{"id":1449,"date":"2016-01-16T00:03:08","date_gmt":"2016-01-15T22:03:08","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/ph.yhb.org.il\/fr\/?p=1449"},"modified":"2017-07-23T12:02:05","modified_gmt":"2017-07-23T09:02:05","slug":"01-16-03","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/ph.yhb.org.il\/fr\/01-16-03\/","title":{"rendered":"03. L\u2019interdit rabbinique de lire \u00e0 la lumi\u00e8re d\u2019une lampe \u00e0 huile"},"content":{"rendered":"

Nos sages ont interdit, le Chabbat, de lire \u00e0 la lumi\u00e8re d\u2019une lampe \u00e0 huile, de crainte que la flamme ne faiblisse et que l\u2019on n\u2019en vienne \u00e0 pencher la lampe afin d\u2019amener\u00a0davantage d\u2019huile vers la m\u00e8che, transgressant en cela l\u2019interdit toranique d\u2019allumer. Certes, nos sages font aussi obligation d\u2019allumer une veilleuse[d]<\/a><\/sup> en l\u2019honneur du Chabbat\u00a0; toutefois, le but de cette veilleuse est d\u2019\u00e9clairer le repas, lequel ne n\u00e9cessite pas un regard aussi scrutateur que celui qu\u2019impose la lecture. De m\u00eame, cet allumage a \u00e9t\u00e9 institu\u00e9 pour que l\u2019on puisse marcher chez soi sans se heurter aux meubles. Par contre, les sages ont interdit de faire, \u00e0 la lumi\u00e8re des veilleuses de Chabbat, une chose qui exige un regard scrutateur (\u2018iyoun rav<\/em>), de crainte que, en voulant mieux voir, on n\u2019incline la lampe. Si je veux lire \u00e0 la lumi\u00e8re de la veilleuse, je dois demander \u00e0 un camarade de me surveiller, afin de s\u2019assurer que je n\u2019incline point la lampe\u00a0; ou bien je peux \u00e9tudier de concert avec mon camarade, afin que nous nous surveillions l\u2019un l\u2019autre (Chabbat<\/em> 11a, Choul\u2019han \u2018Aroukh<\/em> 275, 1-3).<\/p>\n

Si la veilleuse est une bougie de paraffine, comme la majorit\u00e9 de nos veilleuses actuelles, de nombreux d\u00e9cisionnaires estiment qu\u2019il est permis, m\u00eame si l\u2019on est seul, d\u2019\u00e9tudier \u00e0 sa lumi\u00e8re, car il n\u2019est pas \u00e0 craindre de l\u2019incliner\u00a0: si l\u2019on incline la lampe \u00e0 huile, c\u2019est en effet pour rapprocher l\u2019huile de la m\u00e8che\u00a0; or dans une bougie de paraffine, la cire adh\u00e8re \u00e0 la m\u00e8che, et est d\u00e9j\u00e0 proche du feu. De m\u00eame il n\u2019est pas \u00e0 craindre d\u2019en venir \u00e0 moucher la m\u00e8che, car une bougie de paraffine br\u00fble bien, et il n\u2019est pas besoin de s\u2019en occuper apr\u00e8s l\u2019avoir allum\u00e9e (Michna Beroura<\/em> 275, 4, Kaf Ha\u2019ha\u00efm <\/em>275, 11).<\/p>\n

Il est permis au particulier d\u2019\u00e9tudier \u00e0 la lumi\u00e8re d\u2019une ampoule \u00e9lectrique. M\u00eame quand il y a deux interrupteurs, commandant chacun une ampoule, et que l\u2019on n\u2019en a allum\u00e9e qu\u2019une, il est permis d\u2019\u00e9tudier \u00e0 sa lumi\u00e8re. Et m\u00eame quand il existe une possibilit\u00e9 de tourner l\u2019interrupteur et d\u2019augmenter ainsi l\u2019\u00e9clairage dispens\u00e9 par l\u2019ampoule, il reste permis d\u2019\u00e9tudier \u00e0 sa lumi\u00e8re. En effet, le motif du d\u00e9cret de nos sages tient dans la possibilit\u00e9 que la flamme faiblisse et que l\u2019on en vienne \u00e0 incliner la veilleuse pour lui redonner sa pr\u00e9c\u00e9dente force\u00a0; en revanche, nos ma\u00eetres n\u2019ont pas craint que l\u2019on n\u2019en vienne \u00e0 allumer une veilleuse suppl\u00e9mentaire, ou \u00e0 ajouter de l\u2019huile \u00e0 la lampe. Or, puisque la lumi\u00e8re de l\u2019ampoule \u00e9lectrique n\u2019est pas sujette \u00e0 faiblir, on ne craint pas d\u2019en venir \u00e0 allumer une autre ampoule, ou d\u2019augmenter l\u2019intensit\u00e9 de la lumi\u00e8re. En tout \u00e9tat de cause, a priori, il est bon, dans un tel cas, de placer sur l\u2019interrupteur une \u00e9tiquette o\u00f9 soit inscrit le mot Chabbat<\/em>, afin que l\u2019on n\u2019augmente pas la lumi\u00e8re par erreur (Chemirat Chabbat Kehilkhata<\/em> 13, 37, Ye\u2019hav\u00e9 Da\u2019at<\/em> VI 20).<\/p>\n

\n
\n
\n[d]<\/a>. \u00a0Sur l\u2019allumage des lumi\u00e8res de Chabbat, voir le tome 1, chapitre 4.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Nos sages ont interdit, le Chabbat, de lire \u00e0 la lumi\u00e8re d\u2019une lampe \u00e0 huile, de crainte que la flamme ne faiblisse et que l\u2019on n\u2019en vienne \u00e0 pencher la lampe afin d\u2019amener\u00a0davantage d\u2019huile vers la m\u00e8che, transgressant en cela l\u2019interdit toranique d\u2019allumer. Certes, nos sages font aussi obligation d\u2019allumer une veilleuse[d] en l\u2019honneur du […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":10,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[96],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-1449","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-01-16"],"yoast_head":"\n03. 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