{"id":6186,"date":"2010-01-11T12:00:24","date_gmt":"2010-01-11T10:00:24","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/ph.yhb.org.il\/en\/?p=6186"},"modified":"2018-05-24T11:32:31","modified_gmt":"2018-05-24T08:32:31","slug":"02-11-12","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/ph.yhb.org.il\/en\/02-11-12\/","title":{"rendered":"12 – Praying in a Minyan vs. Abiding by the Times"},"content":{"rendered":"

Since the Chachamim<\/i> instituted the recital of Shema<\/i> together with its berachot<\/i>, and established praying the Amidah<\/i> immediately following, l’chatchilah<\/i> the time of Shacharit<\/i> should be set to allow people to succeed in reciting Shema<\/i> before the first three hours of the day have ended according to the Magen Avraham<\/i>.<\/p>\n

When the congregation is late to pray and there is concern that those praying will recite the Shema<\/i> after the time according to the Magen Avraham<\/i>, the people praying should be instructed to recite the paragraph of Shema <\/i>before beginning to pray. One who wishes to enhance the mitzvah should read all three paragraphs.[18]<\/a><\/sup><\/p>\n

When the congregation prays even later and recites the Amidah<\/i> after the time to pray has already ended according to the Magen Avraham<\/i>, the poskim<\/i> disagree as to what is preferable. There are those who say that it is better to pray in a minyan<\/i> within four hours according to the Gra<\/i>, because that is the opinion of the majority of poskim<\/i>. Further, the time of Shacharit<\/i> is rabbinic and we are lenient when there is uncertainty regarding rabbinic rulings. Additionally, in cases of extenuating circumstances one may recite Shacharit<\/i> until chatzot<\/i>. Therefore, it is best to pray in a minyan<\/i> as the Chachamim<\/i> established, even if the congregation prays after the time to pray has ended according to the Magen Avraham<\/i>. Nevertheless, there are those who say that it is better to pray individually at the proper time according to the Magen Avraham<\/i>, rather than to pray in a minyan<\/i> after the time to pray has ended according to him.[19]<\/a><\/sup><\/p>\n

However, if the minyan<\/i> is not conducted in accordance with the halachah and prays after four hours have passed according to the Gra<\/i>, all opinions agree that one must pray individually prior such a late minyan<\/i>.[20]<\/a><\/sup><\/p>\n

One who does not have tefillin<\/i> must not delay praying until after the time of Keriat Shema<\/i> and the Amidah<\/i>, when he will have them, since b\u2019dieved<\/i> one is permitted to fulfill the mitzvah of Keriat Shema<\/i> and the Amidah<\/i> without tefillin<\/i> (Mishnah Berurah<\/i> 46:33; further in this book 12:9).<\/p>\n

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[18]<\/a>.According to the majority of poskim<\/i>, only the recital of the first verse is a biblical obligation and therefore the Beit Yosef<\/i> and the Rama<\/i> section 46:9 write that it is good to say the first verse of Shema<\/i> in the Korbanot<\/i> passages so as to fulfill one\u2019s obligation of Keriat Shema<\/i> with its recital. The Mishnah Berurah<\/i> 46:31 writes that some say the whole first paragraph must be recited, while others say the first two paragraphs (because according to the Pri Chadash<\/i> both are biblical obligations). Ideally a person should recite all three paragraphs, because according to the Pri Chadash<\/i> it is good to fulfill one\u2019s obligation of remembering the Exodus during the time that one recites Keriat Shema<\/i>.<\/p>\n

However, according to the Gra<\/i>, based on the Ra\u2019ah<\/i>, it is not proper to fulfill one\u2019s obligation of reciting Keriat Shema<\/i> without its blessings. Nevertheless, in this case, in order to fulfill the obligation of reciting it within Magen Avraham<\/i>\u2019s time frame, it is better to recite it earlier by itself (Bei\u2019ur Halachah<\/i> 46:9, s.v. \u201cV\u2019Yotzeh<\/i>\u201d). Whoever sees that the congregation is going to miss the time of Keriat Shema<\/i> according to the Magen Avraham<\/i> by a few minutes, Shut Binyan Olam<\/i>, Orach Chaim<\/i> 4, writes that he may say it earlier with its berachot<\/i> and wait at \u201cShirah Chadashah<\/i>\u201d for the congregation, thereby meriting the recital of Keriat Shema<\/i> with its berachot<\/i> within the time of the Magen Avraham<\/i>, as well as prayer in a minyan<\/i>.<\/p>\n

