im<\/strong> 116b which explains that the <strong>poskim<\/strong> debate the reason for mentioning Pesa\u1e25<strong>, <\/strong>matza, and <strong>maror<\/strong>. Some maintain that invoking them is necessary for the proper fulfillment of eating Pesa\u1e25<strong>, <\/strong>matza, and <strong>maror<\/strong>. Without explaining their meanings, one does not properly fulfill the <strong>mitzvot<\/strong> of eating them. Others maintain that invoking Pesa\u1e25<strong>, <\/strong>matza, and <strong>maror<\/strong> is needed to properly perform the telling of the Exodus. <strong>Binyan Tziyon<\/strong> \u00a730 suggests that <strong>Pesa\u1e25 Sheni<\/strong>, the make-up date for those who were unable to offer the Paschal sacrifice at its proper time, constitutes a practical difference between these two approaches: if invoking these elements is connected to the eating, one would still need to invoke them, but if it is connected to the telling of the story, one need not invoke them.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>The Mishna teaches: \u201cRabban Gamliel would say: \u2018Whoever does not say these three things on Pesa\u1e25 has not fulfilled his obligation, and they are: Pesa\u1e25, matza, and maror&#8216;&#8221; (Pesa\u1e25im 126a). This means that even one who cannot recite the entire Hagada must at least delve into the three food-related mitzvot of the Seder night. The [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":10,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[35],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-5725","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-15-the-hagada"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v27.3 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>09.\u00a0Pesa\u1e25, Matza, and Maror - Peninei Halakha<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/ph.yhb.org.il\/en\/04-15-09\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"09.\u00a0Pesa\u1e25, Matza, and Maror - Peninei Halakha\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"The Mishna teaches: \u201cRabban Gamliel would say: \u2018Whoever does not say these three things on Pesa\u1e25 has not fulfilled his obligation, and they are: Pesa\u1e25, matza, and maror&#8216;&#8221; (Pesa\u1e25im 126a). 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This means that even one who cannot recite the entire Hagada must at least delve into the three food-related mitzvot of the Seder night. 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