{"id":8443,"date":"2016-02-20T06:00:22","date_gmt":"2016-02-20T04:00:22","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/ph.yhb.org.il\/en\/?p=8443"},"modified":"2018-05-24T13:03:28","modified_gmt":"2018-05-24T10:03:28","slug":"03-20-06","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/ph.yhb.org.il\/en\/03-20-06\/","title":{"rendered":"06. \u0124azarat Ha-shatz"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>The Men of the Great Assembly ordained that after individuals finish reciting the silent <em>Shemoneh Esrei<\/em>, the <em>shali\u2019a\u0125 tzibur <\/em>(abbreviated to \u201c<em>shatz<\/em>\u201d an meaning \u201cenvoy of the community\u201d; it refers to the<em> \u0125azan<\/em>) repeats the <em>Amida<\/em> out loud in order to fulfill the obligation on behalf of those who do not know how to pray on their own (RH 34b). This repetition is known as <em>\u0124azarat<\/em> <em>Ha-shatz<\/em>. However, for <em>Ma\u2019ariv<\/em>, they did not institute an <em>Amida<\/em> repetition since, technically, <em>Ma\u2019ariv<\/em> is voluntary and consequently there is no need to fulfill the mitzva on behalf of those who are not well-versed in the prayer service.<\/p>\n<p>The Sages ordained that the <em>\u0125azan<\/em> also prays the silent <em>Amida<\/em> in order to prepare for his repetition. They also instructed that even those who know how to pray on their own listen to <em>\u0124azarat Ha-shatz<\/em> and answer \u201camen\u201d after every <em>berakha<\/em>.<\/p>\n<p>Because <em>\u0124azarat<\/em> <em>Ha-shatz<\/em> was ordained by the Sages, it must be recited even where the congregants know how to pray on their own. Even now that it is permissible to put the Oral Torah, including the prayers, in writing, and even now that <em>siddurim<\/em> are so ubiquitous that it is rare to find a <em>minyan <\/em>where someone needs <em>\u0124azarat<\/em> <em>Ha-shatz <\/em>to fulfill his obligation, the Sages\u2019 enactment remains in force. The principle in play is that once the Sages enact a law, they do not distinguish between individual cases (SA 124:3, based on <em>Responsa Rambam<\/em>). Moreover, the Sages instituted <em>Kedusha<\/em> and <em>Birkat Kohanim<\/em> in <em>\u0124azarat<\/em> <em>Ha-shatz<\/em>, and if the <em>Amida<\/em> is not repeated, they will be abolished altogether (<em>Tur<\/em>).<\/p>\n<p>Kabbalistic literature explains that in addition to the simple explanation \u2013 that it allows the uneducated to fulfill their obligation \u2013 there is another, esoteric reason. It is necessary for there to be a silent <em>Amida <\/em>as well as <em>\u0124azarat<\/em> <em>Ha-shatz<\/em> because through both of them together, prayer is most effective. Therefore, even where there is no need to fulfill the obligation on behalf of one who is not well-versed though <em>\u0124azarat Ha-shatz,<\/em> we must recite it, for the esoteric reason remains. <em>\u0124azarat<\/em> <em>Ha-shatz<\/em> is of even greater value than the silent <em>Amida <\/em>as it is collective and the congregation answers <em>Amen<\/em> to its <em>berakhot<\/em>. Hence, although the <em>Amida<\/em> is intense and sublime, and in order to preserve its exaltedness one recites it silently, the <em>\u0125azan<\/em> recites <em>\u0124azarat Ha-shatz<\/em> aloud, for due to its even greater value no concern that the <em>kelipot <\/em>(\u201chusks\u201d; a kabbalistic term for the forces of evil) will take hold of it (see SA 124:7; <em>Kaf Ha-\u0125ayim<\/em> 124:2 and 16).<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>The Men of the Great Assembly ordained that after individuals finish reciting the silent Shemoneh Esrei, the shali\u2019a\u0125 tzibur (abbreviated to \u201cshatz\u201d an meaning \u201cenvoy of the community\u201d; it refers to the \u0125azan) repeats the Amida out loud in order to fulfill the obligation on behalf of those who do not know how to pray [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":9,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[124],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-8443","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-03-20"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v27.9 - 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