{"id":4705,"date":"2000-12-10T00:05:39","date_gmt":"2000-12-09T22:05:39","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/ph.yhb.org.il\/fr\/?p=4705"},"modified":"2021-05-10T10:09:16","modified_gmt":"2021-05-10T07:09:16","slug":"12-10-05","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/ph.yhb.org.il\/fr\/12-10-05\/","title":{"rendered":"05 &#8211; Occupations attristantes"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>Quand une personne meurt pendant la f\u00eate, on s\u2019occupe de tout ce qui est n\u00e9cessaire \u00e0 son enterrement\u00a0; s\u2019il le faut, on coud son linceul et l\u2019on creuse sa tombe (<em>Choul\u2019han \u2018Aroukh<\/em> 547, 10\u00a0; cf. ci-apr\u00e8s chap. 12 \u00a7 11).<\/p>\n<p>Mais on ne prononce pas d\u2019\u00e9loge fun\u00e8bre en son honneur, en raison de la joie propre \u00e0 la f\u00eate, qui est une mitsva toranique\u00a0; aussi faut-il avoir soin de ne pas multiplier les pleurs et les manifestations de deuil (<em>Mo\u2019ed Qatan<\/em> 27a, <em>Choul\u2019han \u2018Aroukh <\/em>547,1).<\/p>\n<p>Si le d\u00e9funt \u00e9tait un \u00e9rudit, on prononce un \u00e9loge fun\u00e8bre lors de son enterrement, car l\u2019honneur d\u00fb \u00e0 la Torah repousse la joie de la f\u00eate (<em>Mo\u2019ed Qatan<\/em> 27b, <em>Choul\u2019han \u2018Aroukh, Yor\u00e9 D\u00e9\u2019a<\/em> 401, 5). Certains estiment que, de nos jours, il n\u2019est plus d\u2019\u00e9rudit qui soit vers\u00e9 dans toute la Torah, aussi ne faut-il plus prononcer d\u2019\u00e9loge fun\u00e8bre pendant une f\u00eate (<em>Maguen Avraham<\/em>, <em>Michna Beroura<\/em> 547, 12). En pratique, on a coutume de faire un \u00e9loge fun\u00e8bre en l\u2019honneur d\u2019un grand \u00e9rudit, connu pour avoir propag\u00e9 l\u2019\u00e9tude de la Torah, ou avoir enseign\u00e9 la loi au grand nombre\u00a0; mais il est d\u2019usage d\u2019\u00eatre quelque peu concis dans cet hommage.<\/p>\n<p>M\u00eame \u00e0 \u2018Hol hamo\u2019ed, les proches du d\u00e9funt, qui ont l\u2019obligation de prendre le deuil pour lui, d\u00e9chirent leur v\u00eatement au moment de l\u2019enterrement (<em>Choul\u2019han \u2018Aroukh<\/em> 547, 6). De nombreux Ashk\u00e9nazes et S\u00e9farades ont coutume de ne d\u00e9chirer leur v\u00eatement, pendant la f\u00eate, que pour leurs parents, et non pour leurs autres proches (Rama ad loc., <em>Kaf Ha\u2019ha\u00efm<\/em> 30).<\/p>\n<p>Apr\u00e8s l\u2019enterrement, on remet ses v\u00eatements de f\u00eate, et l\u2019on n\u2019observe pas les usages de deuil, car la joie de la f\u00eate a pr\u00e9s\u00e9ance sur le deuil. C\u2019est apr\u00e8s la f\u00eate que les proches s\u2019assi\u00e9ront et observeront les sept jours de deuil (<em>chiv\u2019a<\/em>). Bien que l\u2019on n\u2019observe pas les coutumes des sept jours de deuil pendant la f\u00eate, les amis proches de l\u2019endeuill\u00e9 viennent lui rendre visite et le consoler (<em>Choul\u2019han \u2018Aroukh<\/em> 548,6).<\/p>\n<p>Les sages ont d\u00e9cr\u00e9t\u00e9 que les cohanim (pr\u00eatres) n\u2019examineraient pas les plaies de <em>tsara\u2019at<\/em> (\u00ab\u00a0l\u00e8pre\u00a0\u00bb) pendant la f\u00eate, de crainte que la plaie ne soit trouv\u00e9e impure, ce qui transformerait en affliction la f\u00eate de la personne atteinte. On repousse donc l\u2019examen de la plaie apr\u00e8s la f\u00eate (<em>Mo\u2019ed Qatan<\/em> 7a, Ma\u00efmonide, <em>Yom tov<\/em> 7, 16).<\/p>\n<p>Il est interdit de je\u00fbner pendant la f\u00eate\u00a0; m\u00eame un je\u00fbne visant \u00e0 l\u2019expiation de ses fautes est alors interdit (<em>Choul\u2019han \u2018Aroukh Harav<\/em> 288, 3, <em>Michna Beroura <\/em>529, 1).