{"id":6958,"date":"2011-03-16T23:34:58","date_gmt":"2011-03-16T21:34:58","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/ph.yhb.org.il\/en\/?p=6958"},"modified":"2021-03-22T13:47:23","modified_gmt":"2021-03-22T11:47:23","slug":"04-16-34","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/ph.yhb.org.il\/en\/04-16-34\/","title":{"rendered":"34.\u00a0The <strong>Afikoman<\/strong>: Two Reasons, Two <strong>Kezeytim<\/strong>"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>As we have seen, according to most authorities the <strong>afikoman<\/strong> commemorates the Paschal sacrifice, which was eaten at the end of the meal (<strong>Ha-ma\u2019or<\/strong>, Ramban, <strong>Or Zaru\u2019a<\/strong>, Rosh, etc.). However, according to several major Rishonim (Rashi, Rashbam), the <strong>afikoman<\/strong> is actually the fulfillment of the fundamental mitzva of eating matza, which, they explain, must be eaten at the end of the meal along with the <strong>korban Pesa\u1e25<\/strong>. Since the Paschal sacrifice had to be eaten while satisfied, so must the matza. And even though we recite the <strong>berakha<\/strong> over the matza at the beginning of the meal, in their opinion the basic intention to fulfill the mitzva to eat matza must be at the end of the meal, when the <strong>afikoman<\/strong> is eaten.<\/p>\n<p><strong>Le-khat\u1e25ila<\/strong>, it is good to have both of these reasons \u2013 to commemorate the <strong>korban Pesa\u1e25 <\/strong>and to fulfill the mitzva of eating matza \u2013 in mind while eating the <strong>afikoman<\/strong>. According to both opinions, the <strong>afikoman<\/strong> must be eaten while reclining to the left. However, if one forgets to recline, there is a difference between them: According to the opinion that the <strong>afikoman<\/strong> commemorates the <strong>korban Pesa\u1e25<\/strong>, one need not eat another <strong>afikoman<\/strong> while reclining. According to the opinion that the <strong>afikoman<\/strong> fulfills the mitzva of eating matza, reclining is a <strong>sine qua non<\/strong>. Therefore, if one forgot to recline while eating the <strong>afikoman<\/strong>, he should preferably eat a second one while reclining. However, if one is full and will have a hard time eating another <strong>kezayit<\/strong> of matza, he need not eat the <strong>afikoman<\/strong> a second time; he may rely on the mainstream opinion that the <strong>afikoman<\/strong> commemorates the <strong>korban Pesa\u1e25<\/strong>. Moreover, even according to Rashbam, since one intended to fulfill the mitzva of eating matza at the beginning of the meal, he has fulfilled his obligation even though, for Rashbam, that was not the proper time to have such intention. Therefore, failing to recline while eating the <strong>afikoman<\/strong> does not disqualify the fulfillment of the mitzva.<\/p>\n<p>Some have a custom to eat two <strong>kezeytim<\/strong> of the <strong>afikoman<\/strong>, either because they want to show how desirable the matza is and thus eat a sizable portion to become fully satiated (Maharil), or because they want to allude to both reasons for eating the <strong>afikoman<\/strong>: one <strong>kezayit<\/strong> commemorates the <strong>korban Pesa\u1e25<\/strong> and another fulfills the mitzva to eat matza (<strong>Ba\u1e25<\/strong>). However, this is not obligatory, and if one does not want to eat two <strong>kezeytim<\/strong>, he may eat just one and still keep both reasons in mind.<\/p>\n<p>We have seen that, in simplistic terms, a <strong>kezayit<\/strong> is about a third of a machine-made matza, and two <strong>kezeytim<\/strong> are about two thirds. This calculation is based on the stringent view (<strong>Tosafot<\/strong>) of the size of a <strong>kezayit<\/strong>. But since eating the <strong>afikoman<\/strong> is a rabbinic mitzva and there is disagreement about whether one must eat a second <strong>kezayit<\/strong>, one may fulfill the mitzva of <strong>afikoman <\/strong>by eating one <strong>kezayit<\/strong> of one third of a matza and, if necessary, one fifth of a matza. We have already learned that whoever eats the matza without interruption will certainly finish it within a <strong>shi\u2019ur akhilat pras<\/strong>.