{"id":1046,"date":"2016-04-17T12:00:50","date_gmt":"2016-04-17T09:00:50","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/ph.yhb.org.il\/fr\/?p=1046"},"modified":"2018-03-21T11:32:35","modified_gmt":"2018-03-21T09:32:35","slug":"04-16-35","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/ph.yhb.org.il\/fr\/04-16-35\/","title":{"rendered":"35. R\u00e9citation du Hallel, du Hallel hagadol et de Nichmat"},"content":{"rendered":"

\u00c0 la suite du Birkat hamazon<\/em> (actions de gr\u00e2ce qui suivent le repas), on boit la troisi\u00e8me coupe, apr\u00e8s quoi on verse la quatri\u00e8me, afin de dire, en sa pr\u00e9sence, le Hallel[w]<\/a><\/sup>, puis le Hallel hagadol (\u00ab\u00a0grand Hallel\u00a0\u00bb).<\/p>\n

Avant m\u00eame de commencer le Hallel, on dit les versets commen\u00e7ant par Chefokh \u2018hamatekha el hagoyim acher lo y\u00e9da\u2019oukha\u2026<\/em> (\u00ab\u00a0D\u00e9verse ta col\u00e8re sur les peuples qui ne te reconnaissent pas\u2026\u00a0\u00bb). Certains ont coutume, \u00e0 ce moment, d\u2019ouvrir la porte d\u2019entr\u00e9e, afin de manifester le fait que Dieu prot\u00e8ge cette nuit contre toute influence spirituelle n\u00e9faste, et que nous n\u2019avons pas peur de nos ennemis\u00a0; par le m\u00e9rite de cette foi, le Messie viendra, qui d\u00e9versera sa fureur sur les m\u00e9chants, ennemis d\u2019Isra\u00ebl (Rama 480, 1). Certains ont coutume de se lever pour la r\u00e9citation de Chefokh \u2018hamatekha<\/em> (\u2018Aroukh Hachoul\u2019han <\/em>ad loc., et tel \u00e9tait l\u2019usage du Rav Kook). Apr\u00e8s avoir dit Chefokh \u2018hamatekha<\/em>, on ferme la porte.<\/p>\n

Apr\u00e8s Chefokh<\/em>, on r\u00e9cite la seconde moiti\u00e9 du Hallel (cf. \u00a7 20). Certains versets de ce morceau doivent se r\u00e9citer \u00e0 la fa\u00e7on d\u2019un chant responsorial\u00a0: le chef de famille chante d\u2019abord le verset, qui est ensuite repris par les autres convives. Voici ces versets\u00a0: Hodou l\u2019A-dona\u00ef ki tov, ki l\u00e9\u2019olam \u2018hasdo<\/em> (\u00ab\u00a0Louez l\u2019Eternel, car Il est bon, car sa gr\u00e2ce est \u00e9ternelle\u00a0\u00bb)\u00a0; Yomar na Isra\u00ebl\u2026<\/em> (\u00ab\u00a0Qu\u2019ainsi dise Isra\u00ebl\u2026\u00a0\u00bb)\u00a0; Yomrou na beit Aharon\u2026<\/em> (\u00ab\u00a0Qu\u2019ainsi dise la maison d\u2019Aaron\u2026\u00a0\u00bb)\u00a0; Yomrou na yir\u00e9 A-dona\u00ef\u2026<\/em> (\u00ab\u00a0Qu\u2019ainsi disent ceux qui craignent l\u2019Eternel\u2026\u00a0\u00bb)\u00a0; et Anna A-dona\u00ef hochi\u2019a na, anna A-dona\u00ef hatsli\u2019ha na<\/em> (\u00ab\u00a0De gr\u00e2ce, Eternel, d\u00e9livre-nous, de gr\u00e2ce, Eternel, accorde-nous la r\u00e9ussite\u00a0\u00bb). C\u2019est une mitsva, a priori, qu\u2019il y ait au s\u00e9der trois adultes, afin de dire ainsi ces versets (Rama 479, 1)[x]<\/a><\/sup>. Toutefois, une personne isol\u00e9e elle-m\u00eame, quand elle r\u00e9cite seule le Hallel, accomplit la mitsva du Hallel. Si l\u2019on n\u2019est que deux, on r\u00e9citera ensemble les versets (Michna Beroura<\/em> 479, 10-11).<\/p>\n

