{"id":7509,"date":"2016-01-16T01:00:57","date_gmt":"2016-01-15T23:00:57","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/ph.yhb.org.il\/en\/?p=7509"},"modified":"2016-07-21T16:55:24","modified_gmt":"2016-07-21T13:55:24","slug":"01-16-01","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/ph.yhb.org.il\/en\/01-16-01\/","title":{"rendered":"01. The <em>Melakha<\/em> of <em>Hav\u2019ara<\/em>"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>The Torah states: \u201cBut the seventh day is Shabbat of the Lord your God; you shall not do any <em>melakha<\/em>\u201d (Shemot 20:9). The Sages explain that the intent of this verse is to forbid all 39 <em>melakhot<\/em> that were instrumental in erecting the <em>Mishkan<\/em>. One of these <em>melakhot<\/em> is <em>Hav\u2019ara <\/em>(kindling a fire), which was necessary to prepare dyes for the <em>Mishkan<\/em>\u2019s curtains. Nevertheless, the Torah explicitly mentions the prohibition of <em>Hav\u2019ara<\/em>: \u201cYou shall kindle no fire throughout your settlements on Shabbat\u201d (Shemot 35:3). The Sages ask why it was necessary for the Torah to single out <em>Hav\u2019ara<\/em>. R. Natan explains that the Torah was using one <em>melakha<\/em> to serve as an example, to teach us that while all 39 prohibited <em>melakhot<\/em> are derived from one verse (\u201cYou shall not do any <em>melakha<\/em>\u201d), nevertheless each and every <em>melakha<\/em> is an independent prohibition. Therefore, if one unknowingly performs multiple <em>melakhot<\/em>, he must bring a sin offering for each one of them (<em>Shabbat<\/em> 70a).<\/p>\n<p>The awesome power of fire allows man to rule over the forces of nature and harness them in his service. Through the use of fire, people created metal tools, improved food, and later created powerful machines. Perhaps this is why <em>Hav\u2019ara<\/em> was chosen out of all the <em>melakhot<\/em> to express man\u2019s tremendous ability to improve the world. However, on Shabbat every Jew must rest and rise above all creative activity. We must remember our Creator who took us out of Egypt, and we must enjoy Shabbat via Torah study and festive meals.<\/p>\n<p>At first glance, there is a basic question about the <em>melakha<\/em> of <em>Hav\u2019ara<\/em>. We have a ruling: \u201cAll destructive acts are exempt [by Torah law, but liable rabbinically]\u201d (<em>Shabbat<\/em> 105b). Therefore, if one tore an item of clothing or broke a utensil, he is not obligated to bring a sin offering. To be sure, he transgresses rabbinically, but not by Torah law. In light of this, and given that burning an item generally ruins it, why is lighting a fire on Shabbat considered a transgression of a Torah prohibition? The answer is that any time the positive elements provided by the fire (heating or lighting one\u2019s home) outweigh the loss of the burned item, it is classified as a constructive rather than a destructive act (MT 12:1; see <em>Kesef Mishneh<\/em>).<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>The Torah states: \u201cBut the seventh day is Shabbat of the Lord your God; you shall not do any melakha\u201d (Shemot 20:9). The Sages explain that the intent of this verse is to forbid all 39 melakhot that were instrumental in erecting the Mishkan. One of these melakhot is Hav\u2019ara (kindling a fire), which was [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[86],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-7509","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-01-16"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v27.3 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>01. The Melakha of Hav\u2019ara - Peninei Halakha<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/ph.yhb.org.il\/en\/01-16-01\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"01. The Melakha of Hav\u2019ara - Peninei Halakha\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"The Torah states: \u201cBut the seventh day is Shabbat of the Lord your God; you shall not do any melakha\u201d (Shemot 20:9). The Sages explain that the intent of this verse is to forbid all 39 melakhot that were instrumental in erecting the Mishkan. One of these melakhot is Hav\u2019ara (kindling a fire), which was [&hellip;]\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:url\" content=\"https:\/\/ph.yhb.org.il\/en\/01-16-01\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:site_name\" content=\"Peninei Halakha\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:published_time\" content=\"2016-01-15T23:00:57+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:modified_time\" content=\"2016-07-21T13:55:24+00:00\" \/>\n<meta name=\"author\" content=\"\u05de\u05e0\u05d4\u05dc \u05d4\u05d0\u05ea\u05e8\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:card\" content=\"summary_large_image\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:label1\" content=\"Written by\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data1\" content=\"\u05de\u05e0\u05d4\u05dc \u05d4\u05d0\u05ea\u05e8\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:label2\" content=\"Est. reading time\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data2\" content=\"2 minutes\" \/>\n<script type=\"application\/ld+json\" class=\"yoast-schema-graph\">{\"@context\":\"https:\\\/\\\/schema.org\",\"@graph\":[{\"@type\":\"Article\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/ph.yhb.org.il\\\/en\\\/01-16-01\\\/#article\",\"isPartOf\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/ph.yhb.org.il\\\/en\\\/01-16-01\\\/\"},\"author\":{\"name\":\"\u05de\u05e0\u05d4\u05dc \u05d4\u05d0\u05ea\u05e8\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/ph.yhb.org.il\\\/en\\\/#\\\/schema\\\/person\\\/716cb852d9b9d1fb36cf3b60a4415178\"},\"headline\":\"01. 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