<sup><a href='#_te01ftn16_31' id='_te01ftnref16_31' class='aup1'>[31]<\/a><\/sup><\/p>\n<div>\n<hr size=\"1\" \/>\n<div>\n<a href='#_te01ftnref16_31' id='_te01ftn16_31'>[31]<\/a>. SA states that one must eat a <strong>kezayit<\/strong> of matza for <strong>afikoman. Darkhei Moshe<\/strong> quotes Maharil that one must eat two <strong>kezeytim <\/strong>for <strong>afikoman<\/strong>, and similarly, MB states in 477:1 \u201c<strong>le-khat\u1e25ila<\/strong>, it is best to take two <strong>kezeytim.<\/strong>\u201d This is also the opinion of <strong>Kaf<\/strong><strong> Ha-\u1e25ayim <\/strong>477:1. <strong>Sefer Ha-\u1e25inukh<\/strong> \u00a721 implies that one can fulfill his obligation with less than a <strong>kezayit<\/strong>, and AHS 477:3 states that in an extreme situation one may use less than a <strong>kezayit<\/strong>, since the <strong>afikoman <\/strong>is only intended to commemorate the <strong>korban Pesa\u1e25<\/strong>. Several A\u1e25aronim write that one can have in mind to fulfill both intentions with just one <strong>kezayit<\/strong>.<\/p>\n<p>Regarding the size of a <strong>kezayit<\/strong>, see above section 23 and nn. 20 and 25; in cases of uncertainty regarding Torah commandments or <strong>mitzvot<\/strong> that require <strong>berakhot<\/strong> we follow the stringent view of <strong>Tosafot<\/strong> \u2013 that a <strong>kezayit<\/strong> is the volume of half an egg \u2013 but vis-\u00e0-vis rabbinic <strong>mitzvot<\/strong> over which no <strong>berakha <\/strong>is said, like eating the <strong>afikoman<\/strong>, one may follow the lenient view of Rambam that a <strong>kezayit<\/strong> is less than one third of an egg, or c. one fifth of a machine matza. When necessary, one even satisfies the requirements of the enhanced practice of eating two <strong>kezeytim<\/strong> with the smaller <strong>kezayit<\/strong>, as we have seen that according to many Ge\u2019onim and Rishonim a <strong>kezayit <\/strong>is the size of our common olive, and one fifth of a matza contains several <strong>kezeytim <\/strong>by this standard. Regarding <strong>shi\u2019ur akhilat pras<\/strong>, see above section 25 and n. 22.<\/p>\n<p>See section 25 for a discussion of the measurement of <strong>akhilat pras<\/strong>; in general, the most stringent opinion is that the time of <strong>akhilat pras<\/strong> is four minutes, and the median opinion is that it is between six and seven minutes. Since <strong>afikoman<\/strong> is a rabbinical decree and no <strong>berakha<\/strong> is recited on it, one can eat the <strong>afikoman<\/strong> in 6-7 minutes, and even if he ate it in nine minutes, he fulfills his obligation, since we follow the lenient view in an unclear situation vis-\u00e0-vis rabbinic <strong>mitzvot<\/strong> with no <strong>berakhot<\/strong>.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>As we have seen, according to most authorities the afikoman commemorates the Paschal sacrifice, which was eaten at the end of the meal (Ha-ma\u2019or, Ramban, Or Zaru\u2019a, Rosh, etc.). However, according to several major Rishonim (Rashi, Rashbam), the afikoman is actually the fulfillment of the fundamental mitzva of eating matza, which, they explain, must be [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":10,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[37],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-6958","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-16-seder-night"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v27.3 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>34.