<\/p>\n<p>S\u2019il faut s\u2019abstenir d\u2019accomplir une mitsva entra\u00eenant de la tristesse, telle qu\u2019un \u00e9loge fun\u00e8bre ou l\u2019examen de plaies, \u00e0 combien plus forte raison chacun doit-il prendre soin de ne pas s\u2019entretenir de sujets susceptibles de causer de la tristesse\u00a0\u2013 par exemple d\u2019\u00e9voquer ses chers disparus \u2013 ou de sujets qui provoquent de la col\u00e8re (<em>Roua\u2019h \u2018Ha\u00efm<\/em> 529, 4).<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Quand une personne meurt pendant la f\u00eate, on s\u2019occupe de tout ce qui est n\u00e9cessaire \u00e0 son enterrement\u00a0; s\u2019il le faut, on coud son linceul et l\u2019on creuse sa tombe (Choul\u2019han \u2018Aroukh 547, 10\u00a0; cf. ci-apr\u00e8s chap. 12 \u00a7 11). Mais on ne prononce pas d\u2019\u00e9loge fun\u00e8bre en son honneur, en raison de la joie [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":10,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[201],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-4705","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-12-10"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v27.3 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>05 - Occupations attristantes - Pnin\u00e9 Halakha<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/ph.yhb.org.il\/fr\/12-10-05\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"fr_FR\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"05 - Occupations attristantes - Pnin\u00e9 Halakha\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Quand une personne meurt pendant la f\u00eate, on s\u2019occupe de tout ce qui est n\u00e9cessaire \u00e0 son enterrement\u00a0; s\u2019il le faut, on coud son linceul et l\u2019on creuse sa tombe (Choul\u2019han \u2018Aroukh 547, 10\u00a0; cf. ci-apr\u00e8s chap. 12 \u00a7 11). Mais on ne prononce pas d\u2019\u00e9loge fun\u00e8bre en son honneur, en raison de la joie [&hellip;]\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:url\" content=\"https:\/\/ph.yhb.org.il\/fr\/12-10-05\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:site_name\" content=\"Pnin\u00e9 Halakha\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:published_time\" content=\"2000-12-09T22:05:39+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:modified_time\" content=\"2021-05-10T07:09:16+00:00\" \/>\n<meta name=\"author\" content=\"\u05e6\u05d5\u05d5\u05ea \u05d4\u05d0\u05ea\u05e8\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:card\" content=\"summary_large_image\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:label1\" content=\"\u00c9crit par\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data1\" content=\"\u05e6\u05d5\u05d5\u05ea \u05d4\u05d0\u05ea\u05e8\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:label2\" content=\"Dur\u00e9e de lecture estim\u00e9e\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data2\" content=\"3 minutes\" \/>\n<script type=\"application\/ld+json\" class=\"yoast-schema-graph\">{\"@context\":\"https:\\\/\\\/schema.org\",\"@graph\":[{\"@type\":\"Article\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/ph.yhb.org.il\\\/fr\\\/12-10-05\\\/#article\",\"isPartOf\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/ph.yhb.org.il\\\/fr\\\/12-10-05\\\/\"},\"author\":{\"name\":\"\u05e6\u05d5\u05d5\u05ea \u05d4\u05d0\u05ea\u05e8\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/ph.yhb.org.il\\\/fr\\\/#\\\/schema\\\/person\\\/8822293bfa4f7cd35b44a3c311851b63\"},\"headline\":\"05 &#8211; Occupations attristantes\",\"datePublished\":\"2000-12-09T22:05:39+00:00\",\"dateModified\":\"2021-05-10T07:09:16+00:00\",\"mainEntityOfPage\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/ph.yhb.org.il\\\/fr\\\/12-10-05\\\/\"},\"wordCount\":542,\"articleSection\":[\"10 - La mitsva de \u2018Hol hamo\u2019ed\"],\"inLanguage\":\"fr-FR\"},{\"@type\":\"WebPage\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/ph.yhb.org.il\\\/fr\\\/12-10-05\\\/\",\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/ph.yhb.org.il\\\/fr\\\/12-10-05\\\/\",\"name\":\"05 - Occupations attristantes - Pnin\u00e9 Halakha\",\"isPartOf\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/ph.yhb.org.il\\\/fr\\\/#website\"},\"datePublished\":\"2000-12-09T22:05:39+00:00\",\"dateModified\":\"2021-05-10T07:09:16+00:00\",\"author\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/ph.yhb.org.il\\\/fr\\\/#\\\/schema\\\/person\\\/8822293bfa4f7cd35b44a3c311851b63\"},\"breadcrumb\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/ph.yhb.org.il\\\/fr\\\/12-10-05\\\/#breadcrumb\"},\"inLanguage\":\"fr-FR\",\"potentialAction\":[{\"@type\":\"ReadAction\",\"target\":[\"https:\\\/\\\/ph.yhb.org.il\\\/fr\\\/12-10-05\\\/\"]}]},{\"@type\":\"BreadcrumbList\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/ph.yhb.org.il\\\/fr\\\/12-10-05\\\/#breadcrumb\",\"itemListElement\":[{\"@type\":\"ListItem\",\"position\":1,\"name\":\"\u05d3\u05e3 \u05d4\u05d1\u05d9\u05ea\",\"item\":\"https:\\\/\\\/ph.yhb.org.il\\\/fr\\\/\"},{\"@type\":\"ListItem\",\"position\":2,\"name\":\"05 &#8211; Occupations attristantes\"}]},{\"@type\":\"WebSite\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/ph.yhb.org.il\\\/fr\\\/#website\",\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/ph.yhb.org.il\\\/fr\\\/\",\"name\":\"Pnin\u00e9 Halakha\",\"description\":\"Rav Eli\u00e9zer Melamed\",\"potentialAction\":[{\"@type\":\"SearchAction\",\"target\":{\"@type\":\"EntryPoint\",\"urlTemplate\":\"https:\\\/\\\/ph.yhb.org.il\\\/fr\\\/?s={search_term_string}\"},\"query-input\":{\"@type\":\"PropertyValueSpecification\",\"valueRequired\":true,\"valueName\":\"search_term_string\"}}],\"inLanguage\":\"fr-FR\"},{\"@type\":\"Person\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/ph.yhb.org.il\\\/fr\\\/#\\\/schema\\\/person\\\/8822293bfa4f7cd35b44a3c311851b63\",\"name\":\"\u05e6\u05d5\u05d5\u05ea \u05d4\u05d0\u05ea\u05e8\",\"image\":{\"@type\":\"ImageObject\",\"inLanguage\":\"fr-FR\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/secure.gravatar.com\\\/avatar\\\/4839847e1f630d0e0f5d54879b51b427c551b51611b74d6558e54ff6e69ce498?s=96&d=mm&r=g\",\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/secure.gravatar.com\\\/avatar\\\/4839847e1f630d0e0f5d54879b51b427c551b51611b74d6558e54ff6e69ce498?s=96&d=mm&r=g\",\"contentUrl\":\"https:\\\/\\\/secure.gravatar.com\\\/avatar\\\/4839847e1f630d0e0f5d54879b51b427c551b51611b74d6558e54ff6e69ce498?s=96&d=mm&r=g\",\"caption\":\"\u05e6\u05d5\u05d5\u05ea \u05d4\u05d0\u05ea\u05e8\"},\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/ph.yhb.org.il\\\/fr\\\/author\\\/shlomit12\\\/\"}]}<\/script>\n<!-- \/ Yoast SEO plugin. -->","yoast_head_json":{"title":"05 - Occupations attristantes - Pnin\u00e9 Halakha","robots":{"index":"index","follow":"follow","max-snippet":"max-snippet:-1","max-image-preview":"max-image-preview:large","max-video-preview":"max-video-preview:-1"},"canonical":"https:\/\/ph.yhb.org.il\/fr\/12-10-05\/","og_locale":"fr_FR","og_type":"article","og_title":"05 - Occupations attristantes - Pnin\u00e9 Halakha","og_description":"Quand une personne meurt pendant la f\u00eate, on s\u2019occupe de tout ce qui est n\u00e9cessaire \u00e0 son enterrement\u00a0; s\u2019il le faut, on coud son linceul et l\u2019on creuse sa tombe (Choul\u2019han \u2018Aroukh 547, 10\u00a0; cf. ci-apr\u00e8s chap. 12 \u00a7 11). 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