{"id":781,"date":"2016-04-06T06:00:29","date_gmt":"2016-04-06T03:00:29","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/ph.yhb.org.il\/fr\/?p=781"},"modified":"2018-03-20T11:10:35","modified_gmt":"2018-03-20T09:10:35","slug":"04-06-06","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/ph.yhb.org.il\/fr\/04-06-06\/","title":{"rendered":"06. Le \u2018hamets qui a \u00e9t\u00e9 vendu\u00a0: son statut apr\u00e8s Pessa\u2019h"},"content":{"rendered":"

Apr\u00e8s Pessa\u2019h, il est bon d\u2019attendre quelque peu, jusqu\u2019au moment o\u00f9 l\u2019on pourra supposer que le rabbinat a rachet\u00e9 le \u2018hamets pour tous ceux qui l\u2019avaient vendu par son biais. Alors, on pourra utiliser le \u2018hamets qui avait \u00e9t\u00e9 vendu. En cas de n\u00e9cessit\u00e9, on pourra pr\u00e9lever du \u2018hamets imm\u00e9diatement \u00e0 l\u2019issue de Pessa\u2019h, en \u00e9tant dispos\u00e9 \u00e0 payer au non-Juif la pleine valeur de ce \u2018hamets si celui-ci la r\u00e9clame. Le mieux est que les rabbins conviennent explicitement avec le non-Juif, au moment de la vente, que tout \u2018hamets qu\u2019un Juif prendrait sur le stock vendu devra \u00eatre pay\u00e9, si le non-Juif le souhaite. Par cela, le fait qu\u2019un Juif prenne du \u2018hamets d\u00e8s l\u2019issue de Pessa\u2019h ne souffrira plus d\u2019objection.<\/p>\n

Certains ont l\u2019usage d\u2019\u00eatre rigoureux et s\u2019abstiennent de manger du \u2018hamets qui a \u00e9t\u00e9 vendu, parce que, selon les d\u00e9cisionnaires rigoureux, vendre du \u2018hamets \u00e0 un non-Juif avant Pessa\u2019h pour le racheter ensuite n\u2019est pas chose r\u00e9guli\u00e8re, si bien que, selon eux, le \u2018hamets ainsi vendu et rachet\u00e9 a m\u00eame statut qu\u2019un \u2018hamets qui fut poss\u00e9d\u00e9 par un Juif pendant Pessa\u2019h, \u2018hamets dont la consommation et la jouissance sont interdites.<\/p>\n

Mais en pratique, il n\u2019est pas n\u00e9cessaire de tenir compte de cette position rigoureuse, car l\u2019interdit portant sur le \u2018hamets qui fut poss\u00e9d\u00e9 par un Juif pendant Pessa\u2019h est un interdit rabbinique\u00a0; or, en tout cas de doute portant sur une norme rabbinique, la halakha est conforme \u00e0 l\u2019opinion indulgente. \u00c0 plus forte raison l\u2019est-elle dans un cas o\u00f9 seul un petit nombre de d\u00e9cisionnaires \u00e9mettent des doutes, tandis que la grande majorit\u00e9 d\u2019entre eux expriment leur permission. Certains grands ma\u00eetres d\u2019Isra\u00ebl avaient d\u2019ailleurs soin de manger, apr\u00e8s Pessa\u2019h, du \u2018hamets qui avait \u00e9t\u00e9 vendu puis rachet\u00e9, afin de montrer que la vente avait \u00e9t\u00e9 faite de fa\u00e7on parfaitement conforme.<\/p>\n

Si l\u2019on ach\u00e8te dans un magasin alimentaire juif, apr\u00e8s Pessa\u2019h, il faut v\u00e9rifier que le vendeur poss\u00e8de un certificat attestant qu\u2019il a bien vendu son \u2018hamets, conform\u00e9ment \u00e0 la loi\u00a0; cela, afin de ne pas acheter de \u2018hamets qui, durant Pessa\u2019h, \u00e9tait dans le domaine d\u2019un Juif. Si le vendeur n\u2019est pas pratiquant, il faut \u00eatre plus attentif encore. En effet, m\u00eame si ce vendeur a particip\u00e9 \u00e0 la vente du \u2018hamets par le biais du rabbinat, mais qu\u2019il n\u2019ait pas compris la signification de la vente, continuant de vendre du \u2018hamets dans son magasin pendant Pessa\u2019h, certains d\u00e9cisionnaires (tels que le Sd\u00e9 \u2018H\u00e9med <\/em>et le Maharam Shik) estiment que la vente, \u00e0 son \u00e9gard, \u00e9tait nulle. D\u00e8s lors, tout le \u2018hamets qui est en son magasin est interdit, \u00e0 la consommation comme \u00e0 la jouissance. Dans un tel cas, il faut, a priori, tenir compte de l\u2019opinion des d\u00e9cisionnaires rigoureux, et attendre qu\u2019un nouvel arrivage de \u2018hamets, produit apr\u00e8s Pessa\u2019h, parvienne au magasin. Mais s\u2019il appara\u00eet que le propri\u00e9taire du magasin a bel et bien vendu son \u2018hamets de fa\u00e7on r\u00e9guli\u00e8re, et qu\u2019il a veill\u00e9 \u00e0 ce que les gens soient tenus \u00e0 distance, pendant Pessa\u2019h, du \u2018hamets vendu, il sera permis de lui acheter des produits \u2018hamets d\u00e8s l\u2019issue de Pessa\u2019h[8]<\/a><\/sup>.<\/p>\n

\n
\n
\n[8]<\/a>. Cf. Sidour Pessa\u2019h Kehilkhato<\/em> 11, 13, 23\u00a0; Pisq\u00e9 Techouvot<\/em> 448, 20. Cf. aussi note 1 ci-dessus, o\u00f9 sont mentionn\u00e9es les opinions rigoureuses, et au premier chef celle du Gaon de Vilna, qui s\u2019abstenait de consommer du \u2018hamets qui avait \u00e9t\u00e9 vendu\u00a0; puis en note 2, les opinions indulgentes, qui sont majoritaires. Cf. Pisq\u00e9 Techouvot<\/em> 448, 10 et note 46, sur l\u2019usage consistant \u00e0 consommer pr\u00e9cis\u00e9ment du \u2018hamets qui avait \u00e9t\u00e9 vendu, afin de montrer que la vente avait \u00e9t\u00e9 valide.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Apr\u00e8s Pessa\u2019h, il est bon d\u2019attendre quelque peu, jusqu\u2019au moment o\u00f9 l\u2019on pourra supposer que le rabbinat a rachet\u00e9 le \u2018hamets pour tous ceux qui l\u2019avaient vendu par son biais. Alors, on pourra utiliser le \u2018hamets qui avait \u00e9t\u00e9 vendu. En cas de n\u00e9cessit\u00e9, on pourra pr\u00e9lever du \u2018hamets imm\u00e9diatement \u00e0 l\u2019issue de Pessa\u2019h, en […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":9,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[74],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-781","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-04-06"],"yoast_head":"\n06. 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