{"id":4602,"date":"2000-12-03T00:10:08","date_gmt":"2000-12-02T22:10:08","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/ph.yhb.org.il\/fr\/?p=4602"},"modified":"2021-05-06T13:01:28","modified_gmt":"2021-05-06T10:01:28","slug":"12-03-10","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/ph.yhb.org.il\/fr\/12-03-10\/","title":{"rendered":"10 – Cach\u00e9risation d\u2019ustensiles pendant Yom tov"},"content":{"rendered":"

Il est interdit de cach\u00e9riser, pendant Yom tov, un ustensile dont l\u2019utilisation est interdite parce qu\u2019il a absorb\u00e9 un go\u00fbt de viande et de lait m\u00eal\u00e9s, ou parce qu\u2019il a absorb\u00e9 un go\u00fbt de viande non cach\u00e8re (tar\u00e8fe<\/em>). Il n\u2019y a pas de diff\u00e9rence entre le cas o\u00f9 l\u2019absorption de la substance interdite s\u2019est faite, dans la marmite, par le biais de liquides, cas dans lequel la cach\u00e9risation se fait par \u00e9chaudage dans l\u2019eau bouillante, et celui o\u00f9 l\u2019absorption s\u2019est faite par la flamme \u2013 s\u2019agissant, par exemple, d\u2019un moule de cuisson ou d\u2019une broche \u2013, cas o\u00f9 la cach\u00e9risation se fait par chauffage \u00e0 blanc int\u00e9gral\u00a0: de toute fa\u00e7on, il est interdit de cach\u00e9riser l\u2019ustensile, car la cach\u00e9risation est similaire \u00e0 la r\u00e9paration<\/em> (tiqoun<\/em>) d\u2019un ustensile (Choul\u2019han \u2018Aroukh<\/em> et Rama 509, 5). Mais si la cach\u00e9risation \u00e9tait impossible avant le Yom tov, il est permis, en cas de n\u00e9cessit\u00e9, de le cach\u00e9riser pendant Yom tov, conform\u00e9ment \u00e0 la r\u00e8gle de makhchir\u00e9 okhel n\u00e9fech<\/em>[e]<\/a><\/sup>. Cependant, on n\u2019enseigne pas cela en public, de crainte que certains n\u2019en viennent \u00e0 \u00eatre indulgents en d\u2019autres cas, o\u00f9 il n\u2019y a pas d\u2019autorisation (Michna Beroura<\/em> 509, 26).<\/p>\n

Comme on le sait, si des ustensiles de cuisine appartenaient \u00e0 un non-Juif, puis qu\u2019ils soient pass\u00e9s dans le patrimoine d\u2019un Juif, ils requi\u00e8rent une immersion au miqv\u00e9<\/em>[f]<\/a><\/sup>, car, tant que le Juif ne les a pas immerg\u00e9s, il est interdit de s\u2019en servir pour manger. Les Richonim sont partag\u00e9s quant au fait de savoir s\u2019il est permis d\u2019immerger ces ustensiles le Chabbat et le Yom tov. Certains l\u2019interdisent, car cela est semblable \u00e0 la r\u00e9paration<\/em> d\u2019un ustensile (Roch)\u00a0; d\u2019autres l\u2019autorisent, car il ne s\u2019agit pas l\u00e0 d\u2019une compl\u00e8te r\u00e9paration. En effet, a posteriori, si l\u2019on s\u2019est servi de l\u2019ustensile sans qu\u2019il ait \u00e9t\u00e9 immerg\u00e9 au miqv\u00e9<\/em>, la nourriture est permise \u00e0 la consommation (Rif). En pratique, s\u2019il se trouve l\u00e0 un non-Juif digne de foi, il est juste de lui donner l\u2019ustensile en cadeau et de lui demander l\u2019autorisation de s\u2019en servir ensuite. Car tant que l\u2019ustensile appartient au non-Juif, il n\u2019est pas n\u00e9cessaire de l\u2019immerger (Les Lois de Chabbat<\/em> II 22, 6).<\/p>\n

