{"id":2534,"date":"2000-03-08T00:04:41","date_gmt":"2000-03-07T22:04:41","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/ph.yhb.org.il\/fr\/?p=2534"},"modified":"2017-11-07T13:05:16","modified_gmt":"2017-11-07T11:05:16","slug":"03-08-04","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/ph.yhb.org.il\/fr\/03-08-04\/","title":{"rendered":"04. Activit\u00e9s interdites \u00e0 l\u2019approche de la pri\u00e8re du matin"},"content":{"rendered":"

D\u00e8s que se l\u00e8ve l\u2019aube et que sonne l\u2019heure de la pri\u00e8re de Cha\u2019harit, on doit se pr\u00e9senter devant Dieu pour prier. On ne donnera pas \u00e0 son propre honneur priorit\u00e9 sur l\u2019honneur d\u00fb au Ciel. Aussi, nos sages \u00e9tablissent qu\u2019il est interdit de se livrer \u00e0 son travail, de se mettre en chemin ou de manger avant de prier. On ne donnera pas non plus priorit\u00e9 \u00e0 l\u2019honneur de son prochain sur celui d\u00fb au Ciel, ce qui interdit, avant de prier, de rendre visite \u00e0 son prochain pour lui demander de ses nouvelles.<\/p>\n

En principe, la r\u00e8gle est la m\u00eame pour les femmes\u00a0; simplement, elle se d\u00e9cline en diff\u00e9rents cas\u00a0: quand une femme a l\u2019usage d\u2019\u00eatre indulgente, et de ne s\u2019acquitter de sa pri\u00e8re que par les b\u00e9n\u00e9dictions matinales et par celles de la Torah, elle devra \u00eatre rigoureuse par ailleurs en s\u2019abstenant des susdites actions avant d\u2019avoir r\u00e9cit\u00e9 ces b\u00e9n\u00e9dictions. Si elle a l\u2019usage d\u2019agir conform\u00e9ment \u00e0 l\u2019avis de la majorit\u00e9 des d\u00e9cisionnaires, et de r\u00e9citer la \u2018Amida chaque matin, elle devra prendre soin de s\u2019abstenir desdites actions jusqu\u2019\u00e0 ce qu\u2019elle ait r\u00e9cit\u00e9 la \u2018Amida de Cha\u2019harit. Toutefois, en cas de n\u00e9cessit\u00e9, m\u00eame si l\u2019on a l\u2019usage de r\u00e9citer chaque matin la \u2018Amida de Cha\u2019harit, on pourra s\u2019appuyer sur l\u2019opinion indulgente\u00a0: apr\u00e8s avoir r\u00e9cit\u00e9 les b\u00e9n\u00e9dictions matinales et de la Torah, on sera autoris\u00e9 \u00e0 faire l\u2019ensemble desdites activit\u00e9s. Si l\u2019on a l\u2019usage de r\u00e9citer la \u2018Amida parfois \u00e0 Cha\u2019harit et parfois \u00e0 Min\u2019ha, on s\u2019efforcera, les jours o\u00f9 l\u2019on dit la \u2018Amida \u00e0 Cha\u2019harit, de ne pas s\u2019adonner \u00e0 ces activit\u00e9s avant que de prier. En cas de n\u00e9cessit\u00e9, il sera permis d\u2019\u00eatre indulgent et de s\u2019adonner auxdites activit\u00e9s apr\u00e8s avoir r\u00e9cit\u00e9 les b\u00e9n\u00e9dictions matinales et celles de la Torah[5]<\/a><\/sup>.<\/p>\n

