{"id":739,"date":"2016-04-04T05:00:54","date_gmt":"2016-04-04T02:00:54","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/ph.yhb.org.il\/fr\/?p=739"},"modified":"2018-03-20T10:26:12","modified_gmt":"2018-03-20T08:26:12","slug":"04-04-05","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/ph.yhb.org.il\/fr\/04-04-05\/","title":{"rendered":"05. Bougie, lampe-torche \u00e9lectrique"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>Les sages ont d\u00e9cr\u00e9t\u00e9 que la recherche du \u2018hamets se ferait \u00e0 la lumi\u00e8re d\u2019une bougie, car cette lumi\u00e8re est bien focalis\u00e9e, et convient bien \u00e0 la recherche. C\u2019est aussi pourquoi les sages ont prescrit de mener cette recherche la nuit, car la nuit, la lumi\u00e8re de la bougie ressort mieux, et \u00e9claire bien les orifices et les fentes, vers lesquels va l\u2019essentiel de la recherche. Le jour, en revanche, la lumi\u00e8re forte du soleil ternit la lumi\u00e8re de la bougie, et il est difficile \u00e0 l\u2019\u0153il de se concentrer sur l\u2019inspection des orifices et des fentes \u00e0 cette faible lumi\u00e8re (<em>Pessa\u2019him<\/em> 8a).<\/p>\n<p>Il ne faut pas faire la recherche \u00e0 la lumi\u00e8re d\u2019une torche, c\u2019est-\u00e0-dire d\u2019un flambeau dont la flamme part de deux m\u00e8ches distinctes ou davantage. En effet, la flamme d\u2019une torche est grande, et risque de br\u00fbler des objets de la maison\u00a0; on serait donc pr\u00e9occup\u00e9 par la crainte que rien ne soit br\u00fbl\u00e9, et l\u2019on ne pourrait se concentrer sur sa recherche. Si l\u2019on a, par erreur, fait la recherche \u00e0 l\u2019aide d\u2019une torche, on n\u2019est pas quitte. De m\u00eame, il ne faut pas faire la recherche \u00e0 la lumi\u00e8re d\u2019une lampe \u00e0 huile, car on craindrait que de l\u2019huile ne se renverse sur ses affaires ou ses v\u00eatements, et l\u2019on ne pourrait donc introduire la lampe dans les endroits \u00e9troits afin de bien voir les creux et les fentes. A priori, il ne faut pas faire la recherche \u00e0 la lumi\u00e8re d\u2019une bougie de paraffine, car l\u00e0 encore, il serait difficile de l\u2019introduire dans des endroits \u00e9troits, de crainte que la bougie ne goutte et ne salisse ses affaires. Aussi, on a coutume d\u2019utiliser des bougies de cire, qui ne gouttent presque pas (<em>Choul\u2019han \u2018Aroukh<\/em> et <em>Michna Beroura<\/em> 433, 2).<\/p>\n<p>Si l\u2019on s\u2019en tient \u00e0 la stricte obligation, il est permis de faire la recherche \u00e0 la lumi\u00e8re d\u2019une lampe-torche \u00e9lectrique. En effet, la raison m\u00eame pour laquelle il a \u00e9t\u00e9 prescrit de faire la recherche \u00e0 la lumi\u00e8re d\u2019une bougie est, comme on l\u2019a vu, que sa lumi\u00e8re est bien focalis\u00e9e\u00a0; or c\u2019est aussi le cas d\u2019une lampe-torche \u00e9lectrique. Celle-ci pr\u00e9sente m\u00eame un avantage\u00a0: il n\u2019est pas \u00e0 craindre qu\u2019elle br\u00fble ou qu\u2019elle salisse quelque objet\u00a0; de plus, s\u2019il s\u2019agit d\u2019une lampe de qualit\u00e9, sa lumi\u00e8re sera plus puissante et plus concentr\u00e9e que celle d\u2019une bougie. Toutefois, certains auteurs, rigoureux, ne permettent pas de rechercher le \u2018hamets \u00e0 la lumi\u00e8re d\u2019une lampe-torche, car c\u2019est de versets que nos sages ont appris qu\u2019il convient que la recherche se fasse \u00e0 la lumi\u00e8re d\u2019une bougie (<em>Pessa\u2019him <\/em>7b). On peut r\u00e9pondre \u00e0 cela que la lampe-torche \u00e9lectrique peut, elle aussi, \u00eatre assimil\u00e9e \u00e0 la bougie\u00a0: le filament incandescent est comparable \u00e0 la m\u00e8che, et la pile \u00e0 l\u2019huile (<em>Che\u2019arim Metsouyanim Bahalakha<\/em> 111, 4\u00a0; <em>Ye\u2019hav\u00e9 Da\u2019at<\/em> I 4, <em>Sidour Pessa\u2019h Kehilkhata<\/em> 13, 10).<\/p>\n<p>En pratique, chacun est autoris\u00e9 \u00e0 choisir sa fa\u00e7on de mener la recherche, soit avec une bougie, comme les Juifs en ont l\u2019usage depuis toujours, soit avec une lampe-torche \u00e9lectrique, dont la lumi\u00e8re est meilleure \u00e0 cet \u00e9gard. On peut aussi commencer la recherche \u00e0 l\u2019aide d\u2019une bougie, suivant la coutume de nos anc\u00eatres, et continuer avec une lampe-torche \u00e9lectrique, qui est plus efficace. Dans les endroits o\u00f9 l\u2019on a quelque crainte que la flamme de la bougie ne provoque un incendie, ainsi que dans le cas o\u00f9 l\u2019on ne voit pas bien \u00e0 la lumi\u00e8re de la bougie, il sera pr\u00e9f\u00e9rable d\u2019effectuer la recherche \u00e0 l\u2019aide d\u2019une lampe-torche \u00e9lectrique.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Les sages ont d\u00e9cr\u00e9t\u00e9 que la recherche du \u2018hamets se ferait \u00e0 la lumi\u00e8re d\u2019une bougie, car cette lumi\u00e8re est bien focalis\u00e9e, et convient bien \u00e0 la recherche. C\u2019est aussi pourquoi les sages ont prescrit de mener cette recherche la nuit, car la nuit, la lumi\u00e8re de la bougie ressort mieux, et \u00e9claire bien les [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":9,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[72],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-739","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-04-04"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v27.3 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>05. 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