{"id":2585,"date":"2000-03-11T00:01:03","date_gmt":"2000-03-10T22:01:03","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/ph.yhb.org.il\/fr\/?p=2585"},"modified":"2017-11-08T10:33:12","modified_gmt":"2017-11-08T08:33:12","slug":"03-11-01","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/ph.yhb.org.il\/fr\/03-11-01\/","title":{"rendered":"01. Le lieu de la pri\u00e8re"},"content":{"rendered":"

Nos sages ont d\u00e9cr\u00e9t\u00e9, \u00e0 l\u2019intention des hommes, que ceux-ci devaient prier en communaut\u00e9 (minyan) et \u00e0 la synagogue\u00a0; pour les femmes, en revanche, ils n\u2019ont pas d\u00e9cr\u00e9t\u00e9 de prier en minyan. Certes, il y a un avantage \u00e9vident \u00e0 prier au sein d\u2019un minyan, \u00e0 la synagogue, car la Pr\u00e9sence divine repose sur le minyan, et la synagogue est un lieu consacr\u00e9 \u00e0 la pri\u00e8re\u00a0; de plus, si l\u2019on prie au sein d\u2019un minyan, on aura le m\u00e9rite de r\u00e9pondre amen <\/em>au Qaddich et \u00e0 la r\u00e9p\u00e9tition de la \u2018Amida, on se joindra \u00e0 la r\u00e9citation de la Q\u00e9doucha et de Modim<\/em>, et l\u2019on entendra la b\u00e9n\u00e9diction sacerdotale (Birkat Cohanim<\/em>). Cependant, nos sages n\u2019ont pas oblig\u00e9 les femmes de prier en minyan ni \u00e0 la synagogue, afin de ne pas cr\u00e9er de conflit entre les obligations de la pri\u00e8re publique \u00e0 la synagogue et les soins \u00e0 apporter \u00e0 sa famille. En effet, le soin de sa famille est une valeur plus importante (cf. chap. 3 \u00a7 2). Toutefois, comme nous l\u2019avons vu, les femmes doivent se livrer \u00e0 la pri\u00e8re en tant que telle, car elles aussi doivent demander mis\u00e9ricorde sur elles-m\u00eames[1]<\/a><\/sup>. Mais l\u2019institution de la pri\u00e8re publique<\/em> n\u2019est pas li\u00e9e au fait m\u00eame de demander mis\u00e9ricorde\u00a0: elle est une question distincte, qui requiert davantage de temps. \u00c0 ce suppl\u00e9ment d\u2019obligation, les sages n\u2019ont pas voulu soumettre les femmes (sur la diff\u00e9rence th\u00e9orique entre pri\u00e8res masculine et f\u00e9minine, cf. chap. 3 \u00a7 8-9).<\/p>\n

Toutefois, le Chabbat et les jours de f\u00eate, o\u00f9 l\u2019on a davantage de temps libre, nombreuses sont les femmes qui ont coutume de prier \u00e0 la synagogue. De m\u00eame, certaines femmes, surtout \u00e2g\u00e9es, sur qui ne p\u00e8se pas le joug d\u2019une famille, apportent \u00e0 leur pri\u00e8re ce suppl\u00e9ment de perfection consistant \u00e0 se rendre chaque jour \u00e0 la synagogue. Plus loin dans notre \u00e9tude, nous reviendrons \u00e0 la valeur particuli\u00e8re de la pri\u00e8re publique \u00e0 la synagogue (chap. 20 \u00a7 1-2\u00a0; 22 \u00a7 7).<\/p>\n

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\n
\n[1]<\/a>. D\u2019apr\u00e8s Na\u2019hmanide. Comme nous l\u2019avons vu au chap. 2 \u00a7 2, note 1, selon Na\u2019hmanide et la majorit\u00e9 des d\u00e9cisionnaires, les sages du Talmud font obligation aux femmes de r\u00e9citer les pri\u00e8res de Cha\u2019harit et de Min\u2019ha, bien que ces pri\u00e8res d\u00e9pendent du temps\u00a0; car d\u00e8s lors que les femmes doivent demander mis\u00e9ricorde, elles aussi s\u2019obligent \u00e0 ces pri\u00e8res. Tandis que selon Ma\u00efmonide (tel qu\u2019expliqu\u00e9 habituellement), la mitsva toranique de la pri\u00e8re ne d\u00e9pend pas d\u2019un temps d\u00e9termin\u00e9, et cette obligation n\u2019a cours qu\u2019une fois par jour. \u00c0 cette pri\u00e8re, ind\u00e9pendante de quelque temps fix\u00e9, les femmes sont tenues d\u2019apr\u00e8s la Torah elle-m\u00eame\u00a0; or, d\u00e8s lors que les sages ont institu\u00e9 les horaires des pri\u00e8res, les femmes, elles aussi, se doivent de prier au temps prescrit pour Cha\u2019harit, ou au temps prescrit pour Min\u2019ha, comme nous l\u2019expliquons au chap. 2 \u00a7 3, note 2.<\/li>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Nos sages ont d\u00e9cr\u00e9t\u00e9, \u00e0 l\u2019intention des hommes, que ceux-ci devaient prier en communaut\u00e9 (minyan) et \u00e0 la synagogue\u00a0; pour les femmes, en revanche, ils n\u2019ont pas d\u00e9cr\u00e9t\u00e9 de prier en minyan. Certes, il y a un avantage \u00e9vident \u00e0 prier au sein d\u2019un minyan, \u00e0 la synagogue, car la Pr\u00e9sence divine repose sur le […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":10,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[13],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-2585","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-03-11"],"yoast_head":"\n01. 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