{"id":5644,"date":"2026-01-08T09:00:27","date_gmt":"2026-01-08T07:00:27","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/ph.yhb.org.il\/fr\/?p=5644"},"modified":"2026-01-27T15:11:25","modified_gmt":"2026-01-27T13:11:25","slug":"10-08-09","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/ph.yhb.org.il\/fr\/10-08-09\/","title":{"rendered":"09. Fruits et l\u00e9gumes non enti\u00e8rement broy\u00e9s"},"content":{"rendered":"

Sur des dattes \u00e9cras\u00e9es, dont on a fait une sorte de p\u00e2te, on dit Ha\u2018ets<\/em>, et, \u00e0 la fin, M\u00e9\u2018ein chaloch\u00a0<\/em>(\u2018Al ha\u2018ets<\/em>)\u00a0: d\u00e8s lors qu\u2019elles n\u2019ont pas \u00e9t\u00e9 enti\u00e8rement broy\u00e9es, elles n\u2019ont pas tout \u00e0 fait perdu l\u2019apparence de la datte\u00a0; aussi leur b\u00e9n\u00e9diction reste-t-elle inchang\u00e9e[5]<\/a><\/sup>.<\/p>\n

Pour de l\u2019avocat \u00e9cras\u00e9, puisque le broyage n\u2019est pas complet et que la consistance particuli\u00e8re de ce fruit demeure, on dit Ha\u2018ets<\/em>. M\u00eame si l\u2019on y a ajout\u00e9 de l\u2019oignon et du citron pour l\u2019assaisonner, la b\u00e9n\u00e9diction reste Ha\u2018ets<\/em>, puisque le fruit n\u2019a pas tellement chang\u00e9, et que tout le monde consid\u00e8re cette pr\u00e9paration comme de l\u2019avocat.<\/p>\n

Pour une salade d\u2019aubergines \u00e9cras\u00e9es, m\u00eal\u00e9es de mayonnaise, on dira \u2013 si l\u2019on souhaite manger de cette salade sans accompagnement \u2013 Ha-adama<\/em>, d\u00e8s lors que l\u2019on ne broie pas enti\u00e8rement les morceaux d\u2019aubergine.<\/p>\n

Sur des beignets de pomme de terre r\u00e2p\u00e9e (latkes<\/em> ou l\u00e9vivot<\/em>), on dit Ha-adama<\/em>, puisque la pomme de terre n\u2019est pas enti\u00e8rement broy\u00e9e. Mais sur des beignets faits \u00e0 base de farine de pomme de terre, la b\u00e9n\u00e9diction est Ch\u00e9hakol<\/em>, puisque la pomme de terre est enti\u00e8rement broy\u00e9e, et que l\u2019on ne sait pas tellement, \u00e0 les voir, de quoi sont faits ces beignets. De m\u00eame pour un kouguel<\/em> de pommes de terre\u00a0: si des morceaux de pomme de terre y sont perceptibles, on dira Ha-adama<\/em>\u00a0; sinon, Ch\u00e9hakol<\/em>.<\/p>\n

Il arrive que l\u2019on coupe en tranches un fruit, et qu\u2019on en change l\u2019apparence en le faisant s\u00e9cher ou frire\u00a0; on fait ainsi, par exemple, des tranches fines de pomme s\u00e9ch\u00e9e. Puisque le fruit n\u2019a pas \u00e9t\u00e9 \u00e9cras\u00e9, sa b\u00e9n\u00e9diction demeure inchang\u00e9e[6]<\/a><\/sup>.<\/p>\n

