{"id":554,"date":"2016-02-06T00:01:46","date_gmt":"2016-02-05T22:01:46","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/ph.yhb.org.il\/fr\/?p=554"},"modified":"2017-01-04T11:47:24","modified_gmt":"2017-01-04T09:47:24","slug":"02-06-01","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/ph.yhb.org.il\/fr\/02-06-01\/","title":{"rendered":"01 \u2013 Diff\u00e9rences des rites de pri\u00e8re"},"content":{"rendered":"

\u00c0 la suite des exils et de la dispersion des communaut\u00e9s, des diff\u00e9rences sont apparues dans les rituels de pri\u00e8re des diverses diasporas. Certes, dans les fondements de la pri\u00e8re, c\u2019est-\u00e0-dire dans ce qu\u2019ont institu\u00e9 les membres de la Grande Assembl\u00e9e (anch\u00e9 Knesset Haguedola<\/em>), comme les b\u00e9n\u00e9dictions du Ch\u00e9ma et la \u2018Amida, les diff\u00e9rences sont tr\u00e8s l\u00e9g\u00e8res. M\u00eame en ce qui concerne les grandes lignes du rappel des sacrifices (S\u00e9der haqorbanot<\/em>) et les versets de louange (Pessouq\u00e9 dezimra<\/em>), qui ont \u00e9t\u00e9 fix\u00e9s \u00e0 l\u2019\u00e9poque du Talmud et des Gu\u00e9onim (jusqu\u2019au 6\u00e8me<\/sup> si\u00e8cle de l\u2019\u00e8re civile), les distinctions sont l\u00e9g\u00e8res. Mais dans les ajouts datant de l\u2019\u00e9poque des Richonim (au Moyen Age), que ce soit dans le rappel des sacrifices ou dans la conclusion de la pri\u00e8re, les diff\u00e9rences entre communaut\u00e9s se font plus saillantes. En effet, ce que l\u2019on a pris l\u2019usage d\u2019ajouter en Espagne n\u2019a pas \u00e9t\u00e9 n\u00e9cessairement adopt\u00e9 en Allemagne, et vice-versa. C\u2019est particuli\u00e8rement perceptible dans les po\u00e8mes liturgiques (piyoutim<\/em>) r\u00e9dig\u00e9s \u00e0 l\u2019\u00e9poque des Gu\u00e9onim et des Richonim, et introduits dans le rituel des jours redoutables et des f\u00eates. Nous trouvons ainsi des po\u00e8mes liturgiques totalement diff\u00e9rents entre S\u00e9farades et Ashk\u00e9nazes, dans les rituels de pri\u00e8re des jours redoutables.<\/p>\n

Or il est souhaitable que tout Juif poursuive la tradition de ses anc\u00eatres. M\u00eame dans un cas o\u00f9 il est connu que tel autre rituel est plus pr\u00e9cis que celui dont on a h\u00e9rit\u00e9 de ses p\u00e8res, la r\u00e8gle est que chacun prolonge les usages de ses p\u00e8res, car la perp\u00e9tuation de la tradition est plus importante que la pr\u00e9cision de tel ou tel mot en particulier.<\/p>\n

En ce qui concerne les diff\u00e9rences de texte entre S\u00e9farades et Ashk\u00e9nazes, Rabbi Isaac Louria explique que, selon une tradition bien \u00e9tablie, il existe douze ouvertures au Ciel, correspondant aux douze tribus d\u2019Isra\u00ebl, et que la pri\u00e8re de chaque tribu s\u2019\u00e9l\u00e8ve par le portique qui lui est particulier. C\u2019est l\u00e0 que r\u00e9side le secret des douze portiques mentionn\u00e9s \u00e0 la fin du livre d\u2019Ez\u00e9chiel (Chaar Hakavanot<\/em> 50, 4\u00a0; Maguen Avraham<\/em> 68, 1\u00a0; Michna Beroura<\/em> 68, 4).<\/p>\n

