{"id":4669,"date":"2000-12-08T00:02:16","date_gmt":"2000-12-07T22:02:16","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/ph.yhb.org.il\/fr\/?p=4669"},"modified":"2021-05-09T13:50:55","modified_gmt":"2021-05-09T10:50:55","slug":"12-08-02","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/ph.yhb.org.il\/fr\/12-08-02\/","title":{"rendered":"02 – Ce qu\u2019est l\u2019\u00e9rouv tavchilin<\/em>"},"content":{"rendered":"

L\u2019\u00e9rouv tavchilin <\/em>est un mets (tavchil<\/em>, aliment cuit), que l\u2019on met de c\u00f4t\u00e9 \u00e0 la veille de Yom tov, et que l\u2019on destine au Chabbat qui suit le Yom tov. Tant que cet \u00e9rouv<\/em> existe, il est permis, pendant Yom tov, de faire \u00e0 l\u2019intention du Chabbat tout ce qu\u2019il est permis de faire \u00e0 l\u2019intention du Yom tov lui-m\u00eame.<\/p>\n

Le mets constitutif de l\u2019\u00e9rouv<\/em> doit \u00eatre un aliment susceptible d\u2019\u00eatre mang\u00e9 avec du pain\u00a0; par exemple, de la viande, du poisson, des \u0153ufs, des salades cuites, un plat de pois, de la confiture cuite. Mais une chose qu\u2019il ne convient pas de manger avec du pain \u2013 comme de la bouillie, des p\u00e2tes ou du riz \u2013 quoique cette chose soit cuite, ne convient pas pour l\u2019\u00e9rouv<\/em> (Beitsa<\/em> 16a, Choul\u2019han \u2018Aroukh<\/em> 527, 4). Nombreux sont ceux qui ont pris coutume de mettre de c\u00f4t\u00e9 des \u0153ufs, comme \u00e9rouv<\/em>, parce qu\u2019ils se conservaient bien, m\u00eame sans r\u00e9frig\u00e9ration, jusqu\u2019au Chabbat (\u2018Aroukh Hachoul\u2019han <\/em>527, 13).<\/p>\n

Le mets constitutif de l\u2019\u00e9rouv<\/em> peut \u00eatre cuit \u00e0 l\u2019eau[b]<\/a><\/sup>, ou grill\u00e9, ou poch\u00e9[c]<\/a><\/sup>, ou fum\u00e9. M\u00eame un aliment mis en conserve convient comme \u00e9rouv<\/em>, car toute conserve a un statut semblable \u00e0 l\u2019aliment cuit. Mais un aliment cru ne peut servir d\u2019\u00e9rouv <\/em>(Beitsa <\/em>16b, Choul\u2019han \u2018Aroukh<\/em> 527, 5, Cha\u2019ar Hatsioun<\/em> 25).<\/p>\n

A priori, il est bon de mettre de c\u00f4t\u00e9, en plus du mets, un volume de kabeitsa<\/em> de pain\u00a0; en effet, certains auteurs pensent que le mets mis de c\u00f4t\u00e9 rend permise la cuisson \u00e0 l\u2019eau (bichoul<\/em>), tandis que le pain rend permise la cuisson au four (afia<\/em>) (Rabb\u00e9nou Tam). Mais si l\u2019on s\u2019en tient \u00e0 la stricte r\u00e8gle, on sera autoris\u00e9 \u00e0 cuisiner et \u00e0 cuire au four pour Chabbat, m\u00eame si l\u2019on n\u2019a mis de c\u00f4t\u00e9 qu\u2019un mets (Choul\u2019han \u2018Aroukh<\/em> et Rama 527, 2-3).<\/p>\n

De m\u00eame qu\u2019un mets du volume d\u2019un kaza\u00eft<\/em> peut servir d\u2019\u00e9rouv tavchilin<\/em> \u00e0 une personne seule, de m\u00eame peut-il servir d\u2019\u00e9rouv tavchilin<\/em> \u00e0 tous les membres de la maisonn\u00e9e. Celui qui pr\u00e9pare un \u00e9rouv tavchilin<\/em> pour tous les gens de la ville peut, lui aussi, acquitter tout le monde par un seul kaza\u00eft<\/em> (Beitsa<\/em> 16b, Choul\u2019han \u2018Aroukh<\/em> 527, 3).<\/p>\n

A priori, il est bon de pr\u00e9parer, comme \u00e9rouv<\/em>, un plat honorable et beau\u00a0; si c\u2019est possible, il est bon de faire, en tant qu\u2019\u00e9rouv<\/em>, une pleine marmite, que l\u2019on cuisine la veille de Yom tov en l\u2019honneur de Chabbat. Cependant, si l\u2019on s\u2019en tient \u00e0 la stricte obligation, m\u00eame si l\u2019on met de c\u00f4t\u00e9 des lentilles, rest\u00e9es dans le fond d\u2019une casserole et que l\u2019on avait fait cuire pour les besoins d\u2019un jour profane, on est quitte de son obligation (Beitsa<\/em> 16a, Choul\u2019han \u2018Aroukh<\/em> 527, 6, Chn\u00e9 Lou\u2019hot Habrit<\/em>, Michna Beroura<\/em> 8)\u00a0; cela, \u00e0 condition que ce plat soit d\u2019une mesure minimale d\u2019un kaza\u00eft<\/em> (environ le volume de la moiti\u00e9 d\u2019un \u0153uf).<\/p>\n

