{"id":141,"date":"2016-01-16T15:00:19","date_gmt":"2016-01-16T13:00:19","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/ph.yhb.org.il\/fr\/?p=141"},"modified":"2018-03-19T11:58:34","modified_gmt":"2018-03-19T09:58:34","slug":"05-16-15","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/ph.yhb.org.il\/fr\/05-16-15\/","title":{"rendered":"15. Heure du festin, quand Pourim tombe un vendredi"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>Quand Pourim tombe la veille de Chabbat, on a coutume, a priori, de commencer le festin avant le midi solaire, en raison de l\u2019honneur d\u00fb au Chabbat. Si l\u2019on n\u2019a pas eu le temps de commencer le festin avant midi, on s\u2019efforcera de commencer au moins trois heures solaires avant le coucher du soleil. A posteriori, on pourra commencer jusqu\u2019au coucher du soleil. Quoi qu\u2019il en soit, si l\u2019on a commenc\u00e9 le festin peu de temps avant Chabbat, on s\u2019efforcera de limiter sa consommation, afin de pouvoir manger avec app\u00e9tit le repas du soir de Chabbat.<\/p>\n<p>Il existe une autre coutume, consistant \u00e0 joindre le festin de Pourim au repas du soir de Chabbat. Certains grands ma\u00eetres suivent cet usage, mais d\u2019autres disent qu\u2019il ne faut l\u2019emprunter qu\u2019a posteriori. Cet usage consiste \u00e0 faire la pri\u00e8re de Min\u2019ha avant le festin et \u00e0 faire d\u00e9buter celui-ci durant la journ\u00e9e de Pourim\u00a0; puis, une demi-heure environ avant le coucher du soleil, on accueille le Chabbat en allumant les veilleuses sabbatiques\u00a0; on recouvre le pain d\u2019un couvre-pain, et l\u2019on r\u00e9cite le Qidouch de Chabbat sur le vin. Puisque l\u2019on a d\u00e9j\u00e0 r\u00e9cit\u00e9 la b\u00e9n\u00e9diction du vin pendant le festin de Pourim, on omet, dans le Qidouch, la b\u00e9n\u00e9diction <em>Bor\u00e9 peri hagu\u00e9fen<\/em>. Apr\u00e8s le Qidouch, on continue le repas, et l\u2019on doit alors manger un<em> kabeitsa <\/em>de pain, ou, \u00e0 tout le moins, un <em>kaza\u00eft<\/em>, au titre du repas de Chabbat. \u00c0 l\u2019issue du repas, on r\u00e9citera, dans le <em>Birkat hamazon<\/em>, le passage sp\u00e9cifique au Chabbat, <em>Rets\u00e9 v\u00e9ha\u2019halits\u00e9nou<\/em>\u00a0; quant au passage de Pourim, <em>\u2018Al hanissim<\/em>, on l\u2019inclura dans la s\u00e9rie des phrases commen\u00e7ant par <em>Hara\u2019haman<\/em>, qui figurent \u00e0 la fin du <em>Birkat hamazon<\/em>. Apr\u00e8s le repas, on fera la pri\u00e8re d\u2019Arvit<sup><a href='#_te01ftn16_18' id='_te01ftnref16_18' class='aup1'>[18]<\/a><\/sup>.<\/p>\n<div>\n<hr size=\"1\" \/>\n<div>\n<a href='#_te01ftnref16_18' id='_te01ftn16_18'>[18]<\/a>. Selon les responsa du Maharil 56, lorsque Pourim tombe un vendredi, on peut commencer le festin peu de temps apr\u00e8s l\u2019heure de <em>Min\u2019ha qetana<\/em> (environ trois heures avant la fin de la journ\u00e9e). Selon le Rama 695, 2, on fera le festin le matin, et le <em>Michna Beroura<\/em> 10 \u00e9crit qu\u2019on le fera a priori avant le midi solaire. A posteriori, on pourra le commencer tant que le soleil n\u2019est pas couch\u00e9 (cf. <em>Michna Beroura<\/em> 529, 8).<\/p>\n<p>La coutume consistant \u00e0 \u00ab \u00e9tendre un couvre-pain\u00a0\u00bb (<em>prissat hamapa<\/em>) sur les pains de Chabbat, puis \u00e0 faire le Qidouch au cours du festin commenc\u00e9, a sa source dans le trait\u00e9 <em>Pessa\u2019him<\/em> 100a, et est expliqu\u00e9 par le <em>Choul\u2019han \u2018Aroukh<\/em> 271, 4. Le M\u00e9\u00efri adoptait cette coutume a priori, quand Pourim tombait un vendredi (M\u00e9\u00efri sur <em>Ketoubot<\/em> 7a), et certains A\u2019haronim ont pareille coutume\u00a0: cf. <em>Pisq\u00e9 Techouvot<\/em> 695, 6. Mais selon le <em>Kaf Ha\u2019ha\u00efm <\/em>271, 22, se fondant sur Rabbi Isaac Louria, on ne fait pas ainsi a priori, car le Qidouch doit se faire <em>apr\u00e8s<\/em> la pri\u00e8re d\u2019Arvit.<\/p>\n<p>S\u2019agissant du passage <em>\u2018Al hanissim<\/em>, dans le cas o\u00f9 l\u2019on fait cette jonction des deux repas en un seul\u00a0: le M\u00e9\u00efri et le <em>Maguen Avraham<\/em> 695, 9 estiment qu\u2019on dira aussi bien <em>Rets\u00e9<\/em> que <em>\u2018Al hanissim<\/em> \u00e0 la place habituelle que pr\u00e9voit le rituel. Pour le <em>Michna Beroura<\/em> 15, qui s\u2019appuie sur le <em>\u2018Hay\u00e9 Adam<\/em>, on ne dira pas <em>\u2018Al hanissim<\/em>. Nous \u00e9crivons ci-dessus qu\u2019on l\u2019int\u00e8grera \u00e0 la s\u00e9rie des phrases commen\u00e7ant par <em>Hara\u2019haman<\/em>, car, \u00e0 cet endroit, il est certain que cet ajout n\u2019invalide pas la lecture des b\u00e9n\u00e9dictions pr\u00e9c\u00e9dentes.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Quand Pourim tombe la veille de Chabbat, on a coutume, a priori, de commencer le festin avant le midi solaire, en raison de l\u2019honneur d\u00fb au Chabbat. Si l\u2019on n\u2019a pas eu le temps de commencer le festin avant midi, on s\u2019efforcera de commencer au moins trois heures solaires avant le coucher du soleil. A [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[40],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-141","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-05-16"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v27.9 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>15. Heure du festin, quand Pourim tombe un vendredi - Pnin\u00e9 Halakha<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/ph.yhb.org.il\/fr\/05-16-15\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"fr_FR\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"15. 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