{"id":1036,"date":"2016-04-17T07:00:11","date_gmt":"2016-04-17T04:00:11","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/ph.yhb.org.il\/fr\/?p=1036"},"modified":"2018-03-21T11:29:29","modified_gmt":"2018-03-21T09:29:29","slug":"04-16-30","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/ph.yhb.org.il\/fr\/04-16-30\/","title":{"rendered":"30. Quel malade est dispens\u00e9 de manger la matsa et le maror<\/em>"},"content":{"rendered":"

Si l\u2019on ne peut manger, d\u2019aucune fa\u00e7on, la mesure d\u2019un kaza\u00eft<\/em> (tiers d\u2019une matsa faite \u00e0 la machine), on s\u2019efforcera de manger au moins un morceau de matsa de la taille d\u2019une olive de notre temps, car certains auteurs pensent que telle est bien la mesure d\u2019un kaza\u00eft<\/em>. Mais on ne dira pas la b\u00e9n\u00e9diction \u2018Al akhilat matsa<\/em>, car, de l\u2019avis de nombreux d\u00e9cisionnaires, on ne se rend pas quitte, par une si petite quantit\u00e9, de la mitsva de consommer la matsa. Si l\u2019on ne peut m\u00eame pas manger le volume d\u2019une olive de notre temps, il reste cependant pr\u00e9f\u00e9rable de manger un peu de matsa, suivant ses possibilit\u00e9s[27]<\/a><\/sup>.<\/p>\n

Quand une personne sait que la consommation de la matsa la rendra malade, l\u2019obligeant \u00e0 s\u2019aliter, ou accro\u00eetra sa maladie, sans pour autant mettre en danger sa vie, les d\u00e9cisionnaires sont partag\u00e9s. Selon Rabbi Chelomo de Vilna (Binyan Chelomo<\/em> 47), dans un tel cas, on est dispens\u00e9 de manger de la matsa \u00e0 Pessa\u2019h. Selon le Maharam Shik (Ora\u2019h \u2018Ha\u00efm<\/em> 260), ce n\u2019est que dans le cas o\u00f9 il y a danger pour la vie que le malade est dispens\u00e9 de la mitsva des azymes. On a coutume de s\u2019en tenir \u00e0 l\u2019avis indulgent. (En mati\u00e8re de maror, et de vin pour les quatre coupes, qui sont des mitsvot rabbiniques, celui qui sait que leur consommation aura pour effet de l\u2019aliter est dispens\u00e9, est-il admis, de les consommer, comme on a pu le voir ci-dessus, \u00a7 7.)<\/p>\n

D\u2019apr\u00e8s cela, la majorit\u00e9 des personnes atteintes de la maladie c\u0153liaque ont l\u2019obligation de manger un kaza\u00eft<\/em> de matsa, le soir du s\u00e9der, car la consommation d\u2019un kaza\u00eft <\/em>de matsa n\u2019est pas de nature \u00e0 leur causer de maladies\u00a0; et m\u00eame si cela leur cause une certaine souffrance, cela n\u2019est pas consid\u00e9r\u00e9 comme une maladie. Mais les personnes s\u00e9v\u00e8rement atteintes de la maladie c\u0153liaque, qui savent que la consommation de la matsa risque de leur causer de dures r\u00e9actions, sont dispens\u00e9es de la mitsva de manger la matsa. De nos jours, il existe des matsot d\u2019avoine, qui sont meilleures pour les personnes atteintes de la maladie c\u0153liaque[28]<\/a><\/sup>.<\/p>\n

\n
\n
\n[27]<\/a>. Des \u00e9crits de nombreux Gu\u00e9onim et Richonim, il ressort qu\u2019un kaza\u00eft<\/em> est, litt\u00e9ralement, comparable au volume de l\u2019olive commune de notre temps, c\u2019est-\u00e0-dire environ 7,5 cm\u00b3. Selon des t\u00e9moignages, tel \u00e9tait l\u2019avis, en pratique, de Rabbi \u2018Ha\u00efm de Volozhin et du Avn\u00e9 N\u00e9zer<\/em>. (Cf. Pnin\u00e9 Halakha, B\u00e9n\u00e9dictions<\/em> 10 \u00a7 5, note 6, Har\u2019havot<\/em> ad loc.). Mais en pratique, la directive couramment exprim\u00e9e est d\u2019\u00eatre rigoureux, et de tenir compte de l\u2019opinion de Tossephot<\/em>, selon laquelle un kaza\u00eft <\/em>est d\u2019un volume semblable \u00e0 la moiti\u00e9 d\u2019un \u0153uf, comme nous l\u2019indiquions en note 20.<\/p>\n

Quand on ne peut manger de kaza\u00eft <\/em>suivant aucun avis, il est n\u00e9anmoins pr\u00e9f\u00e9rable de go\u00fbter \u00e0 la matsa, comme l\u2019\u00e9crivent le Ma\u2019haziq Berakha<\/em> 475 et le \u2018Aroukh Hachoul\u2019han<\/em> 477, 3\u00a0; le Michna Beroura<\/em> 473, 43 s\u2019exprime dans le m\u00eame sens en mati\u00e8re de maror<\/em>.<\/p>\n

[28]<\/a>. Sur la d\u00e9limitation des cas o\u00f9 un malade est dispens\u00e9, voir Miqra\u00e9 Qodech<\/em> du Rav Frank, vol. II 32, qui mentionne les deux avis\u00a0; \u2018Hazon \u2018Ovadia<\/em> I 33 et Tsits Eli\u00e9zer<\/em> XIV 27, qui sont indulgents. Le Miqra\u00e9 Qodech<\/em> du Rav Harari, 7, note 110, va dans le m\u00eame sens, au nom du Rav Mordekha\u00ef Elyahou.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Si l\u2019on ne peut manger, d\u2019aucune fa\u00e7on, la mesure d\u2019un kaza\u00eft (tiers d\u2019une matsa faite \u00e0 la machine), on s\u2019efforcera de manger au moins un morceau de matsa de la taille d\u2019une olive de notre temps, car certains auteurs pensent que telle est bien la mesure d\u2019un kaza\u00eft. Mais on ne dira pas la b\u00e9n\u00e9diction […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":9,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[85],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-1036","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-04-16"],"yoast_head":"\n30. Quel malade est dispens\u00e9 de manger la matsa et le maror - Pnin\u00e9 Halakha<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/ph.yhb.org.il\/fr\/04-16-30\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"fr_FR\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"30. Quel malade est dispens\u00e9 de manger la matsa et le maror - Pnin\u00e9 Halakha\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Si l\u2019on ne peut manger, d\u2019aucune fa\u00e7on, la mesure d\u2019un kaza\u00eft (tiers d\u2019une matsa faite \u00e0 la machine), on s\u2019efforcera de manger au moins un morceau de matsa de la taille d\u2019une olive de notre temps, car certains auteurs pensent que telle est bien la mesure d\u2019un kaza\u00eft. 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