\u00a0The Afikoman: Two Reasons, Two Kezeytim - Peninei Halakha<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/ph.yhb.org.il\/en\/04-16-34\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"34.\u00a0The Afikoman: Two Reasons, Two Kezeytim - Peninei Halakha\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"As we have seen, according to most authorities the afikoman commemorates the Paschal sacrifice, which was eaten at the end of the meal (Ha-ma\u2019or, Ramban, Or Zaru\u2019a, Rosh, etc.). However, according to several major Rishonim (Rashi, Rashbam), the afikoman is actually the fulfillment of the fundamental mitzva of eating matza, which, they explain, must be [&hellip;]\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:url\" content=\"https:\/\/ph.yhb.org.il\/en\/04-16-34\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:site_name\" content=\"Peninei Halakha\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:published_time\" content=\"2011-03-16T21:34:58+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:modified_time\" content=\"2021-03-22T11:47:23+00:00\" \/>\n<meta name=\"author\" content=\"\u05e6\u05d5\u05d5\u05ea \u05d4\u05d0\u05ea\u05e8\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:card\" content=\"summary_large_image\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:label1\" content=\"Written by\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data1\" content=\"\u05e6\u05d5\u05d5\u05ea \u05d4\u05d0\u05ea\u05e8\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:label2\" content=\"Est. reading time\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data2\" content=\"4 minutes\" \/>\n<script type=\"application\/ld+json\" class=\"yoast-schema-graph\">{\"@context\":\"https:\\\/\\\/schema.org\",\"@graph\":[{\"@type\":\"Article\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/ph.yhb.org.il\\\/en\\\/04-16-34\\\/#article\",\"isPartOf\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/ph.yhb.org.il\\\/en\\\/04-16-34\\\/\"},\"author\":{\"name\":\"\u05e6\u05d5\u05d5\u05ea \u05d4\u05d0\u05ea\u05e8\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/ph.yhb.org.il\\\/en\\\/#\\\/schema\\\/person\\\/8822293bfa4f7cd35b44a3c311851b63\"},\"headline\":\"34.\u00a0The Afikoman: Two Reasons, Two Kezeytim\",\"datePublished\":\"2011-03-16T21:34:58+00:00\",\"dateModified\":\"2021-03-22T11:47:23+00:00\",\"mainEntityOfPage\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/ph.yhb.org.il\\\/en\\\/04-16-34\\\/\"},\"wordCount\":875,\"publisher\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/ph.yhb.org.il\\\/en\\\/#organization\"},\"articleSection\":[\"16 \u2013 The Seder Night\"],\"inLanguage\":\"en-US\"},{\"@type\":\"WebPage\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/ph.yhb.org.il\\\/en\\\/04-16-34\\\/\",\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/ph.yhb.org.il\\\/en\\\/04-16-34\\\/\",\"name\":\"34.\u00a0The Afikoman: Two Reasons, Two Kezeytim - Peninei Halakha\",\"isPartOf\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/ph.yhb.org.il\\\/en\\\/#website\"},\"datePublished\":\"2011-03-16T21:34:58+00:00\",\"dateModified\":\"2021-03-22T11:47:23+00:00\",\"breadcrumb\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/ph.yhb.org.il\\\/en\\\/04-16-34\\\/#breadcrumb\"},\"inLanguage\":\"en-US\",\"potentialAction\":[{\"@type\":\"ReadAction\",\"target\":[\"https:\\\/\\\/ph.yhb.org.il\\\/en\\\/04-16-34\\\/\"]}]},{\"@type\":\"BreadcrumbList\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/ph.yhb.org.il\\\/en\\\/04-16-34\\\/#breadcrumb\",\"itemListElement\":[{\"@type\":\"ListItem\",\"position\":1,\"name\":\"\u05d3\u05e3 \u05d4\u05d1\u05d9\u05ea\",\"item\":\"https:\\\/\\\/ph.yhb.org.il\\\/en\\\/\"},{\"@type\":\"ListItem\",\"position\":2,\"name\":\"34.