\n
\n
\n[5]<\/a>. A premi\u00e8re vue, tous les interdits pesant sur les hommes p\u00e8sent \u00e9galement sur les femmes puisque, selon la majorit\u00e9 des d\u00e9cisionnaires, les femmes sont tenues de r\u00e9citer la \u2018Amida de Cha\u2019harit et celle de Min\u2019ha, comme nous l\u2019avons vu au chap. 2 \u00a7 2. Toutefois, dans la mesure o\u00f9, selon certains, les femmes s\u2019acquittent de leur obligation par les b\u00e9n\u00e9dictions matinales et celles de la Torah, elles sont autoris\u00e9es, une fois lesdites b\u00e9n\u00e9dictions r\u00e9cit\u00e9es et selon cette opinion, \u00e0 se livrer \u00e0 toutes leurs activit\u00e9s. De m\u00eame, selon ceux qui pensent qu\u2019elles sont tenues de r\u00e9citer une \u2018Amida par jour, les femmes sont autoris\u00e9es \u00e0 prier \u00e0 Min\u2019ha plut\u00f4t qu\u2019\u00e0 Cha\u2019harit, si bien que les activit\u00e9s interdites avant Cha\u2019harit ne p\u00e8sent pas sur elles. Par cons\u00e9quent, il semble que, si l\u2019on a coutume de r\u00e9citer chaque jour la \u2018Amida de Cha\u2019harit, il faille observer toutes les abstentions pesant sur les hommes\u00a0; si l\u2019on n\u2019a pas une telle r\u00e9gularit\u00e9 \u00e0 l\u2019\u00e9gard de la \u2018Amida de Cha\u2019harit, il sera juste de prendre soin de dire les b\u00e9n\u00e9dictions matinales et celles de la Torah, avant de se livrer \u00e0 ses occupations. Certes, si l\u2019on a coutume d\u2019accomplir la mitsva de la pri\u00e8re \u00e0 l\u2019heure de Min\u2019ha, il sera permis de se livrer \u00e0 toutes ces activit\u00e9s, car ces abstentions n\u2019ont \u00e9t\u00e9 institu\u00e9es qu\u2019\u00e0 l\u2019approche de Cha\u2019harit. Simplement, il sera juste, en tout \u00e9tat de cause, d\u2019avoir soin de r\u00e9citer les b\u00e9n\u00e9dictions matinales et celles de la Torah au matin, peu apr\u00e8s son r\u00e9veil\u00a0; c\u2019est pourquoi nous n\u2019avons pas davantage sp\u00e9cifi\u00e9 les diff\u00e9rents cas. De plus, si l\u2019on se livre \u00e0 ses activit\u00e9s avant de r\u00e9citer les b\u00e9n\u00e9dictions matinales et celles de la Torah, il y a lieu de craindre que l\u2019on n\u2019oublie de les r\u00e9citer. Il est donc souhaitable de donner pour consigne, en tout \u00e9tat de cause, de r\u00e9citer en premier lieu les b\u00e9n\u00e9dictions matinales et celles de la Torah.<\/li>\n

M\u00eame si l\u2019on a coutume de r\u00e9citer chaque matin la \u2018Amida de Cha\u2019harit, il est permis, en cas de grande n\u00e9cessit\u00e9, d\u2019\u00eatre indulgente et de s\u2019adonner \u00e0 toutes les activit\u00e9s cit\u00e9es ci-dessus avant de prier, \u00e0 condition de dire au pr\u00e9alable les b\u00e9n\u00e9dictions du matin et celles de la Torah. En effet, on peut s\u2019appuyer alors sur l\u2019opinion selon laquelle, apr\u00e8s les b\u00e9n\u00e9dictions matinales, on est d\u00e9j\u00e0 autoris\u00e9 \u00e0 se livrer \u00e0 ses occupations et \u00e0 se mettre en chemin, comme le rapporte le Rama 89, 3. De plus, selon certains avis, les femmes s\u2019acquittent d\u00e9j\u00e0 de la pri\u00e8re par le biais des b\u00e9n\u00e9dictions matinales et des b\u00e9n\u00e9dictions de la Torah, si bien que, n\u00e9cessairement, elles n\u2019ont plus, apr\u00e8s cela, \u00e0 observer lesdites abstentions. C\u2019est d\u2019apr\u00e8s ces principes que nous r\u00e9digerons les r\u00e8gles suivantes. Cf. \u00e9galement Igrot Moch\u00e9<\/em>, Ora\u2019h \u2018Ha\u00efm<\/em> IV 101, 2\u00a0; Min\u2019hat Yits\u2019haq<\/em> IV 28, 3\u00a0; Halikhot Chelomo<\/em>, T\u00e9phila<\/em> 2, 3-4\u00a0; Halikhot Bat Isra\u00ebl<\/em> 2, 3-4\u00a0; Halikhot Beitah<\/em> 6, 7\u00a0; Ich\u00e9 Isra\u00ebl<\/em> 13, 30.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

D\u00e8s que se l\u00e8ve l\u2019aube et que sonne l\u2019heure de la pri\u00e8re de Cha\u2019harit, on doit se pr\u00e9senter devant Dieu pour prier. On ne donnera pas \u00e0 son propre honneur priorit\u00e9 sur l\u2019honneur d\u00fb au Ciel. Aussi, nos sages \u00e9tablissent qu\u2019il est interdit de se livrer \u00e0 son travail, de se mettre en chemin ou […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":10,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[146],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-2534","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-03-08"],"yoast_head":"\n04. 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