{"id":2285,"date":"2016-02-23T00:04:16","date_gmt":"2016-02-22T22:04:16","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/ph.yhb.org.il\/fr\/?p=2285"},"modified":"2017-08-15T10:29:08","modified_gmt":"2017-08-15T07:29:08","slug":"02-23-04","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/ph.yhb.org.il\/fr\/02-23-04\/","title":{"rendered":"04 \u2013 Psaume du jour (Chir chel yom<\/em>)"},"content":{"rendered":"

Puisque l\u2019office de Cha\u2019harit a \u00e9t\u00e9 institu\u00e9 en r\u00e9f\u00e9rence au sacrifice journalier, et qu\u2019apr\u00e8s l\u2019oblation du sacrifice, les l\u00e9vites chantaient le cantique du jour, on a pris l\u2019usage de r\u00e9citer ce cantique \u00e0 la fin de la pri\u00e8re (Sofrim<\/em> 18, 1). Toutefois, \u00e0 l\u2019origine, nos sages n\u2019ont pas fait de cet usage une obligation, et l\u2019on trouvait certaines communaut\u00e9s qui n\u2019avaient pas coutume de lire le psaume du jour. \u00c0 la fin de la p\u00e9riode des Richonim, tout le monde avait d\u00e9j\u00e0 pris l\u2019usage de le lire[4]<\/a><\/sup>.<\/p>\n

Avant de r\u00e9citer le psaume, on mentionne le jour\u00a0: \u00ab\u00a0Aujourd\u2019hui, premier <\/em>jour\u00a0\u00e0 compter du Chabbat\u00a0\u00bb, cela, afin d\u2019accomplir la mitsva de se souvenir du jour de Chabbat tous les jours de la semaine (d\u2019apr\u00e8s Na\u2019hmanide sur Ex 20, 8, et Rabbi Isaac Louria, tel que le cite le Kaf Ha\u2019ha\u00efm<\/em> 132, 26).<\/p>\n

Dans le rituel s\u00e9farade, on ajoute, avant le psaume du jour, le cantique T\u00e9phila l\u00e9-David<\/em> (Ps 86), puis un groupe de versets commen\u00e7ant par les mots Beit Yaaqov<\/em>, ainsi que le psaume 124, Chir hamaalot l\u00e9-David<\/em> (Cantique des degr\u00e9s, de David). Les jours de r\u00e9jouissance, de m\u00eame que l\u2019on ne r\u00e9cite pas le psaume 20, Lamnats\u00e9a\u2019h<\/em> (\u00ab\u00a0Au chef des chantres, cantique de David. L\u2019Eternel te r\u00e9pondra au jour de d\u00e9tresse\u00a0\u00bb), qui se trouve apr\u00e8s Achr\u00e9\/Tehila l\u00e9-David <\/em>(Ps 145), on ne r\u00e9cite pas non plus T\u00e9phila l\u00e9-David<\/em> (Ps 86). En effet, il y est dit\u00a0: \u00ab\u00a0Au jour de ma d\u00e9tresse, je T\u2019appelle\u00a0\u00bb (Pisq\u00e9 Techouva<\/em> 132, 11). Dans les livres de pri\u00e8re de la tradition sfard<\/em>-\u2018hassidique, ces passages sont \u00e9galement imprim\u00e9s, mais nombreux sont ceux qui en omettent la lecture et ne lisent que le psaume du jour, comme le veut la coutume ashk\u00e9naze.<\/p>\n

Autre diff\u00e9rence entre les rituels\u00a0: selon la coutume ashk\u00e9naze, on dit d\u2019abord \u2018Al\u00e9nou l\u00e9chab\u00e9a\u2019h<\/em>, puis le psaume du jour, et ensuite seulement les paragraphes de l\u2019encens (Qetoret<\/em>). Tandis que, suivant l\u2019usage s\u00e9farade et sfard<\/em>, on dit d\u2019abord le psaume du jour, puis les paragraphes de l\u2019encens, et enfin \u2018Al\u00e9nou l\u00e9chab\u00e9a\u2019h<\/em> (nous pr\u00e9senterons ici les r\u00e8gles relatives \u00e0 ces diff\u00e9rents textes suivant l\u2019ordre s\u00e9farade et sfard<\/em>).<\/p>\n

Si l\u2019on a pour coutume de suivre tel rituel et que l\u2019on prie au sein d\u2019un minyan dans lequel l\u2019officiant en observe un autre, il vaut mieux, de l\u2019avis de certains d\u00e9cisionnaires, prier suivant le rituel de l\u2019officiant. D\u2019autres d\u00e9cisionnaires pensent qu\u2019il vaut mieux prier selon le rituel de ses p\u00e8res, \u00e0 condition de ne pas \u00eatre assis lorsque toute l\u2019assembl\u00e9e est debout, pendant \u2018Al\u00e9nou l\u00e9chab\u00e9a\u2019h\u00a0<\/em>; cela, afin de ne pas mettre en relief les diff\u00e9rences de rite (voir plus haut, chap. 6 \u00a7 5).<\/p>\n

\n
\n
\n[4]<\/a>. Dans le sidour de Rav Amram Gaon, il est dit que l\u2019on r\u00e9cite le psaume du jour apr\u00e8s les paragraphes de l\u2019encens (Pitoum haqetoret<\/em>). Dans la version de l\u2019office selon Ma\u00efmonide, \u00e0 la fin de Michn\u00e9 Torah<\/em>, Ahava<\/em>, l\u2019auteur \u00e9crit\u00a0: \u00ab\u00a0Une partie du peuple a l\u2019usage de lire\u2026\u00a0\u00bb Bien qu\u2019au Temple, on r\u00e9cit\u00e2t le psaume du jour \u00e9galement apr\u00e8s le sacrifice journalier de l\u2019apr\u00e8s-midi, nous n\u2019avons pas l\u2019usage de le dire \u00e0 Min\u2019ha. Le Michna Beroura<\/em> 132, 16 en explique la raison\u00a0: m\u00eame \u00e0 l\u2019\u00e9poque du Temple, si l\u2019on tardait \u00e0 apporter les libations en les repoussant \u00e0 la nuit, on ne r\u00e9citait pas alors le psaume, car on ne r\u00e9cite pas de chira <\/em>(cantique) la nuit.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Puisque l\u2019office de Cha\u2019harit a \u00e9t\u00e9 institu\u00e9 en r\u00e9f\u00e9rence au sacrifice journalier, et qu\u2019apr\u00e8s l\u2019oblation du sacrifice, les l\u00e9vites chantaient le cantique du jour, on a pris l\u2019usage de r\u00e9citer ce cantique \u00e0 la fin de la pri\u00e8re (Sofrim 18, 1). Toutefois, \u00e0 l\u2019origine, nos sages n\u2019ont pas fait de cet usage une obligation, et […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":10,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[132],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-2285","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-02-23"],"yoast_head":"\n04 \u2013 Psaume du jour (Chir chel yom) - Pnin\u00e9 Halakha<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/ph.yhb.org.il\/fr\/02-23-04\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"fr_FR\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"04 \u2013 Psaume du jour (Chir chel yom) - Pnin\u00e9 Halakha\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Puisque l\u2019office de Cha\u2019harit a \u00e9t\u00e9 institu\u00e9 en r\u00e9f\u00e9rence au sacrifice journalier, et qu\u2019apr\u00e8s l\u2019oblation du sacrifice, les l\u00e9vites chantaient le cantique du jour, on a pris l\u2019usage de r\u00e9citer ce cantique \u00e0 la fin de la pri\u00e8re (Sofrim 18, 1). 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