{"id":57,"date":"2016-01-15T08:00:59","date_gmt":"2016-01-15T06:00:59","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/ph.yhb.org.il\/fr\/?p=57"},"modified":"2018-03-19T11:27:03","modified_gmt":"2018-03-19T09:27:03","slug":"05-15-08","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/ph.yhb.org.il\/fr\/05-15-08\/","title":{"rendered":"08. Les enfants"},"content":{"rendered":"

C\u2019est une mitsva que d\u2019\u00e9duquer les enfants aux commandements. D\u00e8s qu\u2019un gar\u00e7on ou une fille arrive au stade o\u00f9 il comprend le propos de la M\u00e9guila, et peut en \u00e9couter toute la lecture conform\u00e9ment \u00e0 la halakha, il faut l\u2019y \u00e9duquer. Cela ne d\u00e9pend pas tant de l\u2019\u00e2ge que du d\u00e9veloppement individuel de chaque enfant. Puisque la dur\u00e9e de la lecture est longue, de nombreux enfants deviennent capables d\u2019\u00e9couter toute la M\u00e9guila, conform\u00e9ment \u00e0 la halakha, apr\u00e8s l\u2019\u00e2ge de neuf ans.<\/p>\n

C\u2019est une bonne coutume que d\u2019amener aussi les enfants plus petits, de cinq ou six ans, \u00e0 la synagogue, pour qu\u2019ils y entendent la M\u00e9guila. Bien qu\u2019ils n\u2019aient pas encore atteint l\u2019\u00a0\u00ab\u00a0\u00e2ge de l\u2019\u00e9ducation\u00a0\u00bb (guil \u2018hinoukh<\/em>) \u00e0 l\u2019\u00e9gard de la lecture de la M\u00e9guila en tant que telle \u2013 puisqu\u2019ils ne peuvent \u00eatre attentifs \u00e0 son \u00e9coute int\u00e9grale \u2013, il est bon de les amener, puisqu\u2019ils comprennent au moins le propos g\u00e9n\u00e9ral de cette lecture. Par contre, il ne faut pas amener \u00e0 la synagogue les enfants plus petits, qui risquent de d\u00e9ranger l\u2019\u00e9coute de la M\u00e9guila. On doit avoir soin de ne pas faire preuve, en mati\u00e8re \u00e9ducative, d\u2019un souci de pi\u00e9t\u00e9 qui serait au d\u00e9triment des autres fid\u00e8les, lesquels risquent de p\u00e2tir des perturbations desdits enfants[9]<\/a><\/sup>.<\/p>\n

Afin d\u2019\u00e9veiller la joie, et d\u2019attirer l\u2019attention des enfants, il est d\u2019usage que le public lise quatre versets de la M\u00e9guila \u00e0 haute voix, versets qui r\u00e9sument le miracle dans son commencement et sa fin\u00a0; apr\u00e8s cela, le lecteur r\u00e9p\u00e8te chacun des versets, en les lisant dans le rouleau (Rama 690, 17, Michna Beroura<\/em> 689, 16, d\u2019apr\u00e8s le Mordekhi et le Levouch<\/em>).<\/p>\n

Ces versets sont\u00a0: Ich yehoudi\u2026<\/em> (Est 2, 5\u00a0: \u00ab\u00a0Un homme Juif vivait \u00e0 Suse, la capitale, dont le nom \u00e9tait Mordekha\u00ef…\u00a0\u00bb)\u00a0; Ou-Mordekha\u00ef yatsa <\/em>(8, 15\u00a0: \u00ab\u00a0Mordekha\u00ef sortit de chez le roi en costume royal\u2026\u00a0\u00bb)\u00a0; La-Yehoudim<\/em> (8, 16\u00a0: \u00ab\u00a0Pour les Juifs, ce n\u2019\u00e9taient que lumi\u00e8re et joie\u2026\u00a0\u00bb)\u00a0; Ki Mordekha\u00ef<\/em> (10, 3\u00a0: \u00ab\u00a0Car le Juif Mordekha\u00ef \u00e9tait le second du roi\u00a0\u00bb).<\/p>\n

Il semble que la coutume consistant \u00e0 \u00ab\u00a0frapper\u00a0\u00bb (conspuer) le nom d\u2019Haman en agitant des cr\u00e9celles quand il est mentionn\u00e9 soit, elle aussi, destin\u00e9e, dans une large mesure, \u00e0 \u00e9veiller l\u2019attention des enfants durant leur \u00e9coute de la M\u00e9guila. Il faut toutefois faire attention de ne pas transformer l\u2019accessoire en principal\u00a0: on prendra notamment grand soin de ne pas faire de bruit quand le lecteur poursuit sa r\u00e9citation de la M\u00e9guila (Choul\u2019han \u2018Aroukh <\/em>690, 17, cf. Michna Beroura<\/em> 59 et B\u00e9our Halakha<\/em>).<\/p>\n

\n
\n
\n[9]<\/a>. Le Choul\u2019han \u2018Aroukh<\/em> 689, 1 explique que le devoir des enfants, quant \u00e0 l\u2019\u00e9coute de la M\u00e9guila, proc\u00e8de du devoir d\u2019\u00e9ducation\u00a0; au paragraphe 6, l\u2019auteur dit qu\u2019il est bon de les amener \u00e0 la synagogue. Des propos du Levouch<\/em> et du sidour<\/em> du Ya\u2019avets, il ressort que ceux dont parle ici le Choul\u2019han \u2018Aroukh<\/em> sont les enfants qui comprennent sur quoi, g\u00e9n\u00e9ralement, porte la M\u00e9guila, mais qui ne peuvent pas encore accomplir la mitsva conform\u00e9ment \u00e0 la halakha\u00a0; par exemple, ils ne peuvent compl\u00e9ter par eux-m\u00eames les versets dont ils n\u2019ont pas entendu tous les mots r\u00e9cit\u00e9s par le lecteur. Bien que le B\u00e9our Halakha<\/em> ad loc. explique le passage autrement, il ne semble pas y avoir de diff\u00e9rence pratique avec ce que nous avons \u00e9crit. Cf. encore Michna Beroura<\/em> 689, 3, 16-18\u00a0; Hilkhot \u2018Hag Be\u2019hag<\/em> 7, 1*, 17, Pisq\u00e9 Techouvot<\/em> 689, 8, Torat Hamo\u2019adim<\/em> 5, 10.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

C\u2019est une mitsva que d\u2019\u00e9duquer les enfants aux commandements. D\u00e8s qu\u2019un gar\u00e7on ou une fille arrive au stade o\u00f9 il comprend le propos de la M\u00e9guila, et peut en \u00e9couter toute la lecture conform\u00e9ment \u00e0 la halakha, il faut l\u2019y \u00e9duquer. Cela ne d\u00e9pend pas tant de l\u2019\u00e2ge que du d\u00e9veloppement individuel de chaque enfant. […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[29],"tags":[38],"class_list":["post-57","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-05-15","tag-pourim"],"yoast_head":"\n08. 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