\u00a0The Afikoman: Two Reasons, Two Kezeytim\"}]},{\"@type\":\"WebSite\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/ph.yhb.org.il\\\/en\\\/#website\",\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/ph.yhb.org.il\\\/en\\\/\",\"name\":\"Peninei Halakha\",\"description\":\"HaRav Eliezer Melamed\",\"publisher\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/ph.yhb.org.il\\\/en\\\/#organization\"},\"potentialAction\":[{\"@type\":\"SearchAction\",\"target\":{\"@type\":\"EntryPoint\",\"urlTemplate\":\"https:\\\/\\\/ph.yhb.org.il\\\/en\\\/?s={search_term_string}\"},\"query-input\":{\"@type\":\"PropertyValueSpecification\",\"valueRequired\":true,\"valueName\":\"search_term_string\"}}],\"inLanguage\":\"en-US\"},{\"@type\":\"Organization\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/ph.yhb.org.il\\\/en\\\/#organization\",\"name\":\"Peninei Halakha\",\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/ph.yhb.org.il\\\/en\\\/\",\"logo\":{\"@type\":\"ImageObject\",\"inLanguage\":\"en-US\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/ph.yhb.org.il\\\/en\\\/#\\\/schema\\\/logo\\\/image\\\/\",\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/ph.yhb.org.il\\\/en\\\/wp-content\\\/uploads\\\/sites\\\/10\\\/2020\\\/08\\\/logo-ph-.png\",\"contentUrl\":\"https:\\\/\\\/ph.yhb.org.il\\\/en\\\/wp-content\\\/uploads\\\/sites\\\/10\\\/2020\\\/08\\\/logo-ph-.png\",\"width\":300,\"height\":64,\"caption\":\"Peninei Halakha\"},\"image\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/ph.yhb.org.il\\\/en\\\/#\\\/schema\\\/logo\\\/image\\\/\"}},{\"@type\":\"Person\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/ph.yhb.org.il\\\/en\\\/#\\\/schema\\\/person\\\/8822293bfa4f7cd35b44a3c311851b63\",\"name\":\"\u05e6\u05d5\u05d5\u05ea \u05d4\u05d0\u05ea\u05e8\",\"image\":{\"@type\":\"ImageObject\",\"inLanguage\":\"en-US\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/secure.gravatar.com\\\/avatar\\\/4839847e1f630d0e0f5d54879b51b427c551b51611b74d6558e54ff6e69ce498?s=96&d=mm&r=g\",\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/secure.gravatar.com\\\/avatar\\\/4839847e1f630d0e0f5d54879b51b427c551b51611b74d6558e54ff6e69ce498?s=96&d=mm&r=g\",\"contentUrl\":\"https:\\\/\\\/secure.gravatar.com\\\/avatar\\\/4839847e1f630d0e0f5d54879b51b427c551b51611b74d6558e54ff6e69ce498?s=96&d=mm&r=g\",\"caption\":\"\u05e6\u05d5\u05d5\u05ea \u05d4\u05d0\u05ea\u05e8\"},\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/ph.yhb.org.il\\\/en\\\/author\\\/shlomit12\\\/\"}]}<\/script>\n<!-- \/ Yoast SEO plugin. -->","yoast_head_json":{"title":"34.\u00a0The Afikoman: Two Reasons, Two Kezeytim - Peninei Halakha","robots":{"index":"index","follow":"follow","max-snippet":"max-snippet:-1","max-image-preview":"max-image-preview:large","max-video-preview":"max-video-preview:-1"},"canonical":"https:\/\/ph.yhb.org.il\/en\/04-16-34\/","og_locale":"en_US","og_type":"article","og_title":"34.\u00a0The Afikoman: Two Reasons, Two Kezeytim - Peninei Halakha","og_description":"As we have seen, according to most authorities the afikoman commemorates the Paschal sacrifice, which was eaten at the end of the meal (Ha-ma\u2019or, Ramban, Or Zaru\u2019a, Rosh, etc.). However, according to several major Rishonim (Rashi, Rashbam), the afikoman is actually the fulfillment of the fundamental mitzva of eating matza, which, they explain, must be [&hellip;]","og_url":"https:\/\/ph.yhb.org.il\/en\/04-16-34\/","og_site_name":"Peninei Halakha","article_published_time":"2011-03-16T21:34:58+00:00","article_modified_time":"2021-03-22T11:47:23+00:00","author":"\u05e6\u05d5\u05d5\u05ea \u05d4\u05d0\u05ea\u05e8","twitter_card":"summary_large_image","twitter_misc":{"Written by":"\u05e6\u05d5\u05d5\u05ea \u05d4\u05d0\u05ea\u05e8","Est. reading time":"4 minutes"},"schema":{"@context":"https:\/\/schema.org","@graph":[{"@type":"Article","@id":"https:\/\/ph.yhb.org.il\/en\/04-16-34\/#article","isPartOf":{"@id":"https:\/\/ph.yhb.org.il\/en\/04-16-34\/"},"author":{"name":"\u05e6\u05d5\u05d5\u05ea \u05d4\u05d0\u05ea\u05e8","@id":"https:\/\/ph.yhb.org.il\/en\/#\/schema\/person\/8822293bfa4f7cd35b44a3c311851b63"},"headline":"34.