{"id":8132,"date":"2016-02-01T00:08:11","date_gmt":"2016-01-31T22:08:11","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/ph.yhb.org.il\/en\/?p=8132"},"modified":"2018-05-24T12:22:51","modified_gmt":"2018-05-24T09:22:51","slug":"03-01-08","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/ph.yhb.org.il\/en\/03-01-08\/","title":{"rendered":"08. Kavana and Those Who Find it Difficult to Concentrate"},"content":{"rendered":"<p align=\"left\"><span style=\"margin: 0px;font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif\"><span style=\"color: #000000\">Prayer is considered <\/span><i><span style=\"color: #000000;font-family: Times New Roman\">avoda she-ba-lev <\/span><\/i><span style=\"color: #000000\">(worship of the heart); therefore its essence is dependent upon<\/span><i><span style=\"color: #000000;font-family: Times New Roman\"> kavana<\/span><\/i><span style=\"color: #000000\">. <\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<p align=\"left\"><span style=\"margin: 0px;font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif\"><span style=\"color: #000000\">This is what the pious and people of deeds would do: They would meditate and concentrate on their prayers until all physicality fell away and the power of the mind would gain strength, to the point that they were on the verge of prophecy. If another thought would intrude on their prayer, they would be still until that thought passes\u201d (SA<\/span><i> <\/i><span style=\"color: #000000\">98:1). <\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<p align=\"left\"><span style=\"margin: 0px;font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif\"><span style=\"color: #000000\">There are two kinds of <\/span><i><span style=\"color: #000000;font-family: Times New Roman\">kavana<\/span><\/i><span style=\"color: #000000\"> in prayer: One is a general<\/span><i><span style=\"color: #000000;font-family: Times New Roman\"> kavana<\/span><\/i><span style=\"color: #000000\">, where the person praying stands before the Supreme King of kings filled with awe and love; the second is a specific<\/span><i><span style=\"color: #000000;font-family: Times New Roman\"> kavana<\/span><\/i><span style=\"color: #000000\"> \u2013 concentrating on the words she utters.<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<p align=\"left\"><span style=\"margin: 0px;font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif\"><span style=\"color: #000000\">People are innately different from one another. Some can focus effortlessly, and though they repeat the same words every day, it is easy for them to follow each word and mean them. Others naturally find it difficult to concentrate, and the more familiar a subject is to them, the harder it is for them to focus on it. Try as they might to have<\/span><i><span style=\"color: #000000;font-family: Times New Roman\"> kavana<\/span><\/i><span style=\"color: #000000\">, their thoughts wander from one matter to the next. Despite great effort to have<\/span><i><span style=\"color: #000000;font-family: Times New Roman\"> kavana<\/span><\/i><span style=\"color: #000000\"> while reciting <\/span><i><span style=\"color: #000000;font-family: Times New Roman\">Avot <\/span><\/i><span style=\"color: #000000\">(the first <\/span><i><span style=\"color: #000000;font-family: Times New Roman\">berakha<\/span><\/i><span style=\"color: #000000\"> of <\/span><i><span style=\"color: #000000;font-family: Times New Roman\">Shemoneh Esrei<\/span><\/i><span style=\"color: #000000\">), their minds are flying away, and suddenly they find themselves saying <\/span><i><span style=\"color: #000000;font-family: Times New Roman\">Sela\u0125 Lanu <\/span><\/i><span style=\"color: #000000\">(the seventh <\/span><i><span style=\"color: #000000;font-family: Times New Roman\">berakha<\/span><\/i><span style=\"color: #000000\">). They attempt to refocus, but their minds wander off again. Before they know it, they are already bowing for <\/span><i><span style=\"color: #000000;font-family: Times New Roman\">Modim<\/span><\/i><span style=\"color: #000000\"> (the seventeenth <\/span><i><span style=\"color: #000000;font-family: Times New Roman\">berakha<\/span><\/i><span style=\"color: #000000\">). <\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<p align=\"left\"><span style=\"margin: 0px;font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif\"><span style=\"color: #000000\">Even in the time of the Talmud there were Amora\u2019im who lamented the difficulty of focusing during prayer. <\/span><i><span style=\"color: #000000;font-family: Times New Roman\">Y.<\/span><\/i> <i><span style=\"color: #000000;font-family: Times New Roman\">Berakhot <\/span><\/i><span style=\"color: #000000\">2:4 records that R. \u0124iya says that he was never able to have<\/span><i><span style=\"color: #000000;font-family: Times New Roman\"> kavana<\/span><\/i><span style=\"color: #000000\"> throughout his entire prayer. Once, when he tried to concentrate for the duration of his prayer, he began wondering, right in the middle, whether Minister A or Minister B is more important in the king\u2019s eyes. Shmuel said, \u201cI counted newly hatched chicks while I was praying.\u201d R. Bon bar \u0124iya said: \u201cWhile I was praying I counted the rows of the building.\u201d R. Matania said, \u201cI am grateful for my head, for even when I am not paying attention to what I am saying, it knows by itself to bow at <\/span><i><span style=\"color: #000000;font-family: Times New Roman\">Modim<\/span><\/i><span style=\"color: #000000\">.