{"id":5305,"date":"2026-01-01T08:00:27","date_gmt":"2026-01-01T06:00:27","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/ph.yhb.org.il\/fr\/?p=5305"},"modified":"2026-01-28T10:29:17","modified_gmt":"2026-01-28T08:29:17","slug":"10-01-08","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/ph.yhb.org.il\/fr\/10-01-08\/","title":{"rendered":"08. Propret\u00e9 et puret\u00e9"},"content":{"rendered":"

Si l\u2019on a besoin d\u2019aller aux toilettes, de sorte que l\u2019on ne pourrait se retenir soixante-douze minutes, il est interdit de r\u00e9citer des b\u00e9n\u00e9dictions. Si l\u2019on a n\u00e9anmoins r\u00e9cit\u00e9 une b\u00e9n\u00e9diction, on est quitte a posteriori. Si le besoin est moindre, si bien que l\u2019on pourrait se retenir soixante-douze minutes, on est autoris\u00e9 \u00e0 dire la b\u00e9n\u00e9diction (comme nous le voyons dans La Pri\u00e8re d\u2019Isra\u00ebl<\/em>, chap. 5 \u00a7 9).<\/p>\n

Si l\u2019on est sous l\u2019effet de l\u2019alcool (chatou\u00ef<\/em>), sans \u00eatre pour autant ivre (chikor<\/em>), on peut dire les b\u00e9n\u00e9dictions a priori. Si l\u2019on est ivre, de sorte que l\u2019on ne pourrait se tenir dignement devant un roi, on ne dira pas, a priori, de b\u00e9n\u00e9dictions. Mais dans le cas o\u00f9, si l\u2019on attendait de se desso\u00fbler, l\u2019heure limite de r\u00e9citation passerait, on les r\u00e9citera malgr\u00e9 son \u00e9bri\u00e9t\u00e9. Toutefois, si l\u2019on est so\u00fbl comme Loth, qui n\u2019avait plus conscience de ce qui lui arrivait, on est consid\u00e9r\u00e9, du point de vue halakhique, comme \u00ab\u00a0d\u00e9ment\u00a0\u00bb, et l\u2019on est dispens\u00e9 de toutes les mitsvot. Dans le cas m\u00eame o\u00f9 l\u2019on aurait dit des b\u00e9n\u00e9dictions dans cet \u00e9tat, celles-ci ne seraient en rien valables (op. cit.<\/em> 5, 11).<\/p>\n

Si l\u2019on a fait ses besoins, ou que l\u2019on ait touch\u00e9 de ses mains des endroits de son corps normalement couverts, on devra se rincer les mains \u00e0 l\u2019eau avant que de dire une b\u00e9n\u00e9diction. Si l\u2019on n\u2019a pas d\u2019eau, on frottera ses mains dans ses v\u00eatements ou dans quelque autre chose qui les nettoiera, puis on dira la b\u00e9n\u00e9diction. Des mains que l\u2019on ne croit pas avoir \u00e9t\u00e9 souill\u00e9es (stam yada\u00efm<\/em>) ne n\u00e9cessitent pas de rin\u00e7age avant b\u00e9n\u00e9diction (Choul\u2018han \u2018Aroukh<\/em> 4, 23, Michna Beroura<\/em> 59-61).<\/p>\n

Il est interdit de prononcer des paroles saintes (devarim ch\u00e9-biqdoucha<\/em>) face \u00e0 une nudit\u00e9 (cf. La Pri\u00e8re d\u2019Isra\u00ebl<\/em> 3, 11). De m\u00eame, il est interdit de prononcer de telles paroles en un lieu o\u00f9 se trouve un excr\u00e9ment, ou d\u2019autres choses aussi malodorantes. L\u2019interdit vaut \u00e0 l\u2019int\u00e9rieur des quatre coud\u00e9es (amot<\/em>) dans lesquelles se trouve l\u2019excr\u00e9ment, ou en quelque lieu d\u2019o\u00f9 il est visible. Si son odeur se r\u00e9pand, on devra s\u2019\u00e9loigner de quatre amot<\/em> de l\u2019endroit o\u00f9 l\u2019odeur n\u2019est plus perceptible. A posteriori, si l\u2019on a dit une b\u00e9n\u00e9diction en un endroit o\u00f9 se trouvait un excr\u00e9ment, et quoique l\u2019on ait commis un interdit, on ne se r\u00e9p\u00e9tera pas. Mais si l\u2019on a r\u00e9cit\u00e9 la \u2018Amida en un tel endroit, on n\u2019est pas quitte de son obligation (op. cit.<\/em> 3, 9-10).<\/p>\n

Les excr\u00e9ments d\u2019un b\u00e9b\u00e9 de moins d\u2019un an ne sont pas tellement malodorants\u00a0; en cas de n\u00e9cessit\u00e9 imp\u00e9rieuse, il est donc permis de prier non loin d\u2019eux[i]<\/a><\/sup>. Si le b\u00e9b\u00e9 a un an ou plus et a fait ses besoins dans ses v\u00eatements, et qu\u2019il vienne voir sa m\u00e8re au moment o\u00f9 elle dit une b\u00e9n\u00e9diction, de deux choses l\u2019une. Si elle est au milieu d\u2019une b\u00e9n\u00e9diction courte, elle s\u2019\u00e9loignera assez pour ne plus percevoir l\u2019odeur\u00a0; si elle r\u00e9cite le Birkat hamazon<\/em>, dont la r\u00e9citation est plus longue, et qu\u2019elle ne puisse s\u2019\u00e9loigner ni laisser l\u2019enfant en un autre lieu jusqu\u2019\u00e0 la fin de la quatri\u00e8me b\u00e9n\u00e9diction, elle ira nettoyer l\u2019enfant et lui changer sa couche, puisque, de toutes fa\u00e7ons, il lui est interdit de continuer de r\u00e9citer des b\u00e9n\u00e9dictions lorsqu\u2019elle per\u00e7oit l\u2019odeur de l\u2019excr\u00e9ment. Puis elle se lavera les mains, et elle poursuivra la r\u00e9citation, en reprenant celle-ci au d\u00e9but de la b\u00e9n\u00e9diction o\u00f9 elle s\u2019\u00e9tait interrompue<\/em> (Choul\u2018han \u2018Aroukh, Ora\u2018h \u2018Ha\u00efm <\/em>65, 1, B\u00e9our Halakha<\/em> 183, 6, passage commen\u00e7ant par Afilou\u00a0<\/em>; La Pri\u00e8re juive au f\u00e9minin<\/em> 11, 9).<\/p>\n

\n
\n
\n[i]<\/a>. Il est question notamment du b\u00e9b\u00e9 dont la couche est salie.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Si l\u2019on a besoin d\u2019aller aux toilettes, de sorte que l\u2019on ne pourrait se retenir soixante-douze minutes, il est interdit de r\u00e9citer des b\u00e9n\u00e9dictions. Si l\u2019on a n\u00e9anmoins r\u00e9cit\u00e9 une b\u00e9n\u00e9diction, on est quitte a posteriori. Si le besoin est moindre, si bien que l\u2019on pourrait se retenir soixante-douze minutes, on est autoris\u00e9 \u00e0 dire […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[232],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-5305","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-10-01"],"yoast_head":"\n08. 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