\u00a0The Afikoman: Two Reasons, Two Kezeytim","datePublished":"2011-03-16T21:34:58+00:00","dateModified":"2021-03-22T11:47:23+00:00","mainEntityOfPage":{"@id":"https:\/\/ph.yhb.org.il\/en\/04-16-34\/"},"wordCount":875,"publisher":{"@id":"https:\/\/ph.yhb.org.il\/en\/#organization"},"articleSection":["16 \u2013 The Seder Night"],"inLanguage":"en-US"},{"@type":"WebPage","@id":"https:\/\/ph.yhb.org.il\/en\/04-16-34\/","url":"https:\/\/ph.yhb.org.il\/en\/04-16-34\/","name":"34.\u00a0The Afikoman: Two Reasons, Two Kezeytim - Peninei Halakha","isPartOf":{"@id":"https:\/\/ph.yhb.org.il\/en\/#website"},"datePublished":"2011-03-16T21:34:58+00:00","dateModified":"2021-03-22T11:47:23+00:00","breadcrumb":{"@id":"https:\/\/ph.yhb.org.il\/en\/04-16-34\/#breadcrumb"},"inLanguage":"en-US","potentialAction":[{"@type":"ReadAction","target":["https:\/\/ph.yhb.org.il\/en\/04-16-34\/"]}]},{"@type":"BreadcrumbList","@id":"https:\/\/ph.yhb.org.il\/en\/04-16-34\/#breadcrumb","itemListElement":[{"@type":"ListItem","position":1,"name":"\u05d3\u05e3 \u05d4\u05d1\u05d9\u05ea","item":"https:\/\/ph.yhb.org.il\/en\/"},{"@type":"ListItem","position":2,"name":"34.\u00a0The Afikoman: Two Reasons, Two Kezeytim"}]},{"@type":"WebSite","@id":"https:\/\/ph.yhb.org.il\/en\/#website","url":"https:\/\/ph.yhb.org.il\/en\/","name":"Peninei Halakha","description":"HaRav Eliezer Melamed","publisher":{"@id":"https:\/\/ph.yhb.org.il\/en\/#organization"},"potentialAction":[{"@type":"SearchAction","target":{"@type":"EntryPoint","urlTemplate":"https:\/\/ph.yhb.org.il\/en\/?s={search_term_string}"},"query-input":{"@type":"PropertyValueSpecification","valueRequired":true,"valueName":"search_term_string"}}],"inLanguage":"en-US"},{"@type":"Organization","@id":"https:\/\/ph.yhb.org.il\/en\/#organization","name":"Peninei Halakha","url":"https:\/\/ph.yhb.org.il\/en\/","logo":{"@type":"ImageObject","inLanguage":"en-US","@id":"https:\/\/ph.yhb.org.il\/en\/#\/schema\/logo\/image\/","url":"https:\/\/ph.yhb.org.il\/en\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/10\/2020\/08\/logo-ph-.png","contentUrl":"https:\/\/ph.yhb.org.il\/en\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/10\/2020\/08\/logo-ph-.png","width":300,"height":64,"caption":"Peninei Halakha"},"image":{"@id":"https:\/\/ph.yhb.org.il\/en\/#\/schema\/logo\/image\/"}},{"@type":"Person","@id":"https:\/\/ph.yhb.org.il\/en\/#\/schema\/person\/8822293bfa4f7cd35b44a3c311851b63","name":"\u05e6\u05d5\u05d5\u05ea \u05d4\u05d0\u05ea\u05e8","image":{"@type":"ImageObject","inLanguage":"en-US","@id":"https:\/\/secure.gravatar.com\/avatar\/4839847e1f630d0e0f5d54879b51b427c551b51611b74d6558e54ff6e69ce498?s=96&d=mm&r=g","url":"https:\/\/secure.gravatar.com\/avatar\/4839847e1f630d0e0f5d54879b51b427c551b51611b74d6558e54ff6e69ce498?s=96&d=mm&r=g","contentUrl":"https:\/\/secure.gravatar.com\/avatar\/4839847e1f630d0e0f5d54879b51b427c551b51611b74d6558e54ff6e69ce498?s=96&d=mm&r=g","caption":"\u05e6\u05d5\u05d5\u05ea \u05d4\u05d0\u05ea\u05e8"},"url":"https:\/\/ph.yhb.org.il\/en\/author\/shlomit12\/"}]}},"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/ph.yhb.org.il\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/6958","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/ph.yhb.org.il\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/ph.yhb.org.il\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/ph.yhb.org.il\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/10"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/ph.yhb.org.il\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=6958"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/ph.yhb.org.il\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/6958\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/ph.yhb.org.il\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=6958"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/ph.yhb.org.il\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=6958"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/ph.yhb.org.il\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=6958"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}