{"id":890,"date":"2016-04-11T14:00:26","date_gmt":"2016-04-11T11:00:26","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/ph.yhb.org.il\/fr\/?p=890"},"modified":"2018-03-21T09:07:31","modified_gmt":"2018-03-21T07:07:31","slug":"04-11-14","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/ph.yhb.org.il\/fr\/04-11-14\/","title":{"rendered":"14. Ustensiles de verre"},"content":{"rendered":"

Une controverse est apparue \u00e0 l\u2019\u00e9poque des Richonim au sujet des ustensiles de verre. Selon certains auteurs, le verre est lisse et dur\u00a0; m\u00eame si l\u2019on y a mis de la nourriture chaude, l\u2019ustensile de verre n\u2019en absorbe pas le go\u00fbt. Aussi, dans le cas o\u00f9 l\u2019on a utilis\u00e9 un ustensile de verre pour y mettre du \u2018hamets ou quelque aliment interdit, on pourra le bien nettoyer, puis s\u2019en servir pour les aliments permis, ou \u00e0 Pessa\u2019h (Raavia, Roch, Rachba, Ran, Choul\u2019han \u2018Aroukh<\/em> 451, 26).<\/p>\n

D\u2019autres pensent en revanche que le verre est fait \u00e0 partir du sable, comme les ustensiles de poterie, faits eux aussi \u00e0 partir d\u2019une mati\u00e8re sableuse. Aussi, m\u00eame si, en pratique, les ustensiles de verre n\u2019absorbent point, leur statut est semblable aux ustensiles de poterie, qu\u2019il n\u2019est aucun moyen de cach\u00e9riser. Et si l\u2019on s\u2019en est servi pour des aliments \u2018hamets \u00e0 chaud, il n\u2019est aucun moyen de les cach\u00e9riser en vue de Pessa\u2019h (Rabb\u00e9nou Ye\u2019hiel, S\u00e9fer Mitsvot Gadol<\/em>, Rabb\u00e9nou P\u00e9rets, Teroumat Had\u00e9chen<\/em>, Rama).<\/p>\n

Certains Richonim tiennent une position interm\u00e9diaire, selon laquelle les ustensiles de verre sont comparables \u00e0 ceux en m\u00e9tal\u00a0; si l\u2019on s\u2019en est servi pour des aliments \u2018hamets br\u00fblants, il faut les cach\u00e9riser par \u00e9chaudage \u00e0 l\u2019eau bouillante (Ma\u00efmonide, Or Zaroua<\/em>, Chibol\u00e9 Hal\u00e9qet<\/em>).<\/p>\n

En g\u00e9n\u00e9ral, la majorit\u00e9 des d\u00e9cisionnaires s\u00e9farades sont indulgents en cela, et la majorit\u00e9 des d\u00e9cisionnaires ashk\u00e9nazes sont rigoureux. En pratique, il est bon, \u00e0 Pessa\u2019h, de ne pas utiliser d\u2019ustensiles de verre dont on s\u2019est servi pour du \u2018hamets. En cas de n\u00e9cessit\u00e9 pressante, on peut les cach\u00e9riser par \u00e9chaudage. Si, dans sa famille, on avait coutume d\u2019\u00eatre indulgent, on est autoris\u00e9 \u00e0 perp\u00e9tuer la coutume familiale[12]<\/a><\/sup>.<\/p>\n

\n
\n
\n[12]<\/a>. Dans leur majorit\u00e9, les d\u00e9cisionnaires s\u00e9farades sont indulgents. Parmi eux\u00a0: Peri \u2018Hadach<\/em>, Chtil\u00e9 Zeitim<\/em>, Cha\u2019ar Hamifqad<\/em>, \u2018Al\u00e9 Hadas<\/em>, Netiv\u00e9 \u2018Am<\/em>, Ch\u00e9mech Oumaguen<\/em>, Rav Ovadia Yossef. D\u2019autres exigent un \u00e9chaudage\u00a0; parmi eux\u00a0: Rav Pe\u2019alim,<\/em> Rav Ha\u00efm David Hal\u00e9vi, Rav Mordekha\u00ef Elyahou, Rav David Chelouch, Rav Kapah.<\/p>\n

Parmi les d\u00e9cisionnaires ashk\u00e9nazes, il y a diff\u00e9rentes opinions. Certains disent, tels le Rama et le Ba\u00eft \u2018Hadach<\/em>, qu\u2019il ne faut pas du tout cach\u00e9riser les ustensiles de verre. Certains auteurs expliquent que l\u2019intention de ces d\u00e9cisionnaires est d\u2019interdire la cach\u00e9risation du verre en vue de Pessa\u2019h<\/em>, en raison de la rigueur particuli\u00e8re qui s\u2019attache \u00e0 l\u2019interdit du \u2018hamets\u00a0; mais que, pour les autres interdits, et en cas de n\u00e9cessit\u00e9, ils autoriseraient la cach\u00e9risation de tels ustensiles par \u00e9chaudage. C\u2019est l\u2019opinion du Maharam de Brisk, du Srid\u00e9 Ech<\/em>, du Beit Avi<\/em> et du Min\u2019hat Yits\u2019haq<\/em>. Selon le Ch\u00e9\u00eflat Yaavets<\/em>, si l\u2019on s\u2019en \u00e0 la stricte obligation, on peut \u00eatre indulgent, en se contentant de rincer les ustensiles de verre\u00a0; et ce n\u2019est qu\u2019en raison de la rigueur particuli\u00e8re reposant sur le \u2018hamets que l\u2019on a coutume de ne pas s\u2019en servir. C\u2019est en ce sens que se prononcent le Beit L\u00e9\u2019hem Yehouda<\/em>, le \u2018Hamoud\u00e9 Daniel<\/em> et le Yad Yehouda<\/em>. Ce sujet sera d\u00e9velopp\u00e9 plus largement dans l\u2019ouvrage consacr\u00e9 \u00e0 la cacheroute \u2013 dans la s\u00e9rie Pnin\u00e9 Halakha<\/em> \u2013 au chapitre qui traitera des ustensiles (\u00a7 5) [ce livre n\u2019est pas encore traduit en fran\u00e7ais en 5778\/2018] et dans l\u2019ouvrage d\u2019approfondissement (Har\u2019havot<\/em>) qui le compl\u00e9tera.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Une controverse est apparue \u00e0 l\u2019\u00e9poque des Richonim au sujet des ustensiles de verre. Selon certains auteurs, le verre est lisse et dur\u00a0; m\u00eame si l\u2019on y a mis de la nourriture chaude, l\u2019ustensile de verre n\u2019en absorbe pas le go\u00fbt. Aussi, dans le cas o\u00f9 l\u2019on a utilis\u00e9 un ustensile de verre pour y […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":9,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[79],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-890","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-04-11"],"yoast_head":"\n14. 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