On trouve encore des diff\u00e9rences entre communaut\u00e9s du point de vue de la prononciation traditionnelle de l\u2019h\u00e9breu, tant du point de vue des consonnes \u2013 comme, par exemple, les lettres tsadi <\/em>et qouf<\/em> \u2013 que des voyelles \u2013 comme pour le qamats<\/em> et le \u2018holam<\/em>. L\u00e0 encore, il revient aux membres de chaque communaut\u00e9 de poursuivre ses usages. Mais quoi qu\u2019il en soit, si l\u2019on a prononc\u00e9 telle pri\u00e8re diff\u00e9remment de sa tradition, on est quitte de son obligation, car toutes les traditions existant parmi le peuple d\u2019Isra\u00ebl, dans la lecture des lettres comme leur vocalisation, sont recevables (Igrot Moch\u00e9<\/em>, Ora\u2019h \u2018Ha\u00efm<\/em> 3, 5\u00a0; m\u00eame quand il s\u2019agit du texte de la c\u00e9r\u00e9monie de \u2018halitsa<\/em> 1<\/a><\/sup>, pour lequel, de l\u2019avis de tous, il faut prononcer distinctement toutes les lettres, on est quitte quelle que soit la prononciation employ\u00e9e).<\/p>\n

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  1. <\/li>\n<\/ol>\n
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    1. \u2018Halitsa<\/em>, litt\u00e9ralement d\u00e9chaussage\u00a0: c\u00e9r\u00e9monie de lib\u00e9ration de l\u2019obligation d\u2019\u00e9pouser sa belle-s\u0153ur en vertu du l\u00e9virat. ↩<\/a><\/span><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

