{"id":3714,"date":"2016-09-07T00:01:04","date_gmt":"2016-09-06T21:01:04","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/ph.yhb.org.il\/fr\/?p=3714"},"modified":"2018-09-06T09:09:16","modified_gmt":"2018-09-06T06:09:16","slug":"15-07-01","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/ph.yhb.org.il\/fr\/15-07-01\/","title":{"rendered":"01. L\u2019honneur d\u00fb au jour"},"content":{"rendered":"

Comme les Chabbats et les f\u00eates, le jour de Kipour est, lui aussi, appel\u00e9 \u00ab\u00a0convocation sainte\u00a0\u00bb (miqra qodech<\/em>), ainsi qu\u2019il est dit\u00a0: \u00ab\u00a0Cependant, le dix du septi\u00e8me mois est le jour des expiations (Yom hakipourim<\/em>), ce sera pour vous une convocation sainte\u00a0\u00bb (Lv 23, 27). S\u2019agissant des Chabbats et des jours de f\u00eate, la mitsva consiste \u00e0 se d\u00e9lecter du jour et \u00e0 l\u2019honorer, ainsi que l\u2019enseignent nos sages\u00a0(Sifra, Emor<\/em> 12, 4) \u00ab\u00a0Par quoi sanctifies-tu ce jour\u00a0? Par la nourriture, par la boisson et par une tunique propre\u00a0\u00bb (Ma\u00efmonide, Yom tov<\/em> 6, 16\u00a0; Choul\u2019han \u2018Aroukh, Ora\u2019h \u2018Ha\u00efm<\/em> 529, 1). Mais le jour de Kipour, o\u00f9 l\u2019on doit je\u00fbner, ce qui demeure de la mitsva de sanctifier le jour est de l\u2019honorer par des v\u00eatements propres. Comme l\u2019enseignent les sages au trait\u00e9 Chabbat<\/em> 119a, le verset dit, au sujet de Kipour\u00a0: \u00ab\u00a0Le jour saint de l\u2019\u00c9ternel, digne d\u2019honneur[a]<\/a><\/sup>\u00a0\u00bb\u00a0(Is 58, 13). \u00ab\u00a0Car ce jour est d\u00e9pourvu de repas et de boisson. La Torah prescrit donc\u00a0: honore-le par une tunique propre\u00a0\u00bb (Rif et Roch sur Yoma<\/em> 8, 9).<\/p>\n

Nombreux sont ceux qui, le jour de Kipour, ont coutume de porter des v\u00eatements blancs, beaux et honorables, \u00e0 la mani\u00e8re des anges de service. Car \u00e0 Kipour, nous ne sommes pas entra\u00een\u00e9s par les passions corporelles, et nous sommes nets de faute, comme les anges de service. De m\u00eame, de nombreuses femmes ont coutume de porter des v\u00eatements blancs\u00a0; et m\u00eame celles qui ne s\u2019habillent pas en blanc ont coutume de ne point se parer de bijoux ni de v\u00eatements orn\u00e9s d\u2019accessoires, \u00e0 Kipour, en raison de la crainte qu\u2019inspire le jour du jugement (Mordekhi, Rama 610, 4\u00a0; Michna Beroura<\/em> 16-17). De nombreux hommes d\u2019origine ashk\u00e9naze ont coutume de porter un kitel<\/em>, tunique blanche qui fait allusion \u00e0 deux notions. La premi\u00e8re est d\u2019\u00eatre v\u00eatu \u00e0 l\u2019exemple des anges de service\u00a0; la seconde est de rappeler le linceul mortuaire\u00a0: par cela, le c\u0153ur se brise, se soumet et s\u2019\u00e9veille \u00e0 la t\u00e9chouva<\/em>. Quand on porte le kitel<\/em>, on ne va pas aux toilettes pour y faire ses \u00ab\u00a0grands besoins\u00a0\u00bb, car ce v\u00eatement est particulier \u00e0 la pri\u00e8re\u00a0; mais il est permis de le garder pour ses \u00ab\u00a0petits besoins\u00a0\u00bb (Mat\u00e9 Ephra\u00efm<\/em> 12\u00a0; Michna Beroura<\/em> 18).<\/p>\n

C\u2019est une mitsva que de nettoyer la maison en l\u2019honneur de Kipour, et d\u2019\u00e9tendre une belle nappe sur la table, comme on en a l\u2019usage \u00e0 l\u2019approche de Chabbat (Mordekhi, Rama 610, 4\u00a0; \u2018Aroukh Hachoul\u2019han<\/em> 2). Et c\u2019est une mitsva que de se laver, en l\u2019honneur de Kipour, comme on le fait \u00e0 l\u2019approche de Chabbat. Certains ont \u00e9galement l\u2019usage de s\u2019immerger au miqv\u00e9 <\/em>(bain rituel\u00a0; cf. ci-dessus, chap. 5 \u00a7 10).<\/p>\n

