{"id":8057,"date":"2016-01-30T14:00:20","date_gmt":"2016-01-30T12:00:20","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/ph.yhb.org.il\/en\/?p=8057"},"modified":"2016-10-06T17:37:57","modified_gmt":"2016-10-06T14:37:57","slug":"01-30-14","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/ph.yhb.org.il\/en\/01-30-14\/","title":{"rendered":"14. Establishing a Conditional Eruv<\/em> for All Local Residents"},"content":{"rendered":"

One may place an eruv <\/em>conditionally. For example, if one knows that on Shabbat two Torah scholars will be lecturing in two nearby towns, but he has yet to decide if he will attend the lecture to the east, the one to the west, or neither, he places one eruv<\/em> in the east and one in the west and stipulates in his mind that on Shabbat he will decide which te\u0125um<\/em> to use, the one based on his home, on the eruv<\/em> in the west, or on the eruv<\/em> in the east. Once he has made his decision, though, he is bound by his chosen te\u0125um<\/em>. If he did not make a conscious decision but merely started walking in accordance with only one specific te\u0125um<\/em>, he has thus established his te\u0125um<\/em> and may no longer change his mind and walk in accordance with a different te\u0125um<\/em> (Eruvin<\/em> 82a; SA 413:1; MB ad loc<\/em>. 8).[16]<\/a><\/sup><\/p>\n

One may volunteer to place an eruv<\/em> on behalf of all residents of a locale. He then declares: \u201cWith this eruv<\/em> it shall be permitted for all local residents and their guests to walk 2,000 amot<\/em> from this place in every direction.\u201d Anyone who is aware of the existence of this eruv<\/em> before Shabbat, even if he did not decide that the site of the eruv <\/em>is his mekom shevita<\/em>, may decide on Shabbat that he wishes to walk in that direction and may rely on the communal eruv<\/em>. However, one who was unaware of the eruv<\/em>\u2019s existence before Shabbat may not rely on it (SA 413:1).<\/p>\n

If there are so many local residents that the person placing the eruv<\/em> cannot leave two meals\u2019 worth of food for each one of them, then as long as he knows that there will be no more than twenty people who will want to rely on the eruv<\/em>, he may place two meals\u2019 worth of food for twenty people and declare: \u201cWith this eruv<\/em> it shall be permissible for anyone who wishes to walk 2,000 amot<\/em> from this place in every direction for all Shabbatot<\/em> of the year.\u201d This allows all who are interested in relying upon his eruv<\/em> to do so, on condition that they are aware of its existence before the Shabbat they rely on it (SA 413:1; BHL s.v. \u201cle-khol e\u0125ad\u201d). It seems that when it is clear that someone will make use of the eruv<\/em>, the berakha<\/em> should be recited, but when it is uncertain whether anyone will make use of it, no berakha<\/em> should be recited.<\/p>\n

If one places an eruv<\/em> unconditionally, his te\u0125um<\/em> is determined by the location of the eruv<\/em>. He may not change his mind and follow the te\u0125um<\/em> measured from his home.<\/p>\n

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[16]<\/a>. The Tanna\u2019im disagree about this law. According to the Sages and R. Yehuda in the Mishna (Eruvin<\/em> 36b), a stipulation is effective when placing an eruv<\/em>, based on the principle of retroactive clarification (\u201cyesh breira<\/em>\u201d). In this case, it means that when one decides which eruv<\/em> he wants to use, it clarifies retroactively which of the two potential eruvin<\/em> he set aside before Shabbat was the true eruv<\/em>. The beraita<\/em> mentions that some maintain that retroactive clarification is ineffective (Eruvin<\/em> 36b and 37b). The Talmud in Beitza<\/em> 38a cites the opinion of R. Oshaya that for Torah laws retroactive clarification is ineffective, while for rabbinic laws it is effective. This is the opinion of most poskim<\/em>, including Rambam, Rabbeinu Tam, Rosh, Ramban, Ran, and SA YD 331:11. SA 413:1 and MB ad loc.<\/em> 7 conclude similarly. Therefore, one may set aside multiple eruvin<\/em> and then decide on Shabbat which eruv<\/em> he will use to establish his te\u0125um<\/em>. (Some disagree: Ri maintains that retroactive clarification is effective even for Torah laws, while Maharam of Rothenburg as quoted in Mordechai<\/em> maintains that it is ineffective even for rabbinic laws.)SA 413:1 uses the expression, \u201cIt all depends on his stipulation.\u201d This implies that if one places an eruv <\/em>conditionally, such as by saying: \u201cIf the Torah scholar comes to the east, my eruv<\/em> will be in the east,\u201d and then the Torah scholar comes to the east, the person\u2019s te\u0125um<\/em> is set and cannot be changed.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

One may place an eruv conditionally. For example, if one knows that on Shabbat two Torah scholars will be lecturing in two nearby towns, but he has yet to decide if he will attend the lecture to the east, the one to the west, or neither, he places one eruv in the east and one […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[100],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-8057","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-01-30"],"yoast_head":"\n14. 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For example, if one knows that on Shabbat two Torah scholars will be lecturing in two nearby towns, but he has yet to decide if he will attend the lecture to the east, the one to the west, or neither, he places one eruv in the east and one […]\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:url\" content=\"https:\/\/ph.yhb.org.il\/en\/01-30-14\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:site_name\" content=\"Peninei Halakha\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:published_time\" content=\"2016-01-30T12:00:20+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:modified_time\" content=\"2016-10-06T14:37:57+00:00\" \/>\n<meta name=\"author\" content=\"\u05de\u05e0\u05d4\u05dc \u05d4\u05d0\u05ea\u05e8\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:card\" content=\"summary_large_image\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:label1\" content=\"Written by\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data1\" content=\"\u05de\u05e0\u05d4\u05dc \u05d4\u05d0\u05ea\u05e8\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:label2\" content=\"Est. reading time\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data2\" content=\"4 minutes\" \/>\n<script type=\"application\/ld+json\" class=\"yoast-schema-graph\">{\"@context\":\"https:\\\/\\\/schema.org\",\"@graph\":[{\"@type\":\"Article\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/ph.yhb.org.il\\\/en\\\/01-30-14\\\/#article\",\"isPartOf\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/ph.yhb.org.il\\\/en\\\/01-30-14\\\/\"},\"author\":{\"name\":\"\u05de\u05e0\u05d4\u05dc \u05d4\u05d0\u05ea\u05e8\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/ph.yhb.org.il\\\/en\\\/#\\\/schema\\\/person\\\/716cb852d9b9d1fb36cf3b60a4415178\"},\"headline\":\"14. 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