      \u00c0 la suite des exils et de la dispersion des communaut\u00e9s, des diff\u00e9rences sont apparues dans les rituels de pri\u00e8re des diverses diasporas. Certes, dans les fondements de la pri\u00e8re, c\u2019est-\u00e0-dire dans ce qu\u2019ont institu\u00e9 les membres de la Grande Assembl\u00e9e (anch\u00e9 Knesset Haguedola), comme les b\u00e9n\u00e9dictions du Ch\u00e9ma et la \u2018Amida, les diff\u00e9rences sont […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":9,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[60],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-554","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-02-06"],"yoast_head":"\n01 \u2013 Diff\u00e9rences des rites de pri\u00e8re - Pnin\u00e9 Halakha<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/ph.yhb.org.il\/fr\/02-06-01\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"fr_FR\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"01 \u2013 Diff\u00e9rences des rites de pri\u00e8re - Pnin\u00e9 Halakha\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"\u00c0 la suite des exils et de la dispersion des communaut\u00e9s, des diff\u00e9rences sont apparues dans les rituels de pri\u00e8re des diverses diasporas. Certes, dans les fondements de la pri\u00e8re, c\u2019est-\u00e0-dire dans ce qu\u2019ont institu\u00e9 les membres de la Grande Assembl\u00e9e (anch\u00e9 Knesset Haguedola), comme les b\u00e9n\u00e9dictions du Ch\u00e9ma et la \u2018Amida, les diff\u00e9rences sont […]\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:url\" content=\"https:\/\/ph.yhb.org.il\/fr\/02-06-01\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:site_name\" content=\"Pnin\u00e9 Halakha\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:published_time\" content=\"2016-02-05T22:01:46+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:modified_time\" content=\"2017-01-04T09:47:24+00:00\" \/>\n<meta name=\"author\" content=\"orah765768\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:card\" content=\"summary_large_image\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:label1\" content=\"\u00c9crit par\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data1\" content=\"orah765768\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:label2\" content=\"Dur\u00e9e de lecture estim\u00e9e\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data2\" content=\"3 minutes\" \/>\n<script type=\"application\/ld+json\" class=\"yoast-schema-graph\">{\"@context\":\"https:\\\/\\\/schema.org\",\"@graph\":[{\"@type\":\"Article\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/ph.yhb.org.il\\\/fr\\\/02-06-01\\\/#article\",\"isPartOf\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/ph.yhb.org.il\\\/fr\\\/02-06-01\\\/\"},\"author\":{\"name\":\"orah765768\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/ph.yhb.org.il\\\/fr\\\/#\\\/schema\\\/person\\\/0996d17962bfd8ffd1c8ef7117a4204b\"},\"headline\":\"01 \u2013 Diff\u00e9rences des rites de pri\u00e8re\",\"datePublished\":\"2016-02-05T22:01:46+00:00\",\"dateModified\":\"2017-01-04T09:47:24+00:00\",\"mainEntityOfPage\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/ph.yhb.org.il\\\/fr\\\/02-06-01\\\/\"},\"wordCount\":584,\"articleSection\":[\"Chapitre 06 \u2013 Rituels et coutumes des communaut\u00e9s\"],\"inLanguage\":\"fr-FR\"},{\"@type\":\"WebPage\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/ph.yhb.org.il\\\/fr\\\/02-06-01\\\/\",\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/ph.yhb.org.il\\\/fr\\\/02-06-01\\\/\",\"name\":\"01 \u2013 Diff\u00e9rences des rites de pri\u00e8re - Pnin\u00e9 Halakha\",\"isPartOf\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/ph.yhb.org.il\\\/fr\\\/#website\"},\"datePublished\":\"2016-02-05T22:01:46+00:00\",\"dateModified\":\"2017-01-04T09:47:24+00:00\",\"author\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/ph.yhb.org.il\\\/fr\\\/#\\\/schema\\\/person\\\/0996d17962bfd8ffd1c8ef7117a4204b\"},\"breadcrumb\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/ph.yhb.org.il\\\/fr\\\/02-06-01\\\/#breadcrumb\"},\"inLanguage\":\"fr-FR\",\"potentialAction\":[{\"@type\":\"ReadAction\",\"target\":[\"https:\\\/\\\/ph.yhb.org.il\\\/fr\\\/02-06-01\\\/\"]}]},{\"@type\":\"BreadcrumbList\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/ph.yhb.org.il\\\/fr\\\/02-06-01\\\/#breadcrumb\",\"itemListElement\":[{\"@type\":\"ListItem\",\"position\":1,\"name\":\"\u05d3\u05e3 \u05d4\u05d1\u05d9\u05ea\",\"item\":\"https:\\\/\\\/ph.yhb.org.il\\\/fr\\\/\"},{\"@type\":\"ListItem\",\"position\":2,\"name\":\"01 \u2013 Diff\u00e9rences des rites de pri\u00e8re\"}]},{\"@type\":\"WebSite\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/ph.yhb.org.il\\\/fr\\\/#website\",\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/ph.yhb.org.il\\\/fr\\\/\",\"name\":\"Pnin\u00e9 Halakha\",\"description\":\"Rav Eli\u00e9zer Melamed\",\"potentialAction\":[{\"@type\":\"SearchAction\",\"target\":{\"@type\":\"EntryPoint\",\"urlTemplate\":\"https:\\\/\\\/ph.yhb.org.il\\\/fr\\\/?s={search_term_string}\"},\"query-input\":{\"@type\":\"PropertyValueSpecification\",\"valueRequired\":true,\"valueName\":\"search_term_string\"}}],\"inLanguage\":\"fr-FR\"},{\"@type\":\"Person\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/ph.yhb.org.il\\\/fr\\\/#\\\/schema\\\/person\\\/0996d17962bfd8ffd1c8ef7117a4204b\",\"name\":\"orah765768\",\"image\":{\"@type\":\"ImageObject\",\"inLanguage\":\"fr-FR\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/secure.gravatar.com\\\/avatar\\\/0fdb49d8a411a6adc7129873884ffe72812892b9141dc21fe63bbadcaf2d84f6?s=96&d=mm&r=g\",\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/secure.gravatar.com\\\/avatar\\\/0fdb49d8a411a6adc7129873884ffe72812892b9141dc21fe63bbadcaf2d84f6?s=96&d=mm&r=g\",\"contentUrl\":\"https:\\\/\\\/secure.gravatar.com\\\/avatar\\\/0fdb49d8a411a6adc7129873884ffe72812892b9141dc21fe63bbadcaf2d84f6?s=96&d=mm&r=g\",\"caption\":\"orah765768\"},\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/ph.yhb.org.il\\\/fr\\\/author\\\/orah765768\\\/\"}]}<\/script>\n<!-- \/ Yoast SEO plugin. -->","yoast_head_json":{"title":"01 \u2013 Diff\u00e9rences des rites de pri\u00e8re - Pnin\u00e9 Halakha","robots":{"index":"index","follow":"follow","max-snippet":"max-snippet:-1","max-image-preview":"max-image-preview:large","max-video-preview":"max-video-preview:-1"},"canonical":"https:\/\/ph.yhb.org.il\/fr\/02-06-01\/","og_locale":"fr_FR","og_type":"article","og_title":"01 \u2013 Diff\u00e9rences des rites de pri\u00e8re - Pnin\u00e9 Halakha","og_description":"\u00c0 la suite des exils et de la dispersion des communaut\u00e9s, des diff\u00e9rences sont apparues dans les rituels de pri\u00e8re des diverses diasporas. 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