Rabbi Akiva Eiger writes that a person who is uncertain as to whether he will succeed in reciting Keriat Shema<\/i> with its berachot<\/i> according to the time of the Magen Avraham<\/i> must recite it before then with a stipulation that if the halachah is like the Gra<\/i>\u2019s approach or if the congregation ends up reciting Keriat Shema<\/i> on time, he does not intend to fulfill his obligation with that recital, and will instead fulfill his obligation with the Shema<\/i> that he will recite together with its berachot<\/i>. However, Da\u2019at Torah<\/i> and Oneg Yom Tov<\/i> 3 write that a stipulation cannot be effective for a biblical commandment. Indeed, the Acharonim<\/i> are in disagreement regarding this. Most poskim<\/i> mention in practice the advice given by Rabbi Akiva Eiger, as written in Yalkut Yosef<\/i> 58:5 and Ishei Yisrael<\/i> 18:18.<\/p>\n

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[19]<\/a>.\u00a0Minchat Yitzchak<\/i> 3:71 writes that it is preferable to pray in a <\/span>minyan<\/i> at the time specified by the <\/span>Gra<\/i>. So writes the <\/span>Avnei Yashfeh<\/i> 8:12. By contrast, it is the opinion of<\/span> Rabbi Shlomo Zalman Auerbach<\/i> (brought by <\/span>Ishei Yisrael<\/i> 18, note 40) that it is preferable to pray individually at the time specified by the <\/span>Magen Avraham<\/i>. Likewise, regarding the Sephardic <\/span>minhag<\/i>, there is disagreement. <\/span>Minchat Yitzchak<\/i> writes there that according to <\/span>Sephardim<\/i> as well it is preferable to pray in a <\/span>minyan<\/i>, However, <\/span>Rav Abba Shaul<\/i> writes that <\/span>Sephardim<\/i> practice according to the <\/span>Magen Avraham<\/i> and it is preferable that they pray individually instead of in a <\/span>minyan<\/i> after the time of the <\/span>Magen Avraham<\/i>. The <\/span>Yalkut Yosef<\/i> 89:6 writes that whoever always practices according to the <\/span>Magen Avraham<\/i> and knows that he will have <\/span>kavanah<\/i> throughout the entire <\/span>Amidah<\/i>, it is preferable that he prays individually within the time of the <\/span>Magen Avraham<\/i>. However, if he cannot concentrate well, it is best that he prays with the congregation, for then his prayer is heard.<\/span>Chazarat HaShatz<\/i> must be concluded within the first four hours of the day (Mishnah Berurah<\/i> 124:7). The Or L\u2019Tzion<\/i>, part 2, 7:25 writes in a footnote that one may not start Chazarat HaShatz<\/i> after four hours have passed. Bei\u2019ur Halachah<\/i> 124:2 s.v. \u201cSheya\u2019avor<\/i>\u201d is uncertain regarding this, for perhaps since the time of prayer lasts b\u2019dieved<\/i> until chatzot<\/i>, it is possible to recite Chazarat HaShatz<\/i> even after the conclusion of four hours.<\/p>\n

[20]<\/a>.\u00a0When a person prays earlier than the congregation because the minyan<\/i> is late, some say he should pray outside the synagogue, and others say that because they are not practicing in accordance with halachah, he is permitted to pray earlier in their presence. See Mishnah Berurah<\/i> 90:35. It seems that if by his praying earlier in front of the congregation, the people will learn from him and pray earlier too, it is best that he prays in front of them, However, if they will not learn from his example, it is preferable that he prays individually elsewhere.<\/span><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Since the Chachamim instituted the recital of Shema together with its berachot, and established praying the Amidah immediately following, l’chatchilah the time of Shacharit should be set to allow people to succeed in reciting Shema before the first three hours of the day have ended according to the Magen Avraham. When the congregation is late […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":10,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[24],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-6186","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-11-the-times-of-keriat-shema-and-shacharit"],"yoast_head":"\n12 - Praying in a Minyan vs. Abiding by the Times - Peninei Halakha<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/ph.yhb.org.il\/en\/02-11-12\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"12 - Praying in a Minyan vs. Abiding by the Times - Peninei Halakha\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Since the Chachamim instituted the recital of Shema together with its berachot, and established praying the Amidah immediately following, l’chatchilah the time of Shacharit should be set to allow people to succeed in reciting Shema before the first three hours of the day have ended according to the Magen Avraham. 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