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<[5]<\/a>. C\u2019est ce qu\u2019\u00e9crivent le Michna Beroura<\/em> 202, 42 et le Yabia\u2019 Omer<\/em> VII 20 \u00a7 4, 10 et 14. Si le broyage a enti\u00e8rement modifi\u00e9 la forme et l\u2019apparence d\u2019un des sept fruits par lesquels il est fait l\u2019\u00e9loge de la terre d\u2019Isra\u00ebl, au point que l\u2019on ne saurait reconna\u00eetre de quel fruit la pur\u00e9e provient, et quoiqu\u2019il soit halakhiquement tranch\u00e9 de r\u00e9citer Ch\u00e9hakol <\/em>comme b\u00e9n\u00e9diction initiale, un doute se pr\u00e9sente quant \u00e0 la b\u00e9n\u00e9diction finale, dans le cas o\u00f9 l\u2019on aurait mang\u00e9 un kaza\u00eft <\/em>de cette pur\u00e9e. Selon le Rachbam, on dira la b\u00e9n\u00e9diction M\u00e9\u2018ein chaloch<\/em>, c\u2019est-\u00e0-dire \u2018Al ha\u2018ets<\/em>\u00a0; selon le Teroumat Had\u00e9chen<\/em>, on dira Bor\u00e9 n\u00e9fachot<\/em>.<\/p>\n

En pratique, le Michna Beroura<\/em> 202, 42 estime que l\u2019on doit dire \u2018Al ha\u2018ets<\/em>, car la majorit\u00e9 des Richonim pensent comme Ma\u00efmonide, et ce n\u2019est qu\u2019en raison du doute que la majorit\u00e9 des A\u2018haronim suivent le Teroumat Had\u00e9chen<\/em>. Certes, le Kaf Ha\u2018ha\u00efm<\/em> 57 \u00e9crit que l\u2019on devra dire Bor\u00e9 n\u00e9fachot\u00a0<\/em>; mais puisque, pour la majorit\u00e9 des d\u00e9cisionnaires, Bor\u00e9 n\u00e9fachot<\/em> serait en un tel cas une b\u00e9n\u00e9diction vaine (berakha l\u00e9vatala<\/em>), il faut suivre la majorit\u00e9, conform\u00e9ment au Michna Beroura<\/em> (cf. ci-apr\u00e8s, chap. 10 \u00a7 4, note 5). Il n\u2019y a pas l\u00e0 de contradiction, car la b\u00e9n\u00e9diction initiale d\u00e9pend surtout de l\u2019opinion des gens, tandis que la b\u00e9n\u00e9diction finale est li\u00e9e davantage \u00e0 la r\u00e9alit\u00e9 objective\u00a0; nous exprimons notre reconnaissance pour ce que nous avons d\u00e9j\u00e0 mang\u00e9, et qui se trouve en nos entrailles. Nous voyons dans le m\u00eame sens que le riz a pour b\u00e9n\u00e9diction initiale M\u00e9zonot<\/em>, et Bor\u00e9 n\u00e9fachot<\/em> pour b\u00e9n\u00e9diction finale.<\/p>\n

[6]<\/a>. Pour du \u00ab\u00a0cuir de fruit\u00a0\u00bb<\/strong> (fruit leather<\/em>), fait d\u2019abricot \u00e9cras\u00e9 et enti\u00e8rement r\u00e9duit en pur\u00e9e, auquel on m\u00eale d\u2019autres ingr\u00e9dients aromatiques pour en modifier le go\u00fbt, on dit Ch\u00e9hakol <\/em>(Rav Pe\u2018alim<\/em> II 28).<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Sur des dattes \u00e9cras\u00e9es, dont on a fait une sorte de p\u00e2te, on dit Ha\u2018ets, et, \u00e0 la fin, M\u00e9\u2018ein chaloch\u00a0(\u2018Al ha\u2018ets)\u00a0: d\u00e8s lors qu\u2019elles n\u2019ont pas \u00e9t\u00e9 enti\u00e8rement broy\u00e9es, elles n\u2019ont pas tout \u00e0 fait perdu l\u2019apparence de la datte\u00a0; aussi leur b\u00e9n\u00e9diction reste-t-elle inchang\u00e9e[5]. Pour de l\u2019avocat \u00e9cras\u00e9, puisque le broyage n\u2019est pas […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[240],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-5644","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-chapitre-08-benedictions-des-fruits-et-des-legumes-chehakol"],"yoast_head":"\n09. 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