{"id":7512,"date":"2016-01-16T04:00:04","date_gmt":"2016-01-16T02:00:04","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/ph.yhb.org.il\/en\/?p=7512"},"modified":"2016-07-21T16:55:34","modified_gmt":"2016-07-21T13:55:34","slug":"01-16-04","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/ph.yhb.org.il\/en\/01-16-04\/","title":{"rendered":"04. Shabbat Candles"},"content":{"rendered":"

While a candle is burning at home, one must be careful not to open a window or door facing it, as the wind may blow out the flame. Even if the wind outside is currently too weak to put out a candle, one still may not open a window, since it might happen that at the very moment when the window is opened, the wind will become stronger and blow out the candle. If this happens, it would mean that the act of opening the window blew out the candle. When there is no wind whatsoever, some permit opening the window, while others forbid it. In a case of necessity, such as when it is hot inside the room, one may follow the lenient position, and the window may be opened (MB 277:3).<\/p>\n

One may open a window or door if even a strong wind would be unable to extinguish the candle; for example, if the candle is at a great distance from the window or door, or if the window is at such an angle that very little wind comes through it. Even if the wind is likely to affect the flame and cause it to flicker, as long as it is not powerful enough to blow it out, one may open the door or window (SA 277:1; Menu\u0125at Ahava<\/em> 3:26 n. 6).<\/p>\n

If Shabbat candles were lit in front of an open window and then the wind started blowing, the window may be closed in order to protect the flame. By closing the window, one is not acting directly on the flame itself; one is merely preventing the wind from blowing it out (Rema 277:1).<\/p>\n

Similarly, one may close a door in a place where a fire is burning (such as a room with a fireplace), even if the wind coming in is blowing on the coals and fanning the flame, and closing the door will weaken the fire. Closing the door is not considered an act of extinguishing, since it merely prevents more wind from entering and feeding the flame (SA 277:2). In contrast, if the fire is fueled by gas or kerosene, one may not turn down the flow of the fuel. This truly qualifies as extinguishing, since one is acting directly on the fuel itself (SA 265:1).[1]<\/a><\/sup><\/p>\n

\n
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[1]<\/a>. Beitza<\/em> 22a states: \u201cOne who adds oil to a lamp is liable on account of Mav\u2019ir<\/em>, and one who takes some away is liable on account of Mekhabeh<\/em>.\u201d According to Tosafot<\/em>, the reason one is liable for removing oil is that when he does this, the flame is immediately weakened. In contrast, if adding or removing oil has an effect only after a while, this is considered grama<\/em>; one is not extinguishing a flame but only causing a flame to be extinguished indirectly. However, according to Rosh (Beitza<\/em> 2:17), even if adding or removing oil does not have an immediate impact, since ultimately it will cause the lamp to stay lit for a longer or shorter amount of time, it is considered Mav\u2019ir<\/em> and Mekhabeh<\/em> by Torah law. In his opinion, grama<\/em> only applies in a case where the action is not done directly to the item in question. An example of this would be filling pitchers with water that will burst when a fire reaches them, thereby releasing the water and extinguishing the fire. However, in our case, one is acting on the fuel itself, directly changing the amount of time the fire will stay lit. It follows that if one adds kerosene to an oven or oil to a lamp, and the strength of the fire immediately increases, all agree that he has transgressed a Torah prohibition. However, if the fire does not show the effect of his actions immediately, but will ultimately stay lit for longer, according to Rosh this is prohibited by Torah law, whereas according to Tosafot<\/em> the prohibition is rabbinic.<\/div>\n<\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

While a candle is burning at home, one must be careful not to open a window or door facing it, as the wind may blow out the flame. Even if the wind outside is currently too weak to put out a candle, one still may not open a window, since it might happen that at […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[86],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-7512","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-01-16"],"yoast_head":"\n04. Shabbat Candles - Peninei Halakha<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/ph.yhb.org.il\/en\/01-16-04\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"04. 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