{"id":795,"date":"2016-04-07T06:00:28","date_gmt":"2016-04-07T03:00:28","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/ph.yhb.org.il\/fr\/?p=795"},"modified":"2018-03-20T11:26:51","modified_gmt":"2018-03-20T09:26:51","slug":"04-07-06","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/ph.yhb.org.il\/fr\/04-07-06\/","title":{"rendered":"06. Consommation d\u2019un m\u00e9lange contenant du \u2018hamets\u00a0; sa conservation \u00e0 Pessa\u2019h"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>Le statut d\u2019un m\u00e9lange contenant du \u2018hamets, \u00e0 Pessa\u2019h, est complexe\u00a0; les Tanna\u00efm, les Amora\u00efm, les Richonim comme les A\u2019haronim controversent \u00e0 ce sujet. Nous r\u00e9sumerons bri\u00e8vement les r\u00e8gles applicables.<\/p>\n<p>La Torah \u00e9tablit que, si l\u2019on mange la quantit\u00e9 d\u2019un <em>kaza\u00eft <\/em>de \u2018hamets pendant Pessa\u2019h, on est puni de retranchement (<em>karet<\/em>). Si le <em>kaza\u00eft <\/em>de \u2018hamets s\u2019est m\u00e9lang\u00e9 \u00e0 d\u2019autres aliments, que ce m\u00e9lange contienne \u00e0 pr\u00e9sent un <em>kaza\u00eft<\/em> de \u2018hamets au sein d\u2019un volume qui peut se consommer en une dur\u00e9e dite d\u2019<em>akhilat prass <\/em>(c\u2019est-\u00e0-dire le temps n\u00e9cessaire \u00e0 la consommation d\u2019un volume de trois ou quatre \u0153ufs<sup><a href='#_te01ftn7_f' id='_te01ftnref7_f' class='aup1'>[f]<\/a><\/sup>), et que l\u2019on mange, de ce m\u00e9lange, un semblable volume \u2013 consommable, donc, dans le temps d\u2019<em>akhilat prass<\/em><sup><a href='#_te01ftn7_g' id='_te01ftnref7_g' class='aup1'>[g]<\/a><\/sup> \u2013, Na\u2019hmanide et d\u2019autres Richonim estiment que l\u2019on est passible de retranchement\u00a0; selon le Rif et Ma\u00efmonide, en revanche, on est seulement passible de trente-neuf coups (<em>malqout<\/em>). (Selon Rabb\u00e9nou Tam, m\u00eame si l\u2019on n\u2019a mang\u00e9 de ce m\u00e9lange que la mesure d\u2019un <em>kaza\u00eft<\/em>, on est punissable toraniquement, comme le rapporte le Roch sur <em>\u2018Houlin<\/em> 7, 31).<\/p>\n<p>Si le m\u00e9lange ne contient pas un <em>kaza\u00eft <\/em>de \u2018hamets au sein d\u2019un volume \u00e9quivalent \u00e0 trois ou quatre \u0153ufs, et que l\u2019on ait mang\u00e9, de ce m\u00e9lange, un volume au sein duquel se trouve un <em>kaza\u00eft <\/em>de \u2018hamets, le <em>Maor<\/em> et le <em>\u2018Itour<\/em> estiment que l\u2019on est passible de <em>malqout<\/em>. Selon le <em>Tour<\/em>, que l\u2019on ait mang\u00e9 beaucoup ou peu de ce m\u00e9lange, il suffit que celui-ci ait le go\u00fbt du \u2018hamets pour que l\u2019on ait transgress\u00e9 un interdit toranique, mais on n\u2019est pas pour autant passible de <em>malqout<\/em>. Pour Ma\u00efmonide, c\u2019est un interdit rabbinique seulement que l\u2019on aura enfreint (selon Ma\u00efmonide et le <em>Choul\u2019han \u2018Aroukh<\/em> 453, 2, dans un m\u00e9lange de bl\u00e9 et de riz, si le go\u00fbt du \u2018hamets est perceptible, ce n\u2019est que dans le cas o\u00f9 l\u2019on en mange un <em>kaza\u00eft <\/em>que l\u2019on enfreint un interdit toranique).<\/p>\n<p>Si le \u2018hamets s\u2019est m\u00eal\u00e9 \u00e0 un ingr\u00e9dient cach\u00e8re de m\u00eame nature \u2013 par exemple, de la farine qui a ferment\u00e9, avec de la farine qui n\u2019a pas ferment\u00e9 \u2013, la farine \u2018hamets se voit toraniquement annul\u00e9e dans la majorit\u00e9, car le go\u00fbt des deux farines est semblable. Mais en tout \u00e9tat de cause, il est interdit rabbiniquement de manger de ce m\u00e9lange (<em>Choul\u2019han \u2018Aroukh<\/em> 447, 1).