{"id":3140,"date":"2016-05-08T00:22:53","date_gmt":"2016-05-07T21:22:53","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/ph.yhb.org.il\/fr\/?p=3140"},"modified":"2018-03-18T11:53:21","modified_gmt":"2018-03-18T09:53:21","slug":"05-08-22","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/ph.yhb.org.il\/fr\/05-08-22\/","title":{"rendered":"22. Chabbat \u2018Hazon<\/em>"},"content":{"rendered":"

Chabbat \u2018Hazon<\/em> est le Chabbat qui pr\u00e9c\u00e8de le 9 av. C\u2019est durant ce Chabbat que nous lisons la haftara \u2018Hazon Yechayahou<\/em> (\u00ab\u00a0Vision d\u2019Isa\u00efe\u00a0\u00bb, Is 1, 1-27), o\u00f9 sont \u00e9crites des remontrances qui furent prof\u00e9r\u00e9es avant la destruction du Temple. Selon la coutume s\u00e9farade, les usages de deuil, telles que l\u2019interdit de lessiver et de se laver, commencent essentiellement \u00e0 l\u2019issue de ce Chabbat, car c\u2019est alors que d\u00e9bute la semaine o\u00f9 tombe le 9 av. Par cons\u00e9quent, d\u2019apr\u00e8s la coutume de la majorit\u00e9 des S\u00e9farades, aucune trace de deuil n\u2019est perceptible pendant Chabbat \u2018Hazon<\/em>. En revanche, selon la coutume ashk\u00e9naze, plusieurs usages de deuil sont observ\u00e9s d\u00e8s Roch \u2018hodech du mois d\u2019av, de sorte que Chabbat \u2018Hazon<\/em> fait partie des jours de deuil. Aussi, nombre d\u2019Ashk\u00e9nazes ont l\u2019usage de ne pas se laver \u00e0 l\u2019eau chaude \u00e0 l\u2019approche de Chabbat \u2018Hazon<\/em>, ni de porter des v\u00eatements sabbatiques durant ce Chabbat. C\u2019est en ce sens que se prononce le Rama (551, 1, 16).<\/p>\n

Mais plusieurs d\u00e9cisionnaires ashk\u00e9nazes, parmi les plus grands, ne s\u2019accordent pas avec cet usage, car, soutiennent-ils, il ne faut pas montrer de signes de deuil pendant Chabbat. De nos jours, l\u2019usage r\u00e9pandu, parmi les Ashk\u00e9nazes, est de se laver \u00e0 l\u2019eau ti\u00e8de, \u00e0 l\u2019approche de Chabbat \u2018Hazon<\/em>, en utilisant du savon et du shampooing\u00a0; de m\u00eame, on porte des v\u00eatements sabbatiques lessiv\u00e9s. Certains, toutefois, sont rigoureux\u00a0: ils retirent de leur tenue l\u2019un des v\u00eatements sabbatiques, ou le remplacent par un v\u00eatement plus ordinaire, afin d\u2019exprimer de la souffrance quant \u00e0 la destruction du Temple (Michna Beroura<\/em> 551, 6)[20]<\/a><\/sup>.<\/p>\n

Lorsqu\u2019un jeune homme f\u00eatant sa bar-mitsva monte \u00e0 la Torah pendant Chabbat \u2018Hazon<\/em>, on organise en son honneur un Qidouch, comme le veut l\u2019usage pour tout autre Chabbat. Il n\u2019y a pas lieu, en effet, de montrer des signes de deuil pendant Chabbat. De m\u00eame, si un Chabbat \u2018hatan<\/em>[h]<\/a><\/sup> tombe \u00e0 pareille date, on maintient le repas et le Qidouch conform\u00e9ment \u00e0 l\u2019usage. Dans le m\u00eame sens, quand un petit gar\u00e7on est n\u00e9, ceux qui ont coutume d\u2019organiser une f\u00eate de Chalom zakhar<\/em>[i]<\/a><\/sup> peuvent le faire comme \u00e0 l\u2019habitude. [La r\u00e8gle applicable au 9 av tombant le Chabbat ou le dimanche sera expliqu\u00e9e plus loin, chap. 9 \u00a7 4.]<\/p>\n

\n
\n
\n[20]<\/a>. Les Ashk\u00e9nazes ont l\u2019usage de lire, le Chabbat \u2018Hazon<\/em> (m\u00eame quand celui-ci ne tombe pas \u00e0 la date du 9 av), de nombreux versets de la Haftara, ainsi qu\u2019un verset de la paracha Devarim, sur la m\u00e9lodie du livre des Lamentations (Eikha<\/em>). Nombreux sont ceux qui, parmi les originaires d\u2019Afrique du nord, ont l\u2019usage de lire les trois haftarot<\/em> annonciatrices d\u2019adversit\u00e9 \u2013 qu\u2019on lit pendant les trois semaines \u2013 suivant une m\u00e9lodie proche de celle des Lamentations. Mais la majorit\u00e9 des S\u00e9farades s\u2019abstiennent de cela, afin de ne pas donner expression au deuil pendant Chabbat.<\/p>\n

[h]<\/a>. Chabbat pr\u00e9c\u00e9dant (chez les Ashk\u00e9nazes) ou suivant (chez les S\u00e9farades) un mariage, o\u00f9 il est de coutume de faire monter le fianc\u00e9 \u00e0 la Torah.<\/p>\n

[i]<\/a>. Repas organis\u00e9 la nuit de Chabbat suivant la naissance d\u2019un gar\u00e7on\u00a0; on b\u00e9nit les parents \u00e0 cette occasion.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Chabbat \u2018Hazon est le Chabbat qui pr\u00e9c\u00e8de le 9 av. C\u2019est durant ce Chabbat que nous lisons la haftara \u2018Hazon Yechayahou (\u00ab\u00a0Vision d\u2019Isa\u00efe\u00a0\u00bb, Is 1, 1-27), o\u00f9 sont \u00e9crites des remontrances qui furent prof\u00e9r\u00e9es avant la destruction du Temple. Selon la coutume s\u00e9farade, les usages de deuil, telles que l\u2019interdit de lessiver et de se […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":10,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[151],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-3140","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-05-08"],"yoast_head":"\n22. Chabbat \u2018Hazon - Pnin\u00e9 Halakha<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/ph.yhb.org.il\/fr\/05-08-22\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"fr_FR\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"22. Chabbat \u2018Hazon - Pnin\u00e9 Halakha\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Chabbat \u2018Hazon est le Chabbat qui pr\u00e9c\u00e8de le 9 av. C\u2019est durant ce Chabbat que nous lisons la haftara \u2018Hazon Yechayahou (\u00ab\u00a0Vision d\u2019Isa\u00efe\u00a0\u00bb, Is 1, 1-27), o\u00f9 sont \u00e9crites des remontrances qui furent prof\u00e9r\u00e9es avant la destruction du Temple. 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