Apr\u00e8s cela, on r\u00e9cite le Hallel hagadol (\u00ab\u00a0grand Hallel\u00a0\u00bb), c\u2019est-\u00e0-dire le psaume 136\u00a0; puis on dit l\u2019hymne Nichmat<\/em>, qui s\u2019ach\u00e8ve par la b\u00e9n\u00e9diction du cantique (Birkat hachir<\/em>). Il y a diff\u00e9rentes versions de la b\u00e9n\u00e9diction\u00a0: les S\u00e9farades disent la b\u00e9n\u00e9diction Yehaleloukha<\/em>, qui conclut habituellement le Hallel, tandis que les Ashk\u00e9nazes disent la b\u00e9n\u00e9diction Yichtaba\u2019h<\/em>, conclusion habituelle des Pessouq\u00e9 dezimra<\/em>. Apr\u00e8s cela, on continue de dire diff\u00e9rents po\u00e8mes (piyoutim<\/em>), \u00e9crits \u00e0 l\u2019\u00e9poque des Richonim. (Voir \u00a7 31, o\u00f9 l\u2019on voit qu\u2019il est bon d\u2019achever la b\u00e9n\u00e9diction avant le milieu de la nuit).<\/p>\n

Suivant l\u2019usage majoritaire, la quatri\u00e8me coupe se boit tout de suite apr\u00e8s la b\u00e9n\u00e9diction du cantique, laquelle conclut le s\u00e9der, tel que les sages l\u2019institu\u00e8rent \u00e0 l\u2019\u00e9poque de la Michna, tandis que les po\u00e8mes qu\u2019on lit ensuite sont seulement une coutume. Toutefois, certains ont l\u2019usage de boire la quatri\u00e8me coupe apr\u00e8s quelques po\u00e8mes suppl\u00e9mentaires, afin que ceux-ci soient \u00e9galement r\u00e9cit\u00e9s en pr\u00e9sence de la coupe de vin, et qu\u2019ils soient eux aussi inclus dans l\u2019ordonnancement de la Haggada (cf. Michna Beroura<\/em> 480, 6). Chaque famille poursuivra selon ses usages.<\/p>\n

Selon la coutume s\u00e9farade, on ne r\u00e9cite pas la b\u00e9n\u00e9diction Bor\u00e9 peri hagu\u00e9fen<\/em> (\u00ab\u00a0qui cr\u00e9es le fruit de la vigne\u00a0\u00bb) avant de boire la quatri\u00e8me coupe\u00a0; suivant la coutume ashk\u00e9naze, on la r\u00e9cite (comme nous l\u2019expliquons ci-dessus, \u00a7 21). Apr\u00e8s avoir bu cette coupe, on r\u00e9cite la b\u00e9n\u00e9diction finale, \u2018Al hagu\u00e9fen<\/em>.<\/p>\n

\n
\n
\n[w]<\/a>. On parle ici de la seconde moiti\u00e9 du Hallel, la premi\u00e8re ayant \u00e9t\u00e9 r\u00e9cit\u00e9e avant le repas (cf. ci-dessus, \u00a7 20).<\/p>\n

[x]<\/a>. De fa\u00e7on que l\u2019un r\u00e9cite chaque verset et que les deux autres le r\u00e9p\u00e8tent.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

\u00c0 la suite du Birkat hamazon (actions de gr\u00e2ce qui suivent le repas), on boit la troisi\u00e8me coupe, apr\u00e8s quoi on verse la quatri\u00e8me, afin de dire, en sa pr\u00e9sence, le Hallel[w], puis le Hallel hagadol (\u00ab\u00a0grand Hallel\u00a0\u00bb). Avant m\u00eame de commencer le Hallel, on dit les versets commen\u00e7ant par Chefokh \u2018hamatekha el hagoyim acher […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":9,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[85],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-1046","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-04-16"],"yoast_head":"\n35. R\u00e9citation du Hallel, du Hallel hagadol et de Nichmat - Pnin\u00e9 Halakha<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/ph.yhb.org.il\/fr\/04-16-35\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"fr_FR\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"35. R\u00e9citation du Hallel, du Hallel hagadol et de Nichmat - Pnin\u00e9 Halakha\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"\u00c0 la suite du Birkat hamazon (actions de gr\u00e2ce qui suivent le repas), on boit la troisi\u00e8me coupe, apr\u00e8s quoi on verse la quatri\u00e8me, afin de dire, en sa pr\u00e9sence, le Hallel[w], puis le Hallel hagadol (\u00ab\u00a0grand Hallel\u00a0\u00bb). 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