{"id":8056,"date":"2016-01-30T13:00:18","date_gmt":"2016-01-30T11:00:18","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/ph.yhb.org.il\/en\/?p=8056"},"modified":"2016-10-06T17:37:54","modified_gmt":"2016-10-06T14:37:54","slug":"01-30-13","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/ph.yhb.org.il\/en\/01-30-13\/","title":{"rendered":"13. Placing the Eruv Te\u0125umin<\/em> and Reciting the Berakha<\/em>"},"content":{"rendered":"

One who wishes to make an eruv<\/em> by placing food must set aside two meals\u2019 worth of food. If bread is used, it must amount to the volume of six eggs, which is approximately 300 ml. (Others maintain that it must amount to the volume of eight eggs.) If one wishes to use food that is eaten together with bread, it is sufficient to use the amount of that food that would normally be spread on or eaten together with six eggs\u2019 volume of bread (SA 409:7). If the eruv<\/em> is meant to serve several people, two meals\u2019 worth of food must be left for each person. If a large number of people are involved and one would like to minimize the bulkiness of the eruv<\/em>, he may use olive oil, chocolate spread, or peanut butter, as relatively small quantities of these foods are used with a large amount of bread. One may also use a revi\u2019it<\/em> (75 ml) of vinegar, which is enough to use as a dip or dressing for two meals\u2019 worth of vegetables (MB 386:35; 409:36). Drinks may also be used for the eruv<\/em> as long as there are two revi\u2019iyot<\/em> (150 ml) per person (SA 386:6). Salt and water may not be used for the eruv<\/em> (Eruvin<\/em> 26a).[15]<\/a><\/sup><\/p>\n

The food must belong to the person who plans to make use of the eruv<\/em>, as he uses this food to establish his mekom shevita<\/em>. When the eruv<\/em> is meant for several people, the food\u2019s owner must arrange for each person to acquire some of the food, making all of them partners in it. This is accomplished by means of third person, who lifts up the food with the intent to acquire it on behalf of all those who need to use the eruv<\/em> (SA 413:1).<\/p>\n

If the food set aside for the eruv<\/em> was eaten before bein ha-shmashot<\/em>, the eruv<\/em> is ineffective. However, after bein ha-shmashot<\/em> the eruv<\/em> may be eaten, because once one has established his mekom shevita<\/em> during bein ha-shmashot<\/em>, it remains in effect for all of Shabbat (Rema 394:2). If the eruv<\/em> was left in a place where it could not be accessed during bein ha-shmashot<\/em> without transgressing a Torah law (for example, if a boulder would need to be rolled away to retrieve it), the eruv<\/em> is ineffective (SA 394:3; 409:3-4).<\/p>\n

When setting aside the eruv<\/em>, one should recite the following berakha<\/em>: \u201cBlessed are You, Lord our God, King of the universe, Who sanctified us with His mitzvot<\/em> and commanded us regarding the mitzva of eruv<\/em>\u201d (\u201casher kideshanu be-mitzvotav ve-tzivanu al mitzvat eruv<\/em>\u201d). One should follow this with the declaration: \u201cWith this eruv<\/em> it shall be permitted to me to walk 2,000 amot<\/em> from this place in every direction.\u201d Bedi\u2019avad<\/em>, even if he simply said: \u201cThis shall be an eruv<\/em>,\u201d it is effective. But if he said nothing at all, he has not established an eruv<\/em> (SA 415:4; MB ad loc. <\/em>15).<\/p>\n

When the eruv<\/em> is meant to serve several people, their names should be explicitly mentioned as part of the declaration. One must also take care that the eruv<\/em> contains two meals\u2019 worth of food for each person who needs to rely on it (SA 415:4). If he would like the eruv<\/em> to be effective for multiple Shabbatot<\/em>, he should add at the end of the declaration the phrase \u201cfor all Shabbatot<\/em> of the year.\u201d Then, as long as the eruv<\/em> remains in existence, it is effective (MB ad loc. <\/em>16).<\/p>\n

An eruv <\/em>may be placed by a shali\u2019a\u0125 <\/em>(emissary or proxy). However, a minor, a non-Jew, or one who does not believe in the mitzva of eruv<\/em> cannot serve as a shali\u2019a\u0125<\/em>. The shali\u2019a\u0125<\/em> must recite the berakha<\/em> and the declaration. If he said nothing, the eruv<\/em> is not effective (SA 409:8). However, it is effective if the owner of the eruv<\/em> declares: \u201cWith the eruv<\/em> that my shali\u2019a\u0125<\/em> is setting aside, I will be permitted to walk 2,000 amot<\/em> from the eruv<\/em> in every direction\u201d (BHL s.v. \u201cve-yomar\u201d).<\/p>\n

One cannot place an eruv<\/em> on behalf of another without the other person\u2019s knowledge. One may place an eruv<\/em> for his minor children, and the te\u0125um<\/em> that it establishes is binding for them. Similarly, one may place an eruv<\/em> for members of his household who are over the age of bar or bat mitzva. <\/em>However,<\/em> if upon hearing that there is an eruv<\/em> te\u0125umin<\/em> they object and state that they do not want it, the te\u0125um<\/em> that it establishes is not binding for them. A child who is under the age of six is considered secondary to his mother, so an eruv<\/em> that is effective for the mother is effective for her child as well (SA 414:1-2).<\/p>\n

\n
\n
[15]<\/a>. Eruvin<\/em> 26a states that one may use a saltwater mixture for an eruv<\/em>, and Rambam writes this as well (MT, Laws of Eruvin<\/em> 1:8). However, based on the continuation of the Gemara, Tosafot<\/em> ad loc. <\/em>s.v. \u201caval\u201d state that this is limited to a case in which oil is mixed in with the saltwater. SA 386:5 presents Rambam\u2019s opinion, and then cites Tosafot<\/em> as a secondary opinion. MB ad loc. <\/em>29 states that the halakha<\/em> follows the lenient first opinion.<\/div>\n<\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

One who wishes to make an eruv by placing food must set aside two meals\u2019 worth of food. If bread is used, it must amount to the volume of six eggs, which is approximately 300 ml. (Others maintain that it must amount to the volume of eight eggs.) If one wishes to use food that […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[100],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-8056","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-01-30"],"yoast_head":"\n13. 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