{"id":4771,"date":"2000-12-12T00:12:11","date_gmt":"2000-12-11T22:12:11","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/ph.yhb.org.il\/fr\/?p=4771"},"modified":"2021-05-10T11:09:39","modified_gmt":"2021-05-10T08:09:39","slug":"12-12-12","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/ph.yhb.org.il\/fr\/12-12-12\/","title":{"rendered":"12 – Synagogue, \u00e9cole et parapet"},"content":{"rendered":"

Il est interdit de construire une synagogue \u00e0 \u2018Hol hamo\u2019ed. Dans le cas m\u00eame o\u00f9 la communaut\u00e9 n\u2019a pas de lieu agr\u00e9able pour prier, et o\u00f9, par un tel travail, elle pourrait achever sa synagogue et y prier pendant la f\u00eate, il reste interdit de faire cette construction, puisqu\u2019elle requiert un travail sp\u00e9cialis\u00e9 (m\u00e9l\u00e9khet oman<\/em>), lequel n\u2019est permis que pour les n\u00e9cessit\u00e9s corporelles \u00e9prouv\u00e9es pendant la f\u00eate (Rama 544, 1\u00a0; cf. ci-dessus, chap. 11 \u00a7 18, sur les conditions qui rendraient possibles une telle construction par le biais d\u2019un non-Juif).<\/p>\n

En revanche, quand une communaut\u00e9 a d\u00e9j\u00e0 l\u2019usage de prier dans une synagogue, et qu\u2019une panne y est survenue dans le syst\u00e8me \u00e9lectrique ou dans la climatisation, il est permis, si la communaut\u00e9 en souffre, de faire la r\u00e9paration n\u00e9cessaire par le biais d\u2019une m\u00e9l\u00e9khet oman<\/em>. Puisque l\u2019on a d\u00e9j\u00e0 commenc\u00e9 de prier dans cette synagogue, et que l\u2019on souffre de la panne, la r\u00e9paration est consid\u00e9r\u00e9e comme r\u00e9pondant aux n\u00e9cessit\u00e9s corporelles \u00e9prouv\u00e9es pendant la f\u00eate (Chemirat Chabbat Kehilkhata<\/em> 68, 9, et notes 27 et 30).<\/p>\n

De m\u00eame qu\u2019il est interdit de construire une synagogue \u00e0 \u2018Hol hamo\u2019ed, de m\u00eame est-il interdit de construire ou de r\u00e9parer des \u00e9coles ou d\u2019autres \u00e9difices publics, puisque leur construction requiert des travaux sp\u00e9cialis\u00e9s, lesquels ne sont autoris\u00e9s que pour les besoins corporels \u00e9prouv\u00e9s pendant la f\u00eate.<\/p>\n

Toutefois, quand il est n\u00e9cessaire de r\u00e9aliser des r\u00e9parations dans le b\u00e2timent d\u2019une \u00e9cole ou dans son mobilier, ou qu\u2019il est n\u00e9cessaire d\u2019en peindre les murs, et que le report du travail apr\u00e8s la f\u00eate est de nature \u00e0 causer l\u2019annulation de temps d\u2019\u00e9tude de Torah chez les \u00e9l\u00e8ves \u2013 qui ne pourraient plus \u00e9tudier dans leurs classes, ou au beit-hamidrach<\/em>[d]<\/a><\/sup> \u2013, il est permis de faire ex\u00e9cuter ces travaux \u00e0 \u2018Hol hamo\u2019ed, car il s\u2019agit alors d\u2019un travail destin\u00e9 \u00e0 \u00e9viter une perte (davar ha-aved<\/em>). N\u00e9anmoins, si c\u2019est possible, il convient de donner ce travail \u00e0 faire \u00e0 un ouvrier qui n\u2019a pas de quoi manger, ou \u00e0 un non-Juif. De m\u00eame, on s\u2019efforcera de faire ex\u00e9cuter ce travail discr\u00e8tement (Sd\u00e9 \u2018H\u00e9med, Ma\u2019ar\u00e9khet \u2018Hol hamo\u2019ed<\/em> 2\u00a0; Michna Beroura<\/em> 543, 1\u00a0; Chemirat Chabbat Kehilkhata <\/em>67, 3-4).<\/p>\n

Quand le parapet (ma\u2019aq\u00e9<\/em>, garde-fou) d\u2019un toit est tomb\u00e9 pendant la f\u00eate\u00a0: si l\u2019on peut fermer l\u2019acc\u00e8s au toit, afin qu\u2019on ne puisse y monter pendant la f\u00eate (ce par quoi on se mettrait en danger), il ne sera permis de r\u00e9installer le parapet que par un travail non sp\u00e9cialis\u00e9. Nous avons vu, en effet, qu\u2019il est permis de faire, \u00e0 \u2018Hol hamo\u2019ed, un travail simple pour les besoins d\u2019une mitsva\u00a0; or l\u2019installation d\u2019un parapet est une mitsva. S\u2019il est impossible de r\u00e9installer le parapet par le biais d\u2019un travail non sp\u00e9cialis\u00e9, on fermera l\u2019acc\u00e8s au toit. Quand il est impossible d\u2019en fermer l\u2019acc\u00e8s, et qu\u2019il est \u00e0 craindre que ceux qui y monteront se mettent en danger, il s\u2019agit d\u2019un cas de mitsva \u2018ov\u00e9ret<\/em>\u00a0; il sera donc permis de r\u00e9installer le parapet par le biais d\u2019un travail sp\u00e9cialis\u00e9 (Choul\u2019han \u2018Aroukh<\/em> 540, 1, B\u00e9our Halakha<\/em>, passage commen\u00e7ant par V\u00e9khen im<\/em>).<\/p>\n

\n
\n
\n[d]<\/a>. En l\u2019occurrence, salle d\u2019\u00e9tude de Torah commune \u00e0 toutes les classes de l\u2019\u00e9cole, et o\u00f9 se tiennent aussi les offices de pri\u00e8re.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Il est interdit de construire une synagogue \u00e0 \u2018Hol hamo\u2019ed. Dans le cas m\u00eame o\u00f9 la communaut\u00e9 n\u2019a pas de lieu agr\u00e9able pour prier, et o\u00f9, par un tel travail, elle pourrait achever sa synagogue et y prier pendant la f\u00eate, il reste interdit de faire cette construction, puisqu\u2019elle requiert un travail sp\u00e9cialis\u00e9 (m\u00e9l\u00e9khet oman), […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":10,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[203],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-4771","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-12-12"],"yoast_head":"\n12 - Synagogue, \u00e9cole et parapet - Pnin\u00e9 Halakha<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/ph.yhb.org.il\/fr\/12-12-12\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"fr_FR\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"12 - Synagogue, \u00e9cole et parapet - Pnin\u00e9 Halakha\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Il est interdit de construire une synagogue \u00e0 \u2018Hol hamo\u2019ed. 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