{"id":4631,"date":"2000-12-05T00:06:10","date_gmt":"2000-12-04T22:06:10","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/ph.yhb.org.il\/fr\/?p=4631"},"modified":"2021-05-06T14:09:49","modified_gmt":"2021-05-06T11:09:49","slug":"12-05-06","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/ph.yhb.org.il\/fr\/12-05-06\/","title":{"rendered":"06 – Appareils \u00e0 action indirecte\u00a0; alarmes"},"content":{"rendered":"

Certains d\u00e9cisionnaires autorisent la cr\u00e9ation, pour Chabbat, d\u2019appareils dont le fonctionnement ne laisse percevoir presque aucune diff\u00e9rence (chinou\u00ef<\/em>) avec un appareil ordinaire, mais dont le m\u00e9canisme interne est dot\u00e9 d\u2019une particularit\u00e9 telle qu\u2019on puisse consid\u00e9rer leur fonctionnement comme appartenant au mode de grama<\/em>. Il existe trois fa\u00e7ons d\u2019int\u00e9grer un tel chinou\u00ef<\/em> dans le mode de fonctionnement interne \u00e0 l\u2019appareil\u00a0: a) le \u00ab\u00a0retrait de l\u2019obstacle\u00a0\u00bb\u00a0; b) la mise en marche par balayage (scannage)\u00a0; c) la perp\u00e9tuation d\u2019une situation pr\u00e9sente (cf. Les Lois de Chabbat<\/em> II 17, 18).<\/p>\n

En pratique, il semble que, si l\u2019action humaine cause la mise en marche de l\u2019appareil \u00e9lectrique en un temps court \u2013 comme il est habituel de l\u2019actionner dans la semaine \u2013, il sera interdit d\u2019utiliser l\u2019appareil le Chabbat, m\u00eame si l\u2019on a con\u00e7u l\u2019appareil de fa\u00e7on telle que son activation se r\u00e9alise d\u2019une mani\u00e8re qui ressemble au mode de grama<\/em>. Car ce qui se produit \u00e0 l\u2019int\u00e9rieur de l\u2019appareil importe peu\u00a0: tant qu\u2019il fonctionne d\u2019une mani\u00e8re habituelle, sa mise en marche ne rel\u00e8ve pas du statut de grama<\/em>. Aussi ne peut-on mettre en marche des ascenseurs et des portes \u00e9lectriques sur le mode indirect\u00a0: puisque l\u2019on souhaite que ces machines commencent \u00e0 fonctionner tr\u00e8s peu de temps apr\u00e8s qu\u2019on les a activ\u00e9es, elles n\u2019ont pas le statut de grama<\/em>. De m\u00eame, il est interdit de voyager en scooter pour personne \u00e0 mobilit\u00e9 r\u00e9duite, d\u00e8s lors que ce v\u00e9hicule se d\u00e9place d\u2019une fa\u00e7on similaire \u00e0 celle des jours de semaine.<\/p>\n

En revanche, quand l\u2019acte de l\u2019homme n\u2019entra\u00eene l\u2019activit\u00e9 de l\u2019appareil qu\u2019apr\u00e8s un temps significatif, et \u00e0 condition que le m\u00e9canisme qui le d\u00e9clenche agisse sur le mode indirect, alors l\u2019appareil a le statut de grama<\/em>, et il est permis, en cas de n\u00e9cessit\u00e9 pressante, de s\u2019en servir pendant Chabbat, et, en cas de simple n\u00e9cessit\u00e9, le Yom tov. Tel est l\u2019usage en mati\u00e8re de mise sous tension d\u2019une alarme\u00a0: si la rotation de la clef entra\u00eene le fonctionnement du syst\u00e8me de mani\u00e8re indirecte, et qu\u2019en pratique l\u2019alarme ne soit mise sous tension qu\u2019environ cinq minutes apr\u00e8s la rotation de la clef, le statut de grama<\/em> s\u2019applique, et en cas de grande n\u00e9cessit\u00e9 il sera permis de le faire.<\/p>\n

La r\u00e8gle applicable au Yom tov est semblable \u00e0 celle du Chabbat\u00a0; aussi est-il interdit d\u2019entrer dans une chambre o\u00f9 est install\u00e9 un m\u00e9canisme \u00e9lectrique allumant la lumi\u00e8re ou la climatisation quand on entre. Et il est interdit d\u2019en sortir quand cette sortie provoque l\u2019extinction. Cet allumage, cette extinction, ne sont pas consid\u00e9r\u00e9s comme des cas de grama<\/em>, mais ont m\u00eame statut que l\u2019activation d\u2019appareils au moyen d\u2019une t\u00e9l\u00e9commande\u00a0: puisque c\u2019est ainsi qu\u2019il est d\u2019usage de les mettre en marche, il n\u2019y a pas de diff\u00e9rence \u00e0 faire, qu\u2019ils soient activ\u00e9s par une pression sur un bouton, ou en entrant ou sortant d\u2019une chambre (cf. Les Lois de Chabbat<\/em> II 17, 12 au sujet des cas de n\u00e9cessit\u00e9 pressante).<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Certains d\u00e9cisionnaires autorisent la cr\u00e9ation, pour Chabbat, d\u2019appareils dont le fonctionnement ne laisse percevoir presque aucune diff\u00e9rence (chinou\u00ef) avec un appareil ordinaire, mais dont le m\u00e9canisme interne est dot\u00e9 d\u2019une particularit\u00e9 telle qu\u2019on puisse consid\u00e9rer leur fonctionnement comme appartenant au mode de grama. Il existe trois fa\u00e7ons d\u2019int\u00e9grer un tel chinou\u00ef dans le mode de […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":10,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[195],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-4631","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-12-05"],"yoast_head":"\n06 - Appareils \u00e0 action indirecte\u00a0; alarmes - Pnin\u00e9 Halakha<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/ph.yhb.org.il\/fr\/12-05-06\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"fr_FR\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"06 - Appareils \u00e0 action indirecte\u00a0; alarmes - Pnin\u00e9 Halakha\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Certains d\u00e9cisionnaires autorisent la cr\u00e9ation, pour Chabbat, d\u2019appareils dont le fonctionnement ne laisse percevoir presque aucune diff\u00e9rence (chinou\u00ef) avec un appareil ordinaire, mais dont le m\u00e9canisme interne est dot\u00e9 d\u2019une particularit\u00e9 telle qu\u2019on puisse consid\u00e9rer leur fonctionnement comme appartenant au mode de grama. 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