{"id":113,"date":"2016-01-16T04:00:46","date_gmt":"2016-01-16T02:00:46","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/ph.yhb.org.il\/fr\/?p=113"},"modified":"2018-03-19T11:53:11","modified_gmt":"2018-03-19T09:53:11","slug":"05-16-04","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/ph.yhb.org.il\/fr\/05-16-04\/","title":{"rendered":"04. Envoi de mets \u00e0 son prochain (michloa\u2019h manot<\/em>)"},"content":{"rendered":"

C\u2019est une mitsva pour chacun, \u00e0 Pourim, que d\u2019envoyer \u00e0 une autre personne deux mets (mana<\/em>, plur. manot<\/em>), afin d\u2019accro\u00eetre l\u2019affection entre soi et son prochain. Le d\u00e9veloppement de l\u2019amour au sein du peuple juif tient de l\u2019essence m\u00eame du jour de Pourim, en ce que, ce jour-l\u00e0, se r\u00e9v\u00e9la la saintet\u00e9 d\u2019Isra\u00ebl, attach\u00e9<\/em> \u00e0 l\u2019Eternel et \u00e0 sa Torah\u00a0; or une \u00e9tincelle de cette saintet\u00e9 existe en chaque Juif. Aussi convient-il, \u00e0 Pourim, d\u2019exprimer concr\u00e8tement l\u2019amour qui relie l\u2019homme \u00e0 son prochain (cf. ci-dessus, \u00a7 2).<\/p>\n

Les manot<\/em> sont des pr\u00e9sents alimentaires, destin\u00e9s \u00e0 accro\u00eetre la joie de Pourim. Or il est connu que, lorsqu\u2019on mange des mets de qualit\u00e9, savoureux, pr\u00e9par\u00e9s par autrui, l\u2019amour se renforce entre l\u2019homme et son prochain. Autre motif\u00a0de cette mitsva : certaines personnes, sans \u00eatre r\u00e9ellement pauvres \u2013 car elles peuvent acheter les aliments n\u00e9cessaires \u00e0 un repas de base \u2013, ne peuvent acheter d\u2019aliments de tr\u00e8s bonne qualit\u00e9 pour faire un agr\u00e9able repas de f\u00eate. Par l\u2019envoi de manot<\/em>, on peut leur offrir, de mani\u00e8re honorable, de bons mets pour le repas de Pourim.<\/p>\n

La r\u00e8gle veut que, en envoyant deux mets \u00e0 son prochain, on s\u2019acquitte de son obligation. Nos sages prescrivent d\u2019envoyer \u00e0 tout le moins deux mets, afin d\u2019exprimer ainsi son affection. En effet, par un seul met, on peut \u00eatre simplement utile \u00e0 son prochain, de mani\u00e8re qu\u2019il ne reste pas affam\u00e9\u00a0; mais lorsqu\u2019on lui envoie deux mets, on veut qu\u2019il profite \u00e9galement de la vari\u00e9t\u00e9 des aliments. Cela est le minimum\u00a0prescrit ; mais quiconque envoie de nombreux mets \u00e0 autrui, afin d\u2019ajouter \u00e0 l\u2019affection, \u00e0 la fraternit\u00e9, \u00e0 la paix et \u00e0 l\u2019amiti\u00e9 entre soi-m\u00eame et les autres, est digne d\u2019\u00e9loge[3]<\/a><\/sup>.<\/p>\n

\n
\n
\n[3]<\/a>. La raison d\u2019\u00eatre principale de la mitsva de michloa\u2019h manot<\/em> est d\u2019attiser l\u2019amour et la fraternit\u00e9, qui sont le th\u00e8me du jour. C\u2019est ce qu\u2019\u00e9crivent le Maharal dans Or \u2018Hadach<\/em> 9, 22 et Rabbi Salomon Alkabetz dans Manot Hal\u00e9vi<\/em>. Selon le Teroumat Had\u00e9chen<\/em> 111, les mets envoy\u00e9s sont destin\u00e9s \u00e0 servir au festin de Pourim, et \u00e0 aider ceux qui manquent de nourriture.<\/p>\n