<\/p>\n<p>Quant \u00e0 l\u2019interdit de garder un m\u00e9lange contenant du \u2018hamets \u00e0 Pessa\u2019h\u00a0: si un <em>kaza\u00eft<\/em> de \u2018hamets s\u2019est m\u00e9lang\u00e9 \u00e0 d\u2019autres aliments, tant que ces aliments ne sont pas en quantit\u00e9 plus de soixante fois sup\u00e9rieure au \u2018hamets, on enfreint deux interdits\u00a0: <em>bal y\u00e9ra\u00e9<\/em> (\u00ab\u00a0il n\u2019en sera pas vu\u00a0\u00bb) et <em>bal yimats\u00e9<\/em> (\u00ab\u00a0il ne s\u2019en trouvera pas\u00a0\u00bb). Si la quantit\u00e9 d\u2019autres ingr\u00e9dients est plus de soixante fois sup\u00e9rieure, le \u2018hamets est, toraniquement, annul\u00e9, et l\u2019on ne transgresse pas de mitsva en gardant chez soi ce m\u00e9lange. De m\u00eame, quand le \u2018hamets s\u2019est m\u00eal\u00e9 \u00e0 un ingr\u00e9dient cach\u00e8re de m\u00eame cat\u00e9gorie que lui \u2013 par exemple lorsque de la farine qui a ferment\u00e9 s\u2019est m\u00e9lang\u00e9e \u00e0 une autre farine \u2013, et que ces deux composants ont un go\u00fbt semblable, la r\u00e8gle est la suivante\u00a0: \u00e0 condition que la farine cach\u00e8re soit en quantit\u00e9 sup\u00e9rieure, la farine \u2018hamets s\u2019annule en elle, selon la Torah, et l\u2019on ne transgresserait pas d\u2019interdit en la gardant. Cependant, bien que, dans ces deux cas, on ne transgresse pas de norme toranique, nos sages imposent de d\u00e9truire le m\u00e9lange, de crainte d\u2019en venir \u00e0 le consommer pendant Pessa\u2019h<sup><a href='#_te01ftn7_6' id='_te01ftnref7_6' class='aup1'>[6]<\/a><\/sup>.<\/p>\n<div>\n<hr size=\"1\" \/>\n<div>\n<a href='#_te01ftnref7_f' id='_te01ftn7_f'>[f]<\/a>. Cf. chap. 16 \u00a7 25.<\/p>\n<p><a href='#_te01ftnref7_g' id='_te01ftn7_g'>[g]<\/a>. Le m\u00e9lange comprend donc trois ou quatre <em>kaza\u00eft<\/em>, dont un de \u2018hamets.<\/p>\n<p><a href='#_te01ftnref7_6' id='_te01ftn7_6'>[6]<\/a>. Si l\u2019on n\u2019a pas d\u00e9truit le m\u00e9lange, il sera permis d\u2019en tirer profit apr\u00e8s Pessa\u2019h, puisque l\u2019on n\u2019aura pas enfreint par-l\u00e0 les interdits de <em>bal y\u00e9ra\u00e9<\/em> et de <em>bal yimats\u00e9<\/em>. Quant \u00e0 le consommer apr\u00e8s Pessa\u2019h, le <em>Elya Rabba<\/em> l\u2019interdit, puisque l\u2019on aura transgress\u00e9, en gardant ce m\u00e9lange, un interdit rabbinique. Mais le <em>Maguen Avraham <\/em>permet de le consommer, comme l\u2019explique le <em>Michna Beroura<\/em> 447, 102.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Le statut d\u2019un m\u00e9lange contenant du \u2018hamets, \u00e0 Pessa\u2019h, est complexe\u00a0; les Tanna\u00efm, les Amora\u00efm, les Richonim comme les A\u2019haronim controversent \u00e0 ce sujet. Nous r\u00e9sumerons bri\u00e8vement les r\u00e8gles applicables. La Torah \u00e9tablit que, si l\u2019on mange la quantit\u00e9 d\u2019un kaza\u00eft de \u2018hamets pendant Pessa\u2019h, on est puni de retranchement (karet). Si le kaza\u00eft de [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":9,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[75],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-795","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-04-07"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v27.3 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>06. Consommation d\u2019un m\u00e9lange contenant du \u2018hamets\u00a0; sa conservation \u00e0 Pessa\u2019h - Pnin\u00e9 Halakha<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/ph.yhb.org.il\/fr\/04-07-06\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"fr_FR\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"06. 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