{"id":4798,"date":"2000-12-13T00:12:31","date_gmt":"2000-12-12T22:12:31","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/ph.yhb.org.il\/fr\/?p=4798"},"modified":"2021-05-10T11:36:09","modified_gmt":"2021-05-10T08:36:09","slug":"12-13-12","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/ph.yhb.org.il\/fr\/12-13-12\/","title":{"rendered":"12 &#8211; Rouleau de Ruth"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>On a coutume de lire le livre de Ruth, \u00e0 Chavou\u2019ot. Cela, \u00ab\u00a0afin de t\u2019apprendre que la Torah n\u2019a \u00e9t\u00e9 donn\u00e9e que par le biais d\u2019\u00e9preuves et de la pauvret\u00e9. (\u2026) La Torah a dit devant le Saint b\u00e9ni Soit-Il\u00a0: \u201cMa\u00eetre de l\u2019univers, fixe mon lot au sein de la soci\u00e9t\u00e9 des pauvres ! Car si les riches s\u2019adonnaient \u00e0 mon \u00e9tude, ils s\u2019enorgueilliraient\u00a0; tandis que, lorsqu\u2019il s\u2019agit de pauvres, ils se livrent \u00e0 mon \u00e9tude, savent qu\u2019ils ont faim et sont humbles\u2026\u201d\u00a0\u00bb (<em>Yalqout Chim\u2019oni, Ruth<\/em> 596). Or, en Ruth, se sont accomplies les paroles de la Michna\u00a0: \u00ab\u00a0Quiconque accomplit la Torah dans la pauvret\u00e9 finira par l\u2019accomplir dans la richesse\u00a0; et quiconque n\u00e9glige la Torah dans la richesse finira par la n\u00e9gliger dans la pauvret\u00e9\u00a0\u00bb (<em>Maximes des p\u00e8res<\/em> 4, 9). Ruth, en effet, ne quitta pas ce monde avant d\u2019avoir vu ses descendants, David et Salomon, assis sur le tr\u00f4ne royal d\u2019Isra\u00ebl.<\/p>\n<p>Une autre raison donn\u00e9e \u00e0 la lecture de Ruth est que, lors de la r\u00e9v\u00e9lation du Sina\u00ef, tous les enfants d\u2019Isra\u00ebl re\u00e7urent la Torah et, par cela m\u00eame, se convertirent. Or Ruth, poursuivant la voie de la r\u00e9v\u00e9lation sina\u00eftique, se convertit \u00e0 la foi d\u2019Isra\u00ebl (Aboudraham). Autre motif\u00a0: c\u2019est \u00e0 Chavou\u2019ot que mourut le roi David, or le livre de Ruth rel\u00e8ve sa g\u00e9n\u00e9alogie, comme on le voit au dernier verset\u00a0: \u00ab\u00a0Et Jess\u00e9 enfanta David\u00a0\u00bb (4, 22\u00a0; <em>Birk\u00e9 Yossef<\/em> 494, 11). Nos sages mentionnent une autre raison\u00a0: \u00ab\u00a0On ne trouve dans ce rouleau (<em>m\u00e9guila<\/em>) nulle mention d\u2019impuret\u00e9 ni de puret\u00e9, ni d\u2019interdit ni de permission\u00a0; pourquoi donc a-t-il \u00e9t\u00e9 \u00e9crit\u00a0? Pour t\u2019apprendre quelle bonne r\u00e9compense est accord\u00e9e \u00e0 ceux qui s\u2019adonnent \u00e0 la bienfaisance\u00a0\u00bb (<em>Ruth Rabba<\/em> 2, 14). Or tel est le principal propos de la Torah, comme l\u2019enseignent nos sages\u00a0: \u00ab\u00a0La Torah d\u00e9bute par la bienfaisance et s\u2019ach\u00e8ve par la bienfaisance\u00a0\u00bb (<em>Sota<\/em> 14a)\u00a0; et comme l\u2019enseigne Rabbi Aqiba\u00a0:\u00a0\u00ab\u00a0\u201cTu aimeras ton prochain comme toi-m\u00eame\u201d (Lv 19, 18), c\u2019est un grand principe de la Torah\u00a0\u00bb (<em>Sifra, Qedochim<\/em>).<\/p>\n<p>Comme nous l\u2019avons vu (chap. 2 \u00a7 10), certains Ashk\u00e9nazes ont coutume de lire le livre de Ruth dans un rouleau de parchemin, et de prononcer, sur cette lecture, la b\u00e9n\u00e9diction\u00a0: <em>Baroukh Ata\u2026 acher qidechanou b\u00e9mitsvotav v\u00e9tsivanou <strong>\u2018al miqra m\u00e9guila<\/strong><\/em> (\u00ab\u00a0B\u00e9ni sois-Tu\u2026 qui nous as sanctifi\u00e9s par tes commandements et nous as ordonn\u00e9 la lecture du rouleau\u00a0\u00bb), ainsi que la b\u00e9n\u00e9diction <em>Ch\u00e9h\u00e9\u2019h\u00e9yanou<\/em> (\u00ab\u00a0\u2026 qui nous as fait vivre, nous as maintenus et nous as fait parvenir \u00e0 cette \u00e9poque\u00a0\u00bb). Telle est la coutume des disciples du Gaon de Vilna. Mais la majorit\u00e9 des Ashk\u00e9nazes, ainsi que tous les S\u00e9farades, ont coutume de ne pas r\u00e9citer de b\u00e9n\u00e9diction sur cette lecture, et n\u2019exigent pas non plus qu\u2019elle soit faite dans un rouleau de parchemin.<\/p>\n<p>Dans les pays germaniques, on avait coutume de lire la <em>m\u00e9guila<\/em> de Ruth \u00e0 l\u2019office de Cha\u2019harit, avant la lecture de la Torah. Cependant, en cas de n\u00e9cessit\u00e9, on peut la lire \u00e0 un autre moment. Aussi, certains de ceux qui veillent toute la nuit de Chavou\u2019ot lisent Ruth avant l\u2019office de Cha\u2019harit, ou apr\u00e8s celui de Min\u2019ha, afin de pouvoir mieux se concentrer \u00e0 son \u00e9coute.<\/p>\n<p>La coutume s\u00e9farade et y\u00e9m\u00e9nite est de lire le livre de Ruth pr\u00e8s de Min\u2019ha\u00a0; et, si on l\u2019a lu \u00e0 l\u2019occasion du <em>Tiqoun <\/em>de la nuit de Chavou\u2019ot, il n\u2019est pas n\u00e9cessaire d\u2019en r\u00e9p\u00e9ter la lecture pr\u00e8s de Min\u2019ha.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>On a coutume de lire le livre de Ruth, \u00e0 Chavou\u2019ot. Cela, \u00ab\u00a0afin de t\u2019apprendre que la Torah n\u2019a \u00e9t\u00e9 donn\u00e9e que par le biais d\u2019\u00e9preuves et de la pauvret\u00e9. (\u2026) La Torah a dit devant le Saint b\u00e9ni Soit-Il\u00a0: \u201cMa\u00eetre de l\u2019univers, fixe mon lot au sein de la soci\u00e9t\u00e9 des pauvres ! Car [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":10,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[204],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-4798","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-12-13"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v27.1.1 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>12 - Rouleau de Ruth - Pnin\u00e9 Halakha<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/ph.yhb.org.il\/fr\/12-13-12\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"fr_FR\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"12 - Rouleau de Ruth - Pnin\u00e9 Halakha\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"On a coutume de lire le livre de Ruth, \u00e0 Chavou\u2019ot. 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