{"id":8225,"date":"2016-02-08T00:01:49","date_gmt":"2016-02-07T22:01:49","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/ph.yhb.org.il\/en\/?p=8225"},"modified":"2018-05-24T12:34:15","modified_gmt":"2018-05-24T09:34:15","slug":"03-08-01","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/ph.yhb.org.il\/en\/03-08-01\/","title":{"rendered":"01. The Time of Sha\u0125arit"},"content":{"rendered":"

As we learned (above, 2:2-5), according to most <\/span>poskim<\/span><\/i>, women must pray the <\/span>Amidot<\/span><\/i> of <\/span>Sha\u0125arit<\/span><\/i> and <\/span>Min\u0125a<\/span><\/i> every day, and this is the proper practice <\/span>le-khat\u0125ila<\/span><\/i>. Hence, it is important to know when the times of <\/span>Sha\u0125arit<\/span><\/i> and <\/span>Min\u0125a<\/span><\/i> are. Even the many women who recite only one daily <\/span>Amida<\/span><\/i>, be it <\/span>Sha\u0125arit<\/span><\/i> or <\/span>Min\u0125a<\/span><\/i>, must familiarize themselves with the prayer times so they can gauge the proper time for <\/span>Sha\u0125arit<\/span><\/i> or <\/span>Min\u0125a<\/span><\/i>.<\/span><\/p>\n

The times of the prayers were fixed by the Men of the Great Assembly on the basis of the corresponding <\/span>Tamid<\/span><\/i> offerings: <\/span>Sha\u0125arit<\/span><\/i> with the morning <\/span>Tamid<\/span><\/i> and <\/span>Min\u0125a<\/span><\/i> with the afternoon <\/span>Tamid<\/span><\/i>. The time for <\/span>Min\u0125a<\/span><\/i> is explained below (18:1); we will now explain the time for <\/span>Sha\u0125arit<\/span><\/i>.<\/span><\/p>\n

The morning <\/span>Tamid<\/span><\/i> could be brought starting from dawn (\u201c<\/span>amud ha-sha\u0125ar<\/span><\/i>,\u201d when the first light appears in the east), and the time for praying <\/span>Sha\u0125arit<\/span><\/i> should begin at dawn <\/span>le-khat\u0125ila<\/span><\/i>. Nonetheless, the Sages said that it is proper to recite the <\/span>A<\/span>mida<\/span><\/i> after sunrise (\u201c<\/span>hanetz ha-\u0125ama<\/span><\/i>\u201d), as it is written: \u201cThey shall revere You along with the sun\u201d (Tehilim 72:5; <\/span>Berakhot<\/span><\/i> 9b). <\/span>Be-di\u2019avad<\/span><\/i>, if one recites the <\/span>Amida<\/span><\/i> after dawn but before sunrise, she fulfills her obligation because she prayed at the time when the morning <\/span>Tamid <\/span><\/i>offering was brought (SA 89:1; and see <\/span>Peninei Halakha: Prayer<\/span><\/i>, ch. 11 n. 4). The most praiseworthy time to pray is when the early saints, the \u201c<\/span>vatikin<\/span><\/i>,\u201d who would recite the <\/span>Amida<\/span><\/i> at the moment of sunrise to fulfill \u201cThey shall revere You along with the sun.\u201d 1<\/a><\/sup> <\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

The time to pray the <\/span>Amida<\/span><\/i> lasts four seasonal hours, for that is the last time that the morning <\/span>Tamid<\/span><\/i> offering may be brought. <\/span>Be-di\u2019avad<\/span><\/i>, a woman who did not manage to pray during the first four hours of the day may pray <\/span>Sha\u0125arit<\/span><\/i> until <\/span>\u0125atzot<\/span><\/i>. Although she does not receive reward for praying on time, nevertheless, she does receive reward for the prayer she recites (SA 89:1). However, a woman who wishes to recite <\/span>Birkhot Keri\u2019at Shema<\/span><\/i> must not say them after four hours have passed, even<\/span> be-di\u2019avad<\/span><\/i>. <\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

A woman who customarily prays the <\/span>Amida<\/span><\/i> once a day, be it <\/span>Sha\u0125arit<\/span><\/i> or <\/span>Min\u0125a<\/span><\/i>: if four hours have passed and she has not yet prayed <\/span>Sha\u0125arit<\/span><\/i>, it is best that she pray <\/span>Min\u0125a<\/span><\/i> on that day. However, if she is concerned that she might forget to pray <\/span>Min\u0125a<\/span><\/i>, she may pray <\/span>Sha\u0125arit<\/span><\/i> until <\/span>\u0125atzot<\/span><\/i>. 2<\/a><\/sup> <\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