Mais quand il n\u2019y a pas de non-Juif \u00e0 proximit\u00e9, la controverse se maintient. Toutefois, s\u2019agissant de Yom tov, les d\u00e9cisionnaires rigoureux eux-m\u00eames s\u2019accordent \u00e0 dire que, selon la stricte r\u00e8gle de droit, si l\u2019on n\u2019avait pas de possibilit\u00e9 d\u2019immerger l\u2019ustensile \u00e0 la veille de Yom tov, il est permis de l\u2019immerger. Nous avons vu, en effet, qu\u2019il est permis de r\u00e9parer <\/em>des makhchir\u00e9 okhel n\u00e9fech<\/em> (ustensiles de cuisine) le Yom tov[g]<\/a><\/sup>. Mais en pratique, selon ceux qui interdisent d\u2019immerger des ustensiles le Chabbat, on n\u2019instruit pas \u00e0 le faire, le Yom tov non plus, ceux qui viennent poser la question, de crainte qu\u2019ils ne comprennent pas dans quelles bornes l\u2019autorisation a cours, et qu\u2019ils se trompent donc, s\u2019autorisant des choses interdites (Maguen Avraham<\/em>, Elya Rabba<\/em>, Michna Beroura<\/em> 509, 30)[7]<\/a><\/sup>.<\/p>\n

\n
\n
\n[e]<\/a>. Ustensiles n\u00e9cessaires \u00e0 la pr\u00e9paration des aliments de Yom tov. Cf. paragraphe pr\u00e9c\u00e9dent.<\/p>\n

[f]<\/a>. Bassin d\u2019eau vive, bain rituel.<\/p>\n

[g]<\/a>. Dans les conditions restrictives d\u00e9finies ci-dessus, paragraphe 9.<\/p>\n

[7]<\/a>. S\u2019il s\u2019agit d\u2019un ustensile n\u00e9cessitant une immersion en vertu d\u2019une r\u00e8gle rabbinique seulement \u2013 cas, par exemple, d\u2019un ustensile de verre \u2013, on peut, de l\u2019avis m\u00eame des d\u00e9cisionnaires rigoureux, r\u00e9pondre \u00e0 ceux qui posent la question qu\u2019il est permis de l\u2019immerger, puisque cela n\u2019est pas consid\u00e9r\u00e9 comme une r\u00e9paration<\/em> \u00e0 un tr\u00e8s haut degr\u00e9 (Peri M\u00e9gadim<\/em>, Michna Beroura<\/em> 509, 30).<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Il est interdit de cach\u00e9riser, pendant Yom tov, un ustensile dont l\u2019utilisation est interdite parce qu\u2019il a absorb\u00e9 un go\u00fbt de viande et de lait m\u00eal\u00e9s, ou parce qu\u2019il a absorb\u00e9 un go\u00fbt de viande non cach\u00e8re (tar\u00e8fe). Il n\u2019y a pas de diff\u00e9rence entre le cas o\u00f9 l\u2019absorption de la substance interdite s\u2019est faite, […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":10,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[194],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-4602","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-12-03"],"yoast_head":"\n10 - Cach\u00e9risation d\u2019ustensiles pendant Yom tov - Pnin\u00e9 Halakha<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/ph.yhb.org.il\/fr\/12-03-10\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"fr_FR\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"10 - Cach\u00e9risation d\u2019ustensiles pendant Yom tov - Pnin\u00e9 Halakha\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Il est interdit de cach\u00e9riser, pendant Yom tov, un ustensile dont l\u2019utilisation est interdite parce qu\u2019il a absorb\u00e9 un go\u00fbt de viande et de lait m\u00eal\u00e9s, ou parce qu\u2019il a absorb\u00e9 un go\u00fbt de viande non cach\u00e8re (tar\u00e8fe). 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