Nombreux sont ceux qui ont coutume de manger le mets de l\u2019\u00e9rouv<\/em> lors d\u2019un des repas de Chabbat\u00a0; puisque ce mets a servi \u00e0 accomplir une mitsva, il convient de continuer d\u2019accomplir par lui la mitsva du \u2018oneg Chabbat<\/em> (la d\u00e9lectation sabbatique). On a ainsi coutume de prendre le pain de l\u2019\u00e9rouv<\/em> comme second pain de la s\u00e9\u2019ouda chelichit<\/em> (troisi\u00e8me repas de Chabbat) et de le rompre alors (Michna Beroura <\/em>527, 11\u00a0; 48).<\/p>\n

Si l\u2019on a commenc\u00e9 \u00e0 manger du mets de l\u2019\u00e9rouv<\/em> pendant Yom tov\u00a0: tant qu\u2019il en reste un kaza\u00eft<\/em>, il reste permis de cuisiner, de cuire au four, et de pr\u00e9parer tout ce qui est n\u00e9cessaire au Chabbat. Mais s\u2019il ne reste pas m\u00eame un kaza\u00eft<\/em>, il est interdit de faire davantage de m\u00e9lakhot<\/em>, pendant Yom tov, \u00e0 l\u2019intention de Chabbat. M\u00eame si le pain r\u00e9serv\u00e9 pour l\u2019\u00e9rouv<\/em> est toujours pr\u00e9sent, il ne peut servir d\u2019\u00e9rouv<\/em>\u00a0; car la partie essentielle de l\u2019\u00e9rouv<\/em> est le mets (Choul\u2019han \u2018Aroukh<\/em> 527, 15, Michna Beroura<\/em> 7).<\/p>\n

\n
\n
\n[b]<\/a>. M\u00e9vouchal<\/em>\u00a0: longuement cuit \u00e0 l\u2019eau.<\/p>\n

[c]<\/a>. Chalouq\u00a0<\/em>: \u00e9bouillant\u00e9 ou bri\u00e8vement cuit \u00e0 l\u2019eau.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