Selon les responsa Binyan Tsion<\/em> 44, il faut, a priori, envoyer les mets par l\u2019interm\u00e9diaire d\u2019un tiers (chalia\u2019h<\/em>, \u00ab\u00a0mandataire\u00a0\u00bb)\u00a0[car le livre d\u2019Esther parle de michloa\u2019h manot<\/em>\u00a0: litt\u00e9ralement, envoi <\/em>de mets, ce qui laisse entendre une m\u00e9diation entre l\u2019exp\u00e9diteur et le destinataire] ; mais de nombreux d\u00e9cisionnaires ne formulent pas cette exigence. Cf. Torat Hamo\u2019adim<\/em> 9, 23. Le Rama 695, 4 \u00e9crit que, si l\u2019on a envoy\u00e9 les mets \u00e0 son prochain, et que celui-ci n\u2019ait pas voulu les recevoir, on est quitte. La raison en est que l\u2019on a d\u00e9j\u00e0, par cet envoi, exprim\u00e9 son affection. Mais le Peri \u2018Hadach<\/em> et le \u2018Hatam Sofer<\/em> ne partagent pas cet avis. Et la majorit\u00e9 des d\u00e9cisionnaires ont tendance \u00e0 \u00eatre rigoureux \u00e0 cet \u00e9gard. Il convient de signaler que, de l\u2019avis de certains A\u2019haronim, il faut faire parvenir \u00e0 son prochain les deux mets ensemble<\/em> [dans le m\u00eame panier ou envoi] (Kaf Ha\u2019ha\u00efm<\/em> 695, 36, Torat Hamo\u2019adim<\/em> 9, 11).<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

C\u2019est une mitsva pour chacun, \u00e0 Pourim, que d\u2019envoyer \u00e0 une autre personne deux mets (mana, plur. manot), afin d\u2019accro\u00eetre l\u2019affection entre soi et son prochain. Le d\u00e9veloppement de l\u2019amour au sein du peuple juif tient de l\u2019essence m\u00eame du jour de Pourim, en ce que, ce jour-l\u00e0, se r\u00e9v\u00e9la la saintet\u00e9 d\u2019Isra\u00ebl, attach\u00e9 \u00e0 […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[40],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-113","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-05-16"],"yoast_head":"\n04. Envoi de mets \u00e0 son prochain (michloa\u2019h manot) - Pnin\u00e9 Halakha<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/ph.yhb.org.il\/fr\/05-16-04\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"fr_FR\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"04. Envoi de mets \u00e0 son prochain (michloa\u2019h manot) - Pnin\u00e9 Halakha\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"C\u2019est une mitsva pour chacun, \u00e0 Pourim, que d\u2019envoyer \u00e0 une autre personne deux mets (mana, plur. manot), afin d\u2019accro\u00eetre l\u2019affection entre soi et son prochain. Le d\u00e9veloppement de l\u2019amour au sein du peuple juif tient de l\u2019essence m\u00eame du jour de Pourim, en ce que, ce jour-l\u00e0, se r\u00e9v\u00e9la la saintet\u00e9 d\u2019Isra\u00ebl, attach\u00e9 \u00e0 […]\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:url\" content=\"https:\/\/ph.yhb.org.il\/fr\/05-16-04\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:site_name\" content=\"Pnin\u00e9 Halakha\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:published_time\" content=\"2016-01-16T02:00:46+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:modified_time\" content=\"2018-03-19T09:53:11+00:00\" \/>\n<meta name=\"author\" content=\"\u05de\u05e0\u05d4\u05dc \u05d4\u05d0\u05ea\u05e8\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:card\" content=\"summary_large_image\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:label1\" content=\"\u00c9crit par\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data1\" content=\"\u05de\u05e0\u05d4\u05dc \u05d4\u05d0\u05ea\u05e8\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:label2\" content=\"Dur\u00e9e de lecture estim\u00e9e\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data2\" content=\"3 minutes\" \/>\n<script type=\"application\/ld+json\" class=\"yoast-schema-graph\">{\"@context\":\"https:\\\/\\\/schema.org\",\"@graph\":[{\"@type\":\"Article\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/ph.yhb.org.il\\\/fr\\\/05-16-04\\\/#article\",\"isPartOf\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/ph.yhb.org.il\\\/fr\\\/05-16-04\\\/\"},\"author\":{\"name\":\"\u05de\u05e0\u05d4\u05dc \u05d4\u05d0\u05ea\u05e8\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/ph.yhb.org.il\\\/fr\\\/#\\\/schema\\\/person\\\/716cb852d9b9d1fb36cf3b60a4415178\"},\"headline\":\"04. 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