{"id":6517,"date":"2010-01-25T02:00:37","date_gmt":"2010-01-25T00:00:37","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/ph.yhb.org.il\/en\/?p=6517"},"modified":"2018-05-24T12:17:59","modified_gmt":"2018-05-24T09:17:59","slug":"02-25-02","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/ph.yhb.org.il\/en\/02-25-02\/","title":{"rendered":"02 – The Ma\u2019ariv Amidah"},"content":{"rendered":"

Yaakov Avinu established the Ma\u2019ariv<\/i> prayer, and based on this, Anshei Knesset HaGedolah <\/i>instituted praying Shemoneh Esrei<\/i> at night. They set the time of Ma\u2019ariv <\/i>to correspond to the offering of the organs and fats of the sacrifices, for whatever they did not succeed in burning during the day would be burned throughout the night (Berachot<\/i> 26b). However, Ma\u2019ariv<\/i> is optional (reshut<\/i>). It is a mitzvah to recite Ma\u2019ariv<\/i>, but not an obligation. Whoever wanted to engage himself in a different mitzvah, or had already gone to sleep, or found it difficult to pray Ma\u2019ariv<\/i> for another reason, was not required to do so. The reason that Shacharit<\/i> and Minchah<\/i> are different from Ma\u2019ariv<\/i> is that Shacharit<\/i> and Minchah<\/i> were instituted to correspond to the Tamid<\/i> offering of the morning and afternoon, specifically, to correspond to the sprinkling of their blood. Just as a person who does not sprinkle the blood does not fulfill his obligation of bringing the offering, so too, one is obligated to pray Shacharit<\/i> and Minchah<\/i>. However, Ma\u2019ariv<\/i> was instituted to correspond to the offering of the organs and fats upon the altar. Although it is a mitzvah to bring them, if they were not brought, the offering still remained valid. Therefore, the Ma\u2019ariv<\/i> prayer is optional.<\/p>\n

Nonetheless, throughout the generations, all of Israel became accustomed to praying Ma\u2019ariv<\/i>. Therefore, at the time of the Rishonim<\/i> it was established as obligatory. Even so, Chazarat HaShatz<\/i> is not recited in it, since, in essence, the prayer is optional. Thus, Chazal<\/i> did not institute an Amidah<\/i> repetition for it, to fulfill the obligation of the uneducated (Shulchan Aruch<\/i> 237:1).[1]<\/a><\/sup><\/p>\n

Women are exempt from praying Ma\u2019ariv<\/i>, even according to those who maintain that women are obligated to pray all the prayers instituted by the Chachamim<\/i>. A woman\u2019s obligation pertains to Shacharit<\/i> and Minchah<\/i>, which were established as obligatory, however, she is exempt from Ma\u2019ariv<\/i> which is optional. The men\u2019s minhag<\/i> of accepting upon themselves the recitation of Ma\u2019ariv<\/i> as an obligation does not apply to women.<\/p>\n

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[1]<\/a>. In Berachot<\/i> 27b, according to Rabban Gamliel the Ma\u2019ariv<\/i> prayer is obligatory, whereas according to Rabbi Yehoshua it is optional. According to Abayei it is obligatory, whereas according to Rava it is optional, and the halachah follows Rava. The majority of Rishonim<\/i>, among them Tosafot<\/i>, Talmidei Rabbeinu Yonah<\/i>, and the Rosh<\/i> (chapter 4, 2:7), maintain that \u201coptional\u201d (reshut<\/i>) here means that, indeed, there is a mitzvah to recite Ma\u2019ariv<\/i>, and it may not be cancelled without justification, though it may be cancelled for a minor reason, as I have written above. By contrast, according to Ba\u2019al Halachot Gedolot<\/i>, the word \u201coptional\u201d means that a person is permitted to abstain from praying Ma\u2019ariv<\/i> for no specific reason, although he maintains that if one customarily prays Ma\u2019ariv<\/i>, his minhag<\/i> obligates him to pray daily.The Rif<\/i> writes that today, there is an obligation to pray Ma\u2019ariv<\/i>. The Rosh<\/i> and Tur<\/i> section 235 write this as well. In Seder<\/i> Rav Amram Gaon<\/i>, he writes that Half-Kaddish<\/i> is recited between Birkot Keriat Shema<\/i> and the Amidah<\/i>, so as to separate between the obligatory and the optional sections. Even though, today, the prayer is obligatory, the minhag<\/i> to recite Kaddish<\/i> remains, in keeping with the essence of the original enactment. The opinions are summarized in Beirur Halachah<\/i> Berachot<\/i> 4b.<\/p>\n

Most poskim<\/i> say that someone who begins praying Ma\u2019ariv <\/i>and remembers in the middle of the Amidah<\/i> that he already prayed must stop praying immediately, like the law regarding Shacharit<\/i> and Minchah<\/i>, for indeed, everything that he prayed was to fulfill his obligation, but when it is clear that he already fulfilled it, he must stop (Bei\u2019ur Halachah<\/i> 107:1, s.v. \u201cPosek<\/i>,\u201d and according to many, that is also what is implied from the Shulchan Aruch<\/i> there). However, according to the Rambam<\/i> (10:6), he should continue his Amidah<\/i> as a voluntary prayer (tefillat nedavah<\/i>). The reason for this is that even nowadays Ma\u2019ariv <\/i>is, in essence, optional, therefore the <\/i>basic element of nedavah <\/i>within it <\/i>remains (that is also how Yalkut Yosef<\/i>, part 3, 236:11 rules). One who is uncertain as to whether or not he prayed Shacharit<\/i> or Minchah<\/i> must repeat his prayer, but regarding Ma\u2019ariv<\/i>, the Acharonim<\/i> disagree. The Mishnah Berurah<\/i> 107:2 writes that one should pray and add something new in the Amidah<\/i> (see earlier in this book 18:3). According to all opinions, one who forgot to pray Ma\u2019ariv<\/i> must make it up after Shacharit <\/i>(tashlumim<\/i>), and similarly, one who mistakenly forgot to recite Ya\u2019aleh V\u2019Yavo<\/i> in Ma\u2019ariv<\/i> of Chol HaMo\u2019ed <\/i>must repeat the Amidah<\/i> (see Beirur Halachah<\/i> 27b).<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Yaakov Avinu established the Ma\u2019ariv prayer, and based on this, Anshei Knesset HaGedolah instituted praying Shemoneh Esrei at night. They set the time of Ma\u2019ariv to correspond to the offering of the organs and fats of the sacrifices, for whatever they did not succeed in burning during the day would be burned throughout the night […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":10,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[49],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-6517","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-25-the-maariv-prayer"],"yoast_head":"\n02 - The Ma\u2019ariv Amidah - Peninei Halakha<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/ph.yhb.org.il\/en\/02-25-02\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"02 - The Ma\u2019ariv Amidah - Peninei Halakha\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Yaakov Avinu established the Ma\u2019ariv prayer, and based on this, Anshei Knesset HaGedolah instituted praying Shemoneh Esrei at night. 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