L\u2019\u00e9rouv tavchilin est un mets (tavchil, aliment cuit), que l\u2019on met de c\u00f4t\u00e9 \u00e0 la veille de Yom tov, et que l\u2019on destine au Chabbat qui suit le Yom tov. Tant que cet \u00e9rouv existe, il est permis, pendant Yom tov, de faire \u00e0 l\u2019intention du Chabbat tout ce qu\u2019il est permis de faire \u00e0 […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":10,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[199],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-4669","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-12-08"],"yoast_head":"\n02 - Ce qu\u2019est l\u2019\u00e9rouv tavchilin - Pnin\u00e9 Halakha<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/ph.yhb.org.il\/fr\/12-08-02\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"fr_FR\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"02 - Ce qu\u2019est l\u2019\u00e9rouv tavchilin - Pnin\u00e9 Halakha\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"L\u2019\u00e9rouv tavchilin est un mets (tavchil, aliment cuit), que l\u2019on met de c\u00f4t\u00e9 \u00e0 la veille de Yom tov, et que l\u2019on destine au Chabbat qui suit le Yom tov. Tant que cet \u00e9rouv existe, il est permis, pendant Yom tov, de faire \u00e0 l\u2019intention du Chabbat tout ce qu\u2019il est permis de faire \u00e0 […]\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:url\" content=\"https:\/\/ph.yhb.org.il\/fr\/12-08-02\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:site_name\" content=\"Pnin\u00e9 Halakha\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:published_time\" content=\"2000-12-07T22:02:16+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:modified_time\" content=\"2021-05-09T10:50:55+00:00\" \/>\n<meta name=\"author\" content=\"\u05e6\u05d5\u05d5\u05ea \u05d4\u05d0\u05ea\u05e8\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:card\" content=\"summary_large_image\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:label1\" content=\"\u00c9crit par\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data1\" content=\"\u05e6\u05d5\u05d5\u05ea \u05d4\u05d0\u05ea\u05e8\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:label2\" content=\"Dur\u00e9e de lecture estim\u00e9e\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data2\" content=\"4 minutes\" \/>\n<script type=\"application\/ld+json\" class=\"yoast-schema-graph\">{\"@context\":\"https:\\\/\\\/schema.org\",\"@graph\":[{\"@type\":\"Article\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/ph.yhb.org.il\\\/fr\\\/12-08-02\\\/#article\",\"isPartOf\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/ph.yhb.org.il\\\/fr\\\/12-08-02\\\/\"},\"author\":{\"name\":\"\u05e6\u05d5\u05d5\u05ea \u05d4\u05d0\u05ea\u05e8\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/ph.yhb.org.il\\\/fr\\\/#\\\/schema\\\/person\\\/8822293bfa4f7cd35b44a3c311851b63\"},\"headline\":\"02 – Ce qu\u2019est l\u2019\u00e9rouv tavchilin\",\"datePublished\":\"2000-12-07T22:02:16+00:00\",\"dateModified\":\"2021-05-09T10:50:55+00:00\",\"mainEntityOfPage\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/ph.yhb.org.il\\\/fr\\\/12-08-02\\\/\"},\"wordCount\":723,\"articleSection\":[\"08 - \u00c9rouv tavchilin\"],\"inLanguage\":\"fr-FR\"},{\"@type\":\"WebPage\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/ph.yhb.org.il\\\/fr\\\/12-08-02\\\/\",\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/ph.yhb.org.il\\\/fr\\\/12-08-02\\\/\",\"name\":\"02 - Ce qu\u2019est l\u2019\u00e9rouv tavchilin - Pnin\u00e9 Halakha\",\"isPartOf\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/ph.yhb.org.il\\\/fr\\\/#website\"},\"datePublished\":\"2000-12-07T22:02:16+00:00\",\"dateModified\":\"2021-05-09T10:50:55+00:00\",\"author\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/ph.yhb.org.il\\\/fr\\\/#\\\/schema\\\/person\\\/8822293bfa4f7cd35b44a3c311851b63\"},\"breadcrumb\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/ph.yhb.org.il\\\/fr\\\/12-08-02\\\/#breadcrumb\"},\"inLanguage\":\"fr-FR\",\"potentialAction\":[{\"@type\":\"ReadAction\",\"target\":[\"https:\\\/\\\/ph.yhb.org.il\\\/fr\\\/12-08-02\\\/\"]}]},{\"@type\":\"BreadcrumbList\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/ph.yhb.org.il\\\/fr\\\/12-08-02\\\/#breadcrumb\",\"itemListElement\":[{\"@type\":\"ListItem\",\"position\":1,\"name\":\"\u05d3\u05e3 \u05d4\u05d1\u05d9\u05ea\",\"item\":\"https:\\\/\\\/ph.yhb.org.il\\\/fr\\\/\"},{\"@type\":\"ListItem\",\"position\":2,\"name\":\"02 – Ce qu\u2019est l\u2019\u00e9rouv tavchilin\"}]},{\"@type\":\"WebSite\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/ph.yhb.org.il\\\/fr\\\/#website\",\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/ph.yhb.org.il\\\/fr\\\/\",\"name\":\"Pnin\u00e9 Halakha\",\"description\":\"Rav Eli\u00e9zer Melamed\",\"potentialAction\":[{\"@type\":\"SearchAction\",\"target\":{\"@type\":\"EntryPoint\",\"urlTemplate\":\"https:\\\/\\\/ph.yhb.org.il\\\/fr\\\/?s={search_term_string}\"},\"query-input\":{\"@type\":\"PropertyValueSpecification\",\"valueRequired\":true,\"valueName\":\"search_term_string\"}}],\"inLanguage\":\"fr-FR\"},{\"@type\":\"Person\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/ph.yhb.org.il\\\/fr\\\/#\\\/schema\\\/person\\\/8822293bfa4f7cd35b44a3c311851b63\",\"name\":\"\u05e6\u05d5\u05d5\u05ea \u05d4\u05d0\u05ea\u05e8\",\"image\":{\"@type\":\"ImageObject\",\"inLanguage\":\"fr-FR\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/secure.gravatar.com\\\/avatar\\\/4839847e1f630d0e0f5d54879b51b427c551b51611b74d6558e54ff6e69ce498?s=96&d=mm&r=g\",\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/secure.gravatar.com\\\/avatar\\\/4839847e1f630d0e0f5d54879b51b427c551b51611b74d6558e54ff6e69ce498?s=96&d=mm&r=g\",\"contentUrl\":\"https:\\\/\\\/secure.gravatar.com\\\/avatar\\\/4839847e1f630d0e0f5d54879b51b427c551b51611b74d6558e54ff6e69ce498?s=96&d=mm&r=g\",\"caption\":\"\u05e6\u05d5\u05d5\u05ea \u05d4\u05d0\u05ea\u05e8\"},\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/ph.yhb.org.il\\\/fr\\\/author\\\/shlomit12\\\/\"}]}<\/script>\n<!-- \/ Yoast SEO plugin. -->","yoast_head_json":{"title":"02 - Ce qu\u2019est l\u2019\u00e9rouv tavchilin - Pnin\u00e9 Halakha","robots":{"index":"index","follow":"follow","max-snippet":"max-snippet:-1","max-image-preview":"max-image-preview:large","max-video-preview":"max-video-preview:-1"},"canonical":"https:\/\/ph.yhb.org.il\/fr\/12-08-02\/","og_locale":"fr_FR","og_type":"article","og_title":"02 - Ce qu\u2019est l\u2019\u00e9rouv tavchilin - Pnin\u00e9 Halakha","og_description":"L\u2019\u00e9rouv tavchilin est un mets (tavchil, aliment cuit), que l\u2019on met de c\u00f4t\u00e9 \u00e0 la veille de Yom tov, et que l\u2019on destine au Chabbat qui suit le Yom tov. 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