{"id":710,"date":"2016-04-02T05:00:15","date_gmt":"2016-04-02T02:00:15","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/ph.yhb.org.il\/fr\/?p=710"},"modified":"2018-03-20T09:53:24","modified_gmt":"2018-03-20T07:53:24","slug":"04-02-05","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/ph.yhb.org.il\/fr\/04-02-05\/","title":{"rendered":"05. \u2018Hamets nouqch\u00e9<\/em> (\u2018hamets alt\u00e9r\u00e9)"},"content":{"rendered":"

Le \u2018hamets que la Torah interdit est un \u2018hamets pleinement constitu\u00e9. C\u2019est le cas lorsque le processus de fermentation est achev\u00e9, et que l\u2019aliment est propre \u00e0 la consommation. Mais si la fermentation a seulement commenc\u00e9, sans s\u2019\u00eatre achev\u00e9e, et que, d\u00e8s le d\u00e9but, l\u2019aliment n\u2019\u00e9tait consommable qu\u2019en cas de n\u00e9cessit\u00e9 pressante, il s\u2019agit de \u2018hamets nouqch\u00e9<\/em> (alt\u00e9r\u00e9). Pour la majorit\u00e9 des d\u00e9cisionnaires, un tel produit n\u2019est pas interdit par la Torah elle-m\u00eame, et ce sont les sages qui l\u2019ont interdit afin que l\u2019on n\u2019en vienne pas \u00e0 se tromper, et \u00e0 manger ou \u00e0 garder du v\u00e9ritable \u2018hamets.<\/p>\n

Par exemple, la colle que les scribes pr\u00e9paraient autrefois \u00e0 partir de farine et d\u2019eau afin de coller leurs papiers est un \u2018hamets nouqch\u00e9<\/em>, dans la mesure o\u00f9 sa fermentation n\u2019est pas achev\u00e9e, et qu\u2019elle n\u2019est comestible qu\u2019en cas d\u2019ardente n\u00e9cessit\u00e9. Ce sont les sages qui interdisent de la consommer ou de la garder chez soi pendant Pessa\u2019h (Michna Beroura<\/em> 442, 2). Si sa forme a chang\u00e9, par exemple si l\u2019on a coll\u00e9 des papiers avec cette colle, il devient permis de la garder. Certains auteurs sont rigoureux, et pensent que, si la colle filtre entre les feuilles, on doit consid\u00e9rer que la forme en est maintenue, et il est donc interdit de la garder pendant Pessa\u2019h (Choul\u2019han \u2018Aroukh<\/em> et Rama 442, 3).<\/p>\n

De m\u00eame, une p\u00e2te qui a commenc\u00e9 de fermenter, au point d\u2019\u00eatre devenue luisante d\u2019aspect, mais sans pour autant qu\u2019elle se soit fissur\u00e9e comme se fissure une p\u00e2te pleinement ferment\u00e9e, s\u2019appelle \u2018hamets nouqch\u00e9<\/em>. Les sages interdisent de la consommer ou de la garder pendant Pessa\u2019h (Choul\u2019han \u2018Aroukh<\/em> 459, 2)[4]<\/a><\/sup>.<\/p>\n

\n
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\n[4]<\/a>. La position du Choul\u2019han \u2018Aroukh<\/em> 447, 12 est que le \u2018hamets nouqch\u00e9<\/em> est rabbiniquement interdit \u00e0 la consommation. C\u2019est pourquoi il autorise, apr\u00e8s Pessa\u2019h, le \u2018hamets nouqch\u00e9<\/em> qui \u00e9tait dans le domaine d\u2019un Juif pendant Pessa\u2019h. En effet, puisque ce Juif n\u2019a enfreint qu\u2019une norme rabbinique, il n\u2019y a pas lieu d\u2019interdire le produit apr\u00e8s Pessa\u2019h. C\u2019est aussi la position du Choul\u2019han \u2018Aroukh Harav<\/em> 442, 20-21 et du Michna Beroura<\/em> 442, 2. Ce que nous venons de dire s\u2019inscrit dans la perspective de la majorit\u00e9 des Richonim. N\u00e9anmoins, certains Richonim, qui ne sont pas rares, pensent que l\u2019interdit du \u2018hamets nouqch\u00e9<\/em> est toranique. Il y a ici deux questions\u00a0: celle de la consommation, et celle de la conservation du produit chez soi. Cf. B\u00e9rour Halakha<\/em> sur Pessa\u2019him<\/em> 48b, au sujet de l\u2019interdit de consommer du \u2018hamets nouqch\u00e9<\/em>\u00a0; cf. encore ibid. 42a, sur l\u2019interdit de le conserver. De la farine p\u00e9trie avec du jus de fruit et un peu d\u2019eau est \u00e9galement consid\u00e9r\u00e9e, selon Rabb\u00e9nou Tam et de nombreux d\u00e9cisionnaires, comme du \u2018hamets nouqch\u00e9<\/em>. Cf. ci-apr\u00e8s, chap. 8 \u00a7 1, la question de la matsa \u2018achira<\/em>.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Le \u2018hamets que la Torah interdit est un \u2018hamets pleinement constitu\u00e9. C\u2019est le cas lorsque le processus de fermentation est achev\u00e9, et que l\u2019aliment est propre \u00e0 la consommation. Mais si la fermentation a seulement commenc\u00e9, sans s\u2019\u00eatre achev\u00e9e, et que, d\u00e8s le d\u00e9but, l\u2019aliment n\u2019\u00e9tait consommable qu\u2019en cas de n\u00e9cessit\u00e9 pressante, il s\u2019agit de […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":9,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[70],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-710","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-04-02"],"yoast_head":"\n05. \u2018Hamets nouqch\u00e9 (\u2018hamets alt\u00e9r\u00e9) - Pnin\u00e9 Halakha<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/ph.yhb.org.il\/fr\/04-02-05\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"fr_FR\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"05. \u2018Hamets nouqch\u00e9 (\u2018hamets alt\u00e9r\u00e9) - Pnin\u00e9 Halakha\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Le \u2018hamets que la Torah interdit est un \u2018hamets pleinement constitu\u00e9. C\u2019est le cas lorsque le processus de fermentation est achev\u00e9, et que l\u2019aliment est propre \u00e0 la consommation. 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