{"id":7110,"date":"2016-01-05T06:00:12","date_gmt":"2016-01-05T04:00:12","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/ph.yhb.org.il\/en\/?p=7110"},"modified":"2016-07-10T18:02:31","modified_gmt":"2016-07-10T15:02:31","slug":"01-05-06","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/ph.yhb.org.il\/en\/01-05-06\/","title":{"rendered":"06. Reading the Torah on Shabbat"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>An ordinance tracing back to Moshe mandates that Jews read from holy Torah scrolls written in ink on parchment every Shabbat, Monday, and Thursday (BK 82a). Due to the holiness and exaltedness of Shabbat, the Sages instituted that seven people should be called up to read from it, corresponding to the seven days of the week (<em>Megilla<\/em> 21a). In talmudic times, it took communities in Eretz Yisrael three years to cycle through the entire Torah, while in Babylonia it was completed annually. The current custom throughout the Jewish world is to complete the Torah each year on Sim\u0125at Torah. This is done by reading the weekly <em>parsha<\/em> each Shabbat. Each of the seven people called up to the Torah reads part of the <em>parsha<\/em> (referred to as an <em>aliya<\/em>); together they complete the entire <em>parsha<\/em>. If one Shabbat a congregation is unable to read the <em>parsha<\/em>, the next week it must read two <em>parshiyot<\/em> and make up for the one missed (Rema 135:2).<sup><a id=\"_ze05ftnref5_3\" class=\"aup1\" href=\"#_ze05ftn5_3\">[3]<\/a><\/sup><\/p>\n<p>If a congregation wishes to call up more than seven people to read, they may do so as long as each person reads a minimum of three verses. Some maintain that nowadays one should not add to the seven because that involves reciting additional <em>berakhot<\/em> \u2013 more than were instituted by the Sages. It used to be that the first person called up would recite a <em>berakha<\/em> before reading and the last person called up would recite a <em>berakha<\/em> after reading, but all the people called up in the middle would not recite <em>berakhot<\/em>. Later on it was instituted that everyone called up should recite a <em>berakha<\/em> before and after their <em>aliya<\/em>. This was due to concern that people who arrived or left in the middle of the Torah reading would not realize that a <em>berakha<\/em> was recited at the beginning and end of the <em>parsha<\/em>. Accordingly, nowadays each person who is called up recites two <em>berakhot<\/em>. Thus it is improper to add additional <em>aliyot<\/em>, which would involve the recitation of even more <em>berakhot<\/em>, beyond those instituted by the Sages. Furthermore, it is also important not to burden the congregation by extending the prayer service. Therefore, ideally a congregation should not add to the seven <em>aliyot<\/em>. However, in a time of need and to avoid offending someone deeply, one may do so (SA 282:1-2; MB <em>ad loc.<\/em> 4-5).<\/p>\n<p>Technically, an <em>aliya <\/em>may be given to a minor who is old enough to know to Whom <em>berakhot<\/em> are addressed. This is on condition that the majority of the seven people called up are adults. There are Sephardim who follow this position (SA 282:2; <em>Ye\u0125aveh Da\u2019at<\/em> 4:23). The Ashkenazic custom, and that of some Sephardim as well, is not to call up a minor to the Torah. There are some Sephardim who follow the position of Arizal and call up a minor for the seventh <em>aliya<\/em> but for no others (see MB 282:12; <em>Kaf Ha-\u0125ayim<\/em> <em>ad loc<\/em>. 22). The Yemenite custom is to call up a minor for the sixth <em>aliya<\/em>.<\/p>\n<div>\n<hr size=\"1\" \/>\n<div><a id=\"_ze05ftn5_3\" href=\"#_ze05ftnref5_3\">[3]<\/a>. Each person who reads from the Torah scroll recites two <em>berakhot<\/em>, one before the reading and one afterward. See <em>Peninei Halakha: Prayer<\/em> ch. 22 and <em>Collected Essays I<\/em> ch. 4. Each person who is called up introduces the first <em>berakha<\/em> with \u201c<em>Barkhu<\/em>.\u201d The Ge\u2019onim explain that if for reasons beyond one\u2019s control he missed the \u201c<em>Barkhu<\/em>\u201d normally recited before the <em>berakhot<\/em> introducing the <em>Shema<\/em>, he can compensate by hearing \u201c<em>Barkhu<\/em>\u201d seven times from the seven people called up on Shabbat to read from the Torah (<em>Shibolei Ha-leket<\/em> \u00a777).<\/div>\n<\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>An ordinance tracing back to Moshe mandates that Jews read from holy Torah scrolls written in ink on parchment every Shabbat, Monday, and Thursday (BK 82a). Due to the holiness and exaltedness of Shabbat, the Sages instituted that seven people should be called up to read from it, corresponding to the seven days of the [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[75],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-7110","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-01-05"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v27.6 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>06. 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Due to the holiness and exaltedness of Shabbat, the Sages instituted that seven people should be called up to read from it, corresponding to the seven days of the [&hellip;]\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:url\" content=\"https:\/\/ph.yhb.org.il\/en\/01-05-06\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:site_name\" content=\"Peninei Halakha\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:published_time\" content=\"2016-01-05T04:00:12+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:modified_time\" content=\"2016-07-10T15:02:31+00:00\" \/>\n<meta name=\"author\" content=\"\u05de\u05e0\u05d4\u05dc \u05d4\u05d0\u05ea\u05e8\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:card\" content=\"summary_large_image\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:label1\" content=\"Written by\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data1\" content=\"\u05de\u05e0\u05d4\u05dc \u05d4\u05d0\u05ea\u05e8\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:label2\" content=\"Est. reading time\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data2\" content=\"3 minutes\" \/>\n<script type=\"application\/ld+json\" class=\"yoast-schema-graph\">{\"@context\":\"https:\\\/\\\/schema.org\",\"@graph\":[{\"@type\":\"Article\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/ph.yhb.org.il\\\/en\\\/01-05-06\\\/#article\",\"isPartOf\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/ph.yhb.org.il\\\/en\\\/01-05-06\\\/\"},\"author\":{\"name\":\"\u05de\u05e0\u05d4\u05dc \u05d4\u05d0\u05ea\u05e8\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/ph.yhb.org.il\\\/en\\\/#\\\/schema\\\/person\\\/716cb852d9b9d1fb36cf3b60a4415178\"},\"headline\":\"06. 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