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    \n
  1. There are various opinions about the precise time of amud ha-sha\u0125ar, and they are detailed in Peninei Halakha: Prayer, 11:2 n. 1. As a rule, amud ha-sha\u0125ar is never less than 72 minutes before hanetz ha-\u0125ama. Meaning, by the time it is 72 minutes before hanetz ha-\u0125ama, amud ha-sha\u0125ar has definitely already occurred.<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

    It is important to know that the earliest time for all daytime mitzvot, such as shofar blowing and brit mila, is sunrise, because the day is defined by the presence of the sun. However, be-di\u2019avad if such mitzvot are performed from the time of amud ha-sha\u0125ar, one\u2019s obligation is fulfilled, because from a certain standpoint, the day begins from first light (Megilla 20a). ↩<\/a><\/span><\/li>\n

  2. The Tanna\u2019im disagree about the latest time to bring the Tamid offering and, consequently, about the latest time for Sha\u0125arit. According to R. Yehuda, it is until the end of the fourth hour, whereas the Sages maintain that it can be brought until \u0125atzot. The halakha follows R. Yehuda because his opinion is cited in m. Eduyot, whose mishnayot were chosen as the prevailing halakhic position. Therefore, the final time to recite Sha\u0125arit is at the end of the first four hours of the day (Berakhot 27a). Even so, according to most poskim, the Sages\u2019 opinion was not completely rejected, and be-di\u2019avad it is permissible to pray Sha\u0125arit until \u0125atzot. Although one who does so is not credited as fulfilling the mitzva on time, she neverthelessis credited for her prayer (SA 89:1). However, R. Shlomo Zalman Auerbach (Halikhot Shlomo 8:42) says that since there are poskim who maintain that according to R. Yehuda it is forbidden even be-di\u2019avad to pray Sha\u0125arit later than four hours (see Peninei Halakha: Prayer, ch. 11 n. 16), and because a woman may fulfill her obligation to pray by reciting only Birkhot Ha-sha\u0125ar, it is preferable that she avoids controversy and refrains from reciting the Amida after four hours have already passed. Still, he concedes that women customarily women pray until \u0125atzot, and that this is the opinion of SA. It seems that women are also permitted to recite Pesukei De-zimra and their berakhot before the Amida. Responsa Ma\u0125azeh Eliyahu 19:14 is careful not to urge women to pray within the first four hours of the day, due to their preoccupations. Women are considered anusot (coerced by elements out of their control) and therefore cannot pray on time. This opinion is cited in Halikhot Beitah 6:20 and Halikhot Bat Yisrael 2:11. I have already written what I deem to be the proper practice.<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

    Concerning Birkhot Keri\u2019at Shema, the poskim disagree about whether one may recite them be-di\u2019avad until \u0125atzot. Although MB maintains that, for men, one who does not recite them due to circumstances beyond his control may recite them until \u0125atzot (see Peninei Halakha: Prayer, ch. 11 n. 7), regarding women, since they are not obligated to recite Birkhot Keri\u2019at Shema and there is no option to recite them voluntarily, it seems evident that it is best for women to avoid uncertainty and refrain from reciting Birkhot Keri\u2019at Shema after the first four hours of the day have passed.<\/span>\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 <\/span> ↩<\/a><\/span><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

    As we learned (above, 2:2-5), according to most poskim, women must pray the Amidot of Sha\u0125arit and Min\u0125a every day, and this is the proper practice le-khat\u0125ila. Hence, it is important to know when the times of Sha\u0125arit and Min\u0125a are. Even the many women who recite only one daily Amida, be it Sha\u0125arit or […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":9,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[112],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-8225","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-03-08"],"yoast_head":"\n01. The Time of Sha\u0125arit - Peninei Halakha<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/ph.yhb.org.il\/en\/03-08-01\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"01. The Time of Sha\u0125arit - Peninei Halakha\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"As we learned (above, 2:2-5), according to most poskim, women must pray the Amidot of Sha\u0125arit and Min\u0125a every day, and this is the proper practice le-khat\u0125ila. Hence, it is important to know when the times of Sha\u0125arit and Min\u0125a are. 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