{"id":2844,"date":"2000-03-23T00:10:29","date_gmt":"2000-03-22T22:10:29","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/ph.yhb.org.il\/fr\/?p=2844"},"modified":"2017-11-09T12:28:07","modified_gmt":"2017-11-09T10:28:07","slug":"03-23-10","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/ph.yhb.org.il\/fr\/03-23-10\/","title":{"rendered":"10. Compte de l\u2019Omer"},"content":{"rendered":"

Les femmes sont dispens\u00e9es de la mitsva de compter l\u2019Omer[d]<\/a><\/sup>, car il s\u2019agit d\u2019une mitsva positive conditionn\u00e9e par le temps. Toutefois, si elles souhaitent accomplir la mitsva, elles en retirent un m\u00e9rite. En ce cas, comme nous l\u2019avons vu (chap. 2 \u00a7 8), les usages diff\u00e8rent en mati\u00e8re de b\u00e9n\u00e9diction\u00a0: les femmes s\u00e9farades ne r\u00e9citeront pas la b\u00e9n\u00e9diction, les femmes ashk\u00e9nazes seront autoris\u00e9es \u00e0 la r\u00e9citer.<\/p>\n

N\u00e9anmoins, parmi les tenants de la coutume ashk\u00e9naze eux-m\u00eames, certains craignent que, dans la mesure o\u00f9 la femme ne se trouve pas \u00e0 la synagogue au moment du compte de l\u2019Omer, il y ait un s\u00e9rieux risque qu\u2019elle n\u2019oublie de compter quelque jour\u00a0; or il se pourrait qu\u2019elle n\u2019y pr\u00eate point attention, et qu\u2019elle continue de compter les jours suivants, en pronon\u00e7ant toujours la b\u00e9n\u00e9diction. Or, selon la halakha, si l\u2019on a oubli\u00e9 de compter un jour, on ne peut plus r\u00e9citer la b\u00e9n\u00e9diction les jours suivants. Et si on la r\u00e9citait, de l\u2019avis de nombreux auteurs, la b\u00e9n\u00e9diction serait vaine[e]<\/a><\/sup>\u00a0; aussi, afin de ne pas entrer dans un tel cas de doute, certains soutiennent que, m\u00eame selon la coutume ashk\u00e9naze, il est pr\u00e9f\u00e9rable de ne pas r\u00e9citer la b\u00e9n\u00e9diction de cette mitsva (Michna Beroura <\/strong>489, 5). D\u2019autres disent que, d\u2019apr\u00e8s la Kabbale, les femmes ne doivent pas compter l\u2019Omer (Rav Pe\u2019alim<\/strong> I, Sod Y\u00e9charim<\/strong> \u00a712). En revanche, d\u2019autres signalent que la coutume ashk\u00e9naze veut que les femmes comptent (Maguen Avraham<\/strong> 489, 1).<\/p>\n

Par cons\u00e9quent, si une femme se sait capable en son for int\u00e9rieur de compter chaque jour, et, en cas d\u2019oubli, de s\u2019en apercevoir et de continuer le compte sans b\u00e9n\u00e9diction, elle est autoris\u00e9e, suivant la coutume ashk\u00e9naze, \u00e0 compter en r\u00e9citant la b\u00e9n\u00e9diction. En particulier, si elle a l\u2019usage de r\u00e9citer chaque soir la pri\u00e8re d\u2019Arvit, ou si les gens de sa famille ont l\u2019habitude de lui rappeler de compter l\u2019Omer, la crainte d\u2019un oubli est moindre. Mais s\u2019il est raisonnablement \u00e0 craindre que l\u2019on oubliera de compter l\u2019un des jours, il sera pr\u00e9f\u00e9rable de compter sans b\u00e9n\u00e9diction.<\/p>\n

\n
\n
\n[d]<\/a>. Pendant les sept semaines qui s\u00e9parent le deuxi\u00e8me soir de Pessa\u2019h de la f\u00eate de Chavou\u2019ot, on compte les jours. Cette mitsva se nomme Omer<\/strong> (\u00ab\u00a0gerbe\u00a0\u00bb), du nom de l\u2019offrande d\u2019orge nouveau que l\u2019on apportait au Temple le deuxi\u00e8me jour de Pessa\u2019h. Ce compte est assorti d\u2019une b\u00e9n\u00e9diction.<\/li>\n

[e]<\/a>. La b\u00e9n\u00e9diction vaine (berakha l\u00e9vatala<\/strong>) est une b\u00e9n\u00e9diction dite quand il n\u2019est pas prescrit de la dire. C\u2019est un interdit s\u00e9v\u00e8re, que le Talmud rattache au troisi\u00e8me des Dix Commandements\u00a0: \u00ab\u00a0Tu n\u2019invoqueras pas le nom de l\u2019Eternel ton Dieu en vain\u00a0\u00bb (Ex 20, 7).<\/li>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Les femmes sont dispens\u00e9es de la mitsva de compter l\u2019Omer[d], car il s\u2019agit d\u2019une mitsva positive conditionn\u00e9e par le temps. Toutefois, si elles souhaitent accomplir la mitsva, elles en retirent un m\u00e9rite. En ce cas, comme nous l\u2019avons vu (chap. 2 \u00a7 8), les usages diff\u00e8rent en mati\u00e8re de b\u00e9n\u00e9diction\u00a0: les femmes s\u00e9farades ne r\u00e9citeront […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":10,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[25],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-2844","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-03-23"],"yoast_head":"\n10. 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En ce cas, comme nous l\u2019avons vu (chap. 2 \u00a7 8), les usages diff\u00e8rent en mati\u00e8re de b\u00e9n\u00e9diction\u00a0: les femmes s\u00e9farades ne r\u00e9citeront […]\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:url\" content=\"https:\/\/ph.yhb.org.il\/fr\/03-23-10\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:site_name\" content=\"Pnin\u00e9 Halakha\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:published_time\" content=\"2000-03-22T22:10:29+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:modified_time\" content=\"2017-11-09T10:28:07+00:00\" \/>\n<meta name=\"author\" content=\"\u05e6\u05d5\u05d5\u05ea \u05d4\u05d0\u05ea\u05e8\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:card\" content=\"summary_large_image\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:label1\" content=\"\u00c9crit par\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data1\" content=\"\u05e6\u05d5\u05d5\u05ea \u05d4\u05d0\u05ea\u05e8\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:label2\" content=\"Dur\u00e9e de lecture estim\u00e9e\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data2\" content=\"3 minutes\" \/>\n<script type=\"application\/ld+json\" class=\"yoast-schema-graph\">{\"@context\":\"https:\\\/\\\/schema.org\",\"@graph\":[{\"@type\":\"Article\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/ph.yhb.org.il\\\/fr\\\/03-23-10\\\/#article\",\"isPartOf\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/ph.yhb.org.il\\\/fr\\\/03-23-10\\\/\"},\"author\":{\"name\":\"\u05e6\u05d5\u05d5\u05ea \u05d4\u05d0\u05ea\u05e8\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/ph.yhb.org.il\\\/fr\\\/#\\\/schema\\\/person\\\/8822293bfa4f7cd35b44a3c311851b63\"},\"headline\":\"10. 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