\u201d The statements of these leading Amora\u2019im teach us that it is difficult to have<\/span><i><span style=\"color: #000000;font-family: Times New Roman\"> kavana<\/span><\/i><span style=\"color: #000000\"> from the beginning of the prayer service until the end. Even though we must try as hard as we can to concentrate, one should not lose heart when she does not focus properly. Even one who daydreamt throughout most of her prayer should not despair; rather, she should strive to have<\/span><i><span style=\"color: #000000;font-family: Times New Roman\"> kavana<\/span><\/i><span style=\"color: #000000\"> while reciting the remaining <\/span><i><span style=\"color: #000000;font-family: Times New Roman\">berakhot<\/span><\/i><span style=\"color: #000000\">. <\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<p align=\"left\"><span style=\"margin: 0px;font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif\"><span style=\"color: #000000\">One should not say, \u201cIf I do not have<\/span><i><span style=\"color: #000000;font-family: Times New Roman\"> kavana<\/span><\/i><span style=\"color: #000000\">, perhaps it is better not to pray.\u201d Rather, the very fact that she stood before God in prayer expresses something very profound \u2013 her sincere desire to connect to God and to pray before Him. Every person is measured according to her nature, and at times, someone who finds it difficult to concentrate, yet struggles and succeeds in having<\/span><i><span style=\"color: #000000;font-family: Times New Roman\"> kavana<\/span><\/i><span style=\"color: #000000\"> for a number of blessings, is more praiseworthy than someone for whom focus comes easily<\/span><\/span> <span style=\"margin: 0px;font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif\"><span style=\"color: #000000\">through the entire prayer service. Moreover, people who find it easy to concentrate on the routine prayers generally pray without any particular passion, even on special occasions, or when a tragedy befalls them. However, those individuals who find it difficult to concentrate on the routine words usually succeed in attaining higher levels of<\/span><i><span style=\"color: #000000;font-family: Times New Roman\"> kavana<\/span><\/i><span style=\"color: #000000\"> in exceptional circumstances. <\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<p align=\"left\"><span style=\"margin: 0px;font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif\"><span style=\"color: #000000\">It is said in the name of Arizal that<\/span><i><span style=\"color: #000000;font-family: Times New Roman\"> kavana<\/span><\/i><span style=\"color: #000000\"> is like the wings upon which prayer soars heavenward and is accepted. When one prays without<\/span><i><span style=\"color: #000000;font-family: Times New Roman\"> kavana<\/span><\/i><span style=\"color: #000000\">, her prayer lacks the wings with which to ascend, and so it waits until she utters one prayer with <\/span><i><span style=\"color: #000000;font-family: Times New Roman\">kavana<\/span><\/i><span style=\"color: #000000\">, whereupon all the prayers that she recited without<\/span><i><span style=\"color: #000000;font-family: Times New Roman\"> kavana<\/span><\/i><span style=\"color: #000000\"> ascend to God together with the prayer that achieved<\/span><i><span style=\"color: #000000;font-family: Times New Roman\"> kavana<\/span><\/i><span style=\"color: #000000\">. The reason for this is clear: The very fact that she chose to pray demonstrates that she wants to connect to God, to praise Him, and ask Him for her needs. She simply failed to have<\/span><i><span style=\"color: #000000;font-family: Times New Roman\"> kavana. <\/span><\/i><span style=\"color: #000000\">However, the moment she succeeds in having<\/span><i><span style=\"color: #000000;font-family: Times New Roman\"> kavana<\/span><\/i><span style=\"color: #000000\">, she opens the gate for all her prayers to ascend. <\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"margin: 0px;font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif;font-size: 12pt\"><span style=\"color: #000000\">In practice, one who has<\/span><i><span style=\"color: #000000;font-family: Times New Roman\"> kavana<\/span><\/i><span style=\"color: #000000\"> during the first <\/span><i><span style=\"color: #000000;font-family: Times New Roman\">berakha<\/span><\/i><span style=\"color: #000000\"> of the <\/span><i><span style=\"color: #000000;font-family: Times New Roman\">Shemoneh<\/span><\/i> <i><span style=\"color: #000000;font-family: Times New Roman\">Esrei<\/span><\/i><span style=\"color: #000000\"> fulfills her obligation, even if she did not have<\/span><i><span style=\"color: #000000;font-family: Times New Roman\"> kavana<\/span><\/i><span style=\"color: #000000\"> for the rest of the prayer (SA 63:4, 101:1; below, 12:8).<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Prayer is considered avoda she-ba-lev (worship of the heart); therefore its essence is dependent upon kavana. This is what the pious and people of deeds would do: They would meditate and concentrate on their prayers until all physicality fell away and the power of the mind would gain strength, to the point that they were [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":9,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[105],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-8132","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-03-01"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v28.0 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>08. 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