C\u2019est une mitsva que de nettoyer la synagogue, et de l\u2019appr\u00eater, \u00e0 l\u2019approche de Kipour, de la fa\u00e7on la plus belle et la plus honorable. De m\u00eame, c\u2019est une mitsva que d\u2019allumer toutes les lumi\u00e8res de la synagogue en l\u2019honneur du jour, ainsi qu\u2019il est \u00e9crit\u00a0: \u00ab\u00a0Aussi, par des lumi\u00e8res, honorez l\u2019\u00c9ternel\u00a0\u00bb (Is 24, 15\u00a0; Choul\u2019han \u2018Aroukh<\/em> 210, 3-4, Michna Beroura<\/em> 9).<\/p>\n

\u00c0 la diff\u00e9rence du je\u00fbne du 9 av (tich\u2019a b\u00e9-av<\/em>), o\u00f9 l\u2019on ne respire pas de parfums \u2013 en raison du deuil pour la destruction du Temple (Choul\u2019han \u2018Aroukh <\/em>559, 7, Cha\u2019ar Hatsioun<\/em> 556, 1) \u2013 on a coutume, \u00e0 Kipour, de respirer des parfums et de prononcer la b\u00e9n\u00e9diction qui s\u2019y rapporte\u00a0; car ce jour est consid\u00e9r\u00e9 comme jour de f\u00eate (Yom tov)\u00a0; or tout ce qui contribue \u00e0 l\u2019honorer, du moment que cela n\u2019est pas interdit au titre des mortifications propres au je\u00fbne, c\u2019est une mitsva que de le faire.<\/p>\n

\n
\n
\n[a]<\/a>. Si l\u2019on s\u2019en tient au sens obvie du verset d\u2019Isa\u00efe, c\u2019est du Chabbat qu\u2019il est question\u00a0; mais l\u2019\u00e9laboration talmudique (dracha<\/em>) rapporte ce passage au jour de Kipour.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Comme les Chabbats et les f\u00eates, le jour de Kipour est, lui aussi, appel\u00e9 \u00ab\u00a0convocation sainte\u00a0\u00bb (miqra qodech), ainsi qu\u2019il est dit\u00a0: \u00ab\u00a0Cependant, le dix du septi\u00e8me mois est le jour des expiations (Yom hakipourim), ce sera pour vous une convocation sainte\u00a0\u00bb (Lv 23, 27). S\u2019agissant des Chabbats et des jours de f\u00eate, la mitsva […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":10,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[163],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-3714","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-15-07"],"yoast_head":"\n01. L\u2019honneur d\u00fb au jour - Pnin\u00e9 Halakha<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/ph.yhb.org.il\/fr\/15-07-01\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"fr_FR\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"01. L\u2019honneur d\u00fb au jour - Pnin\u00e9 Halakha\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Comme les Chabbats et les f\u00eates, le jour de Kipour est, lui aussi, appel\u00e9 \u00ab\u00a0convocation sainte\u00a0\u00bb (miqra qodech), ainsi qu\u2019il est dit\u00a0: \u00ab\u00a0Cependant, le dix du septi\u00e8me mois est le jour des expiations (Yom hakipourim), ce sera pour vous une convocation sainte\u00a0\u00bb (Lv 23, 27). S\u2019agissant des Chabbats et des jours de f\u00eate, la mitsva […]\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:url\" content=\"https:\/\/ph.yhb.org.il\/fr\/15-07-01\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:site_name\" content=\"Pnin\u00e9 Halakha\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:published_time\" content=\"2016-09-06T21:01:04+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:modified_time\" content=\"2018-09-06T06:09:16+00:00\" \/>\n<meta name=\"author\" content=\"\u05e6\u05d5\u05d5\u05ea \u05d4\u05d0\u05ea\u05e8\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:card\" content=\"summary_large_image\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:label1\" content=\"\u00c9crit par\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data1\" content=\"\u05e6\u05d5\u05d5\u05ea \u05d4\u05d0\u05ea\u05e8\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:label2\" content=\"Dur\u00e9e de lecture estim\u00e9e\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data2\" content=\"3 minutes\" \/>\n<script type=\"application\/ld+json\" class=\"yoast-schema-graph\">{\"@context\":\"https:\\\/\\\/schema.org\",\"@graph\":[{\"@type\":\"Article\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/ph.yhb.org.il\\\/fr\\\/15-07-01\\\/#article\",\"isPartOf\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/ph.yhb.org.il\\\/fr\\\/15-07-01\\\/\"},\"author\":{\"name\":\"\u05e6\u05d5\u05d5\u05ea \u05d4\u05d0\u05ea\u05e8\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/ph.yhb.org.il\\\/fr\\\/#\\\/schema\\\/person\\\/8822293bfa4f7cd35b44a3c311851b63\"},\"headline\":\"01. 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