{"id":9207,"date":"2000-12-02T00:05:01","date_gmt":"2000-12-01T22:05:01","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/ph.yhb.org.il\/en\/?p=9207"},"modified":"2019-05-14T13:24:26","modified_gmt":"2019-05-14T10:24:26","slug":"12-02-05","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/ph.yhb.org.il\/en\/12-02-05\/","title":{"rendered":"05. Kiddush<\/em> and the Festive Meal"},"content":{"rendered":"

On Yom Tov night, just as on Friday night, there is a mitzva to recite kiddush<\/em> over a cup of wine, at the site of the festive meal. The Sages ordained that the sanctity of the day be invoked in prayers and at meals, for the sanctity of the day is manifest through both body and soul.<\/p>\n

The content of kiddush<\/em> is similar to that of the Amida<\/em>\u2019s middle berakha<\/em>, and its conclusion is identical: \u201cBlessed are You, Lord, Who sanctifies Israel and the seasons\u201d (section 3 above). One first recites the berakha<\/em> over wine and then the berakha<\/em> over the sanctity of the day.[4]<\/a><\/sup> Afterward She-he\u1e25eyanu<\/em> is recited, in which we thank God \u201cWho has given us life, sustained us, and brought us to this time.\u201d If one forgot to recite She<\/em>–he\u1e25eyanu<\/em> during kiddush<\/em>, he can do so when he remembers, anytime during the festival. It is not necessary to have a cup of wine for it (MB 473:1).<\/p>\n

The seventh day of Pesa\u1e25 is the only Yom Tov when She-he\u1e25eyanu<\/em> is not recited at kiddush<\/em>, because it is not considered a self-contained festival. Thus, the She-he\u1e25eyanu<\/em> recited on the first day covers the last day as well. In contrast, on Shemini Atzeret one does recite She-he\u1e25eyanu<\/em>, as it is a festival in its own right (RH 4b).<\/p>\n

On Yom Tov of Sukkot, the berakha<\/em> of Leishev Ba-sukka<\/em> is added to kiddush<\/em> since at this time we begin to fulfill the mitzva of sitting in the sukka<\/em>.<\/p>\n

The Sages ordained that Yom Tov kiddush<\/em> be said by day as well as at night, as on Shabbat, in order to honor the day. Since the sanctity of Yom Tov had already been invoked in the nighttime kiddush<\/em>, it is not repeated during the day. Rather, the daytime kiddush<\/em> is limited to the berakha<\/em> over the wine. It is customary to add a verse beforehand which relates to the holiday. This kiddush<\/em> is referred to as Kidusha Raba<\/em> (the great kiddush<\/em>), which is a euphemism, since it is the nighttime kiddush<\/em> at the beginning of Yom Tov which is the important one. It is then that we invoke the sanctity of the festival (MB 289:3). The rest of the laws pertaining to kiddush<\/em> are explained in Peninei Halakha: Shabbat<\/em> (ch. 6).<\/p>\n

As we have seen (1:7 above), it is a mitzva to eat two festive meals on Yom Tov, one by night and one by day. At each meal there is a mitzva to eat bread. Yom Tov meals must be even better than Shabbat meals because there is an additional mitzva of sim\u1e25a<\/em>. The daytime meal is more important than the nighttime meal.<\/p>\n

\n
\n
\n[4]<\/a>. Kiddush<\/em> on Shabbat is a Torah obligation, as we read: \u201cCommemorate the day of Shabbat to sanctify it\u201d (Shemot 20:8). According to Rambam and most poskim<\/em>, this mandate is fulfilled by reciting the Friday night prayers, while a rabbinic enactment also requires recitation over a cup of wine on Friday night. However, there are a few Rishonim who maintain that there is a biblical commandment to make kiddush<\/em> over wine or bread (Peninei<\/em> Halakha<\/em>: Shabbat<\/em> 6:2-3 and n. 2). On Yom Tov, according to Magid Mishneh<\/em> (Shabbat<\/em> 29:18) the entire obligation of kiddush<\/em> is rabbinic. Magen Avraham<\/em> (271:1) and Mishna Berura<\/em> (ad loc<\/em>. 2) as well as most A\u1e25aronim are of this opinion. However, a few Rishonim feel it is biblically mandated based on the verse: \u201cthe fixed times of the Lord, which you shall proclaim as sacred occasions\u201d (Vayikra 23:2(. This would seem to be the position of She\u2019iltot<\/em>, Behag<\/em>, Raavya, and Maharam of Rothenburg. See Responsa \u1e24azon Ovadia<\/em> \u00a72, where the different positions are summarized.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

On Yom Tov night, just as on Friday night, there is a mitzva to recite kiddush over a cup of wine, at the site of the festive meal. The Sages ordained that the sanctity of the day be invoked in prayers and at meals, for the sanctity of the day is manifest through both body […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":10,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[138],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-9207","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-12-02